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Diabetic cardiomyopathy:Importance of direct evidence to support the roles of NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome and pyroptosis

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w.rld Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1659-1662页

作者： Lu Cai Yi Tan md Shahidul Islam michael horow.tz Kupper A w.ntergerst Pediatric Research Institute Departments of PediatricsRadiation OncologyPharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of LouisvilleWendy Novak Diabetes InstituteNorton Children’s HospitalLouisvilleKY 40202United States Department of Biochemistry School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000KwaZulu-NatalSouth Africa Department of Medicine University of AdelaideAdelaide 5005Australia Pediatric Research Institute Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsWendy Novak Diabetes InstituteNorton Children’s HospitalUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40202United States

Recently,the roles of pyroptosis,a form of cell death induced by activated NODlike receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome,in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)have been extensively ***,most studies have focused mainly on w.ether diabetes increases the NLRP3 inflammasome and associated pyroptosis in the heart of type 1 or type 2 diabetic rodent models,and w.ether various medications and natural products prevent the development of DCM,associated w.th decreased levels of cardiac NLRP3 inflammasome and *** direct link of NLRP3 inflammasome and associated pyroptosis to the pathogenesis of DCM remains unclear based on the limited evidence derived from the available studies,w.th the approaches of NLRP3 gene silencing or pharmaceutical application of NLRP3 specific *** thus emphasize the requirement for more systematic studies that are designed to provide direct evidence to support the link,given that several studies have provided both direct and indirect evidence under specific *** editorial emphasizes that the current investigation should be circumspect in its conclusion,i.e.,not overemphasizing its role in the pathogenesis of DCM w.th the fact of only significantly increased expression or activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in the heart of diabetic rodent *** clear-cut evidence-based causative roles of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of DCM can help to develop effective and safe medications for the clinical management of DCM,targeting these biomarkers.

关键词： Diabetic cardiomyopathy Nucleotide oligomerization domain NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome Cardiac cell death Pyroptosis

Impact of cancer diagnosis on life expectancy by area-level socioeconomic groups in New.South w.les, Australia: a population-based study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 692-702页

作者： md Mijanur Rahman michael David David Goldsbury Karen Canfell Kou Kou Paramita Dasgupta Peter Baade Xue Qin Yu The Daffodil Centre The University of SydneyA Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSWSydneyNSW 1340Australia School of Medicine and Dentistry Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLD 4222Australia Cancer Council Queensland BrisbaneQLD 4006Australia

Objective: Improvement in cancer survival over recent decades has not been accompanied by a narrow.ng of socioeconomic disparities. This study aimed to quantify the loss of life expectancy(LOLE) resulting from a cancer diagnosis and examine disparities in LOLE based on area-level socioeconomic status(SES).Methods: Data w.re collected for all people betw.en 50 and 89 years of age w.o w.re diagnosed w.th cancer, registered in the NSw.Cancer Registry betw.en 2001 and 2019, and underw.nt mortality follow.up evaluations until December 2020. Flexible parametric survival models w.re fitted to estimate the LOLE by gender and area-level SES for 12 common ***: Of 422,680 people w.th cancer, 24% and 18% lived in the most and least disadvantaged areas, respectively. Patients from the most disadvantaged areas had a significantly greater average LOLE than patients from the least disadvantaged areas for cancers w.th high survival rates, including prostate [2.9 years(95% CI: 2.5±3.2 years) vs. 1.6 years(95% CI: 1.3±1.9 years)] and breast cancer [1.6 years(95% CI: 1.4±1.8 years) vs. 1.2 years(95% CI: 1.0±1.4 years)]. The highest average LOLE occurred in males residing in the most disadvantaged areas w.th pancreatic [16.5 years(95% CI: 16.1±16.8 years) vs. 16.2 years(95% CI: 15.7±16.7 years)] and liver cancer [15.5 years(95% CI: 15.0±16.0 years) vs. 14.7 years(95% CI: 14.0±15.5 years)]. Females residing in the least disadvantaged areas w.th thyroid cancer [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.4±1.4 years) vs. 0.6 years(95% CI: 0.2±1.0 years)] or melanoma [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.8±1.1 years) vs. 0.7 years(95% CI: 0.5±0.8 years)] had the low.st average ***: Patients from the most disadvantaged areas had the highest LOLE w.th SES-based differences greatest for patients diagnosed w.th cancer at an early stage or cancers w.th higher survival rates, suggesting the need to prioritise early detection and reduce treatment-related barriers and survivorship challenges to improve life expec

关键词： Cancer diagnosis life expectancy loss of life expectancy area-level socioeconomic status flexible parametric model

BMPRⅡ^(+)neural precursor cells isolated and characterized from organotypic neurospheres:an in vitro model of human fetal spinal cord development

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 447-457页

作者： michael w.w.ible II michael D.Lovelace Hamish D.Mundell Tsz w.i Rosita Pang Tailoi Chan-Ling Bosch Institute Discipline of Anatomy and Histology(F13)University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia School of Environment and Science Griffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia Discipline of Medicine Nepean Clinical SchoolFaculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyKingswoodNSWAustralia New.South w.les Brain Tissue Resource Centre School of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyCharles Perkins Centre(D17)SydneyNSWAustralia

Roof plate secretion of bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)directs the cellular fate of sensory neurons during spinal cord development,including the formation of the ascending sensory columns,though their biology is not w.ll ***-ⅡBMP receptor(BMPRⅡ),the cognate receptor,is expressed by neural precursor cells during embryogenesis;how.ver,an in vitro method of enriching BMPRⅡ^(+)human neural precursor cells(hNPCs)from the fetal spinal cord is *** w.s undertaken on intact second-trimester human fetal spinal cord using antibodies to BMPRⅡand leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF).Regions of highest BMPRⅡ^(+)immunofluorescence localized to sensory *** and meningeal-associated BMPRⅡ^(+)vascular cells w.re identified in both intact fetal spinal cord and cortex by co-positivity w.th vascular lineage markers,CD34/*** immunostaining identified a population of somas concentrated in dorsal and ventral horn interneurons,mirroring the expression of LIF receptor/CD118.A combination of LIF supplementation and high-density culture maintained culture grow.h beyond 10 passages,w.ile synergistically increasing the proportion of neurospheres w.th a stratified,*** neurospheres w.re characterized by BMPRⅡ^(+)/MAP2ab^(+/–)/βⅢ-tubulin^(+)/nestin^(–)/vimentin^(–)/GFAP^(–)/NeuN^(–)surface hNPCs surrounding a heterogeneous core ofβⅢ-tubulin^(+)/nestin^(+)/vimentin^(+)/GFAP^(+)/MAP2ab^(–)/NeuN^(–)multipotent *** cultures from tripotential neurospheres contained neuronal(βⅢ-tubulin^(+)),astrocytic(GFAP+),and oligodendrocytic(O4+)lineage ***-activated cell sorting-sorted BMPRⅡ^(+)hNPCs w.re MAP2ab^(+/–)/βⅢ-tubulin^(+)/GFAP^(–)/O4^(–)in *** is the first isolation of BMPRⅡ^(+)hNPCs identified and characterized in human fetal spinal *** data show.that LIF combines synergistically w.th high-density reaggregate cultures to support the organotypic reorganization of neurospheres,characterize

关键词： BMPRⅡ bone morphogenetic protein histotypic human spinal cord development leukemia inhibitory factor neurosphere organotypic reaggregate sensory columns

Soybean Response to w.ed Residues in the Soil

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 801-811页

作者： Dw.yne D. Joseph michael w. Marshall Matthew.Cutulle Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Edisto Research and Education Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA Coastal Research and Education Center Clemson University Charleson SC USA

Soybean production systems that return plant residues to the soil surface are gaining in popularity. As these practices become more w.despread, more crop and w.ed residues are being introduced into the upper soil profile. Greenhouse studies w.re conducted to determine the effects of varying concentrations of Palmer amaranth and pitted morningglory plant residues (aboveground portion of the plant) on soybean production. The study w.s arranged in a completely randomized experimental design w.th five treatments and five replications. Palmer amaranth and pitted morningglory residues w.re incorporated into soil at 20,000, 40,000, 80,000 and 160,000 ppm. Inert plastic residue at the same residue levels w.s included as a check. Soybean dry w.ight, leaf area and leaf tissue nutrient content w.re recorded during the study. A decrease in soybean dry w.ight and leaf area w.s observed as Palmer amaranth residue in the soil increased. Palmer amaranth residues of 160,000 ppm and 80,000 ppm in the soil significantly reduced soybean dry w.ight by 69% and 59%, respectively, and soybean leaf area by 60% and 57%, respectively. In contrast, pitted morningglory and inert plastic residues had no observable effect on soybean grow.h and development. This study demonstrated Palmer amaranth residues in the soil impacted early season soybean grow.h and development.

关键词： Reduced Tillage Plant Residues Allelopathy Glycine max L.

Spontaneous mutations and mutational responses to penicillin treatment in the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae D39

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第3期6卷 198-211页

作者： w.nyue Jiang Tongtong Lin Jiao Pan Caitlyn ERivera Clayton Tincher Yaohai w.ng Yu Zhang Xiang Gao Yan w.ng ho‑Ching T.Tsui Malcolm E.w.nkler michael Lynch hongan Long Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity KLMMEOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Department of Biology Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA School of Mathematics Science Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266000China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Microbial Technology InstituteSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85281USA

Bacteria w.th functional DNA repair systems are expected to have low.mutation rates due to strong natural selection for genomic ***,our study of the w.ld-type Streptococcus pneumoniae D39,a pathogen responsible for many common diseases,revealed a high spontaneous mutation rate of 0.02 per genome per cell division in mutation-accumulation(MA)*** rate is orders of magnitude higher than that of other non-mutator bacteria and is characterized by a high mutation bias in the A/T *** high mutation rate may have resulted from a reduction in the overall efficiency of selection,conferred by the tiny effective population size in *** line w.th this,*** D39 also exhibited the low.st DNA mismatch-repair(MMR)efficiency among *** w.th the antibiotic penicillin did not elevate the mutation rate,as penicillin did not induce DNA damage and *** lacks a stress response *** findings suggested that the MA results are applicable to w.thin-host scenarios and provide insights into pathogen evolution.

关键词： Neutral evolution Mutation spectrum Antibiotics DNA mismatch repair Oxidative damage repair

The evolving roles of w.t signaling in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, the development of human diseases, and therapeutic opportunities

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 155-187页

作者： michael Yu Kevin Qin Jiaming Fan Guozhi Zhao Piao Zhao w.i Zeng Connie Chen Annie w.ng Yonghui w.ng jiamin Zhong Yi Zhu w.lliam w.gstaff Rex C.Haydon Hue H.Luu Sherw.n ho michael J.Lee Jason Strelzow.Russell R.Reid Tong-Chuan He School of Medicine Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China

The evolutionarily conserved w.t signaling pathw.y plays a central role in develop-ment and adult tissue homeostasis across *** proteins are secreted,lipid-modified signaling molecules that activate the canonical(β-catenin dependent)and non-canonical(β-catenin independent)w.t signaling *** behaviors such as proliferation,differ-entiation,maturation,and proper body-axis specification are carried out by the canonical pathw.y,w.ich is the best characterized of the know. w.t signaling *** signaling has emerged as an important factor in stem cell biology and is know. to affect the self-renew.l of stem cells in various *** includes but is not limited to embryonic,hematopoietic,mesenchymal,gut,neural,and epidermal stem *** signaling has also been implicated in tumor cells that exhibit stem cell-like *** signaling is crucial for bone formation and presents a potential target for the development of therapeutics for bone *** surprisingly,aberrant w.t signaling is also associated w.th a w.de variety of diseases,including *** of w.t pathw.y members in cancer can lead to unchecked cell proliferation,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,and ***,advances in the understand-ing of dysregulated w.t signaling in disease have paved the w.y for the development of novel therapeutics that target components of the w.t *** w.th a brief overview.of the mechanisms of canonical and non-canonical w.t,this review.aims to summarize the cur-rent know.edge of w.t signaling in stem cells,aberrations to the w.t pathw.y associated w.th diseases,and novel therapeutics targeting the w.t pathw.y in preclinical and clinical studies.

关键词： β-Catenin Cancer Canonical w.t Disease Non-canonical w.t Stem cells Targeted therapy w.t signaling

Fabrication of sub-20 nm MoS_(2) horizontal nanow.re on silicon substrates by inclusion of precursors into polystyrene-bpolyethylene oxide nanopatterns: Detailed structural investigation

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2145-2153页

作者： Tandra Ghoshal michael A.Morris School of Chemistry AMBER and CRANNTrinity College DublinDublinIrelandD02 AK60

Herein,w. demonstrate the fabrication of sub-20 nm MoS_(2) horizontal nanow.re arrays on silicon substrates using a self-assembled block copolymer assisted in situ inclusion *** separated long-range ordered polystyrene-b-polyethylene oxide(PS-b-PEO)block copolymer(BCP)line-space nanopatterns w.re achieved through thermo-solvent *** patterns produced had long-range order and domain sizes>1μ*** BCP structures w.re lightly etched and modified by anhydrous ethanol to facilitate insertion of molybdenum precursor w.thin the film maintaining the parent BCP *** ordered molybdenum oxide nanow.re arrays w.re then fabricated by ultraviolet(UV)/ozone treatment at room *** oxides w.re converted to sulphides by thermal evaporation at different temperatures in Ar/H_(2) environment.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the composition and phases of the molybdenum oxide and sulphide *** mapping w.s performed to investigate the interfaces betw.en the oxide and sulphide nanow.res w.th the substrate *** formation and stability of the sulphide nanow.res w.re studied at different *** photoluminescence and Raman properties w.re studied at different formation temperatures to investigate defects and estimate the number of layers.

关键词： MoS_(2) block copolymer nanow.res inclusion X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) mapping photoluminescence

Neuronal trafficking as a key to functional recovery in immune-mediated neuropathies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2331-2332页

作者： Felix Kohle michael Schroeter Department of Neurology University of Cologne and University Hospital CologneCologneGermany

Immune-mediated neuropathies are rare diseases of the peripheral nervous system(PNS),substantially affecting patients’functionality and quality of *** are amenable to immunomodulatory treatments,w.ich in many cases stabilize disease progression,but long-term deficits persist in many *** long-term deficits are particularly observed in monophasic autoimmune neuropathies like Guillain-Barrésyndrome and also in chronic variants,e.g.,chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy(Fadia et al.,2019).

关键词： diseases autoimmune

Design of a Level-3 electric vehicle charging station using a 1-Mw.solar system via the distributed maximum pow.r point tracking technique

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第1期8卷 23-35页

作者： Balal, Afshin Giesselmann, michael Texas Tech Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Lubbock TX 79409 USA

Solar pow.r is mostly influenced by solar irradiation, w.ather conditions, solar array mismatches and partial shading conditions. Therefore, before installing solar arrays, it is necessary to simulate and determine the possible pow.r generated. Maximum pow.r point tracking is needed in order to make sure that, at any time, the maximum pow.r w.ll be extracted from the photovoltaic system. how.ver, maximum pow.r point tracking is not a suitable solution for mismatches and partial shading conditions. To overcome the draw.acks of maximum pow.r point tracking due to mismatches and shadow., distributed maximum pow.r point tracking is utilized in this paper. The solar farm can be distributed in different w.ys, including one DC-DC converter per group of modules or per module. In this paper, distributed maximum pow.r point tracking per module is implemented, w.ich has the highest efficiency. This technology is applied to electric vehicles (EVs) that can be charged w.th a Level 3 charging station in hour. how.ver, the problem is that charging an EV in hour puts a lot of stress on the pow.r grid, and there is not alw.ys enough peak pow.r reserve in the existing pow.r grid to charge EVs at that rate. Therefore, a Level 3 (fast DC) EV charging station using a solar farm by implementing distributed maximum pow.r point tracking is utilized to address this issue. Finally, the simulation result is reported using MATLAB((R)), LTSPICE and the System Advisor Model. Simulation results show.that the proposed 1-Mw.solar system w.ll provide 5 Mw. of pow.r each day, w.ich is enough to fully charge similar to 120 EVs each day. Additionally, the use of the proposed photovoltaic system benefits the environment by removing a huge amount of greenhouse gases and hazardous pollutants. For example, instead of supplying EVs w.th pow.r from coal-fired pow.r plants, 1989 pounds of CO2 w.ll be eliminated from the air per hour.

关键词： electric vehicles (EVs) distributed maximum pow.r point tracking solar farm DC fast-charging station step-up DC-DC converter System Advisor Model economic analysis MPPT ENERGY ALGORITHM ARRAYS