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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2024年第1期14卷 26-33页

作者： mogahabo Tebogo morukuladi n.L.Lethole m.C.masedi n.n.ngoepe p.E.ngoepe materials modelling Centre University of LimpopoPrivate Bag x1106Sovenga 0727South Africa Department of physics University of Fort HareAlice 5700South Africa

The universal cluster expansion technique was used in this study to determine the binary phase diagrams for the transition metal carbonate precursors mCO3(m:mn,ni,Co).The use of mixed cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries such as nmC(ni,mn and Co)formulations,is a strategic approach to optimize performance,enhance safety and address cost and environmental considerations in the rapidly evolving field of energy storage.This study focuses on the cost issue related to lithium ion batteries by investigating the manganese rich nmC since manganese is more abundant and cost-effective.we doped mnCO3 with nickel and doped mnCO3 with cobalt then ran cluster expansion calculations to generate binary phases.The binary phase diagrams generated indicated that doping mnCO3 with nickel favours the mn-rich side,while doping mnCO3 with cobalt favours 50%mn-rich and 50%Co-rich.we further extracted the most stable structures from both binary diagrams and determined their electronic,mechanical and vibrational stabilities using DFT(density functional theory)calculations within the LDA(local gradient approximation)with Hubbard parameter(U).The electronic properties revealed that both materials are semiconductors due to their narrow energy band gap obtained while the mechanical properties showed that structures are mechanically stable since their necessary conditions for trigonal and triclinic systems were satisfied.

关键词： Binary phase diagrams mechanical properties electronic conductivity phonon dispersion curves.

Irisin/BDnF signaling in the muscle-brain axis and circadian system: A review

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第1期38卷 1-16页

作者： Alexey n.Inyushkin Vitalii S.poletaev Elena m.Inyushkina Igor S.Kalberdin Andrey A.Inyushkin Department of Human&Animal physiology Samara National Research UniversitySamara 443011Russia.

In mammals,the timing of physiological,biochemical and behavioral processes over a 24-h period is controlled by circadian rhythms.To entrain the master clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus to a precise 24-h rhythm,environmental zeitgebers are used by the circadian system.This is done primarily by signals from the retina via the retinohypothalamic tract,but other cues like exercise,feeding,temperature,anxiety,and social events have also been shown to act as non-photic zeitgebers.The recently identified myokine irisin is proposed to serve as an entraining non-photic signal of exercise.Irisin is a product of cleavage and modification from its precursor membrane fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 5(FnDC5)in response to exercise.Apart from well-known peripheral effects,such as inducing the"browning"of white adipocytes,irisin can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and display the effects on the brain.Experimental data suggest that FnDC5/irisin mediates the positive effects of physical activity on brain functions.In several brain areas,irisin induces the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDnF).In the master clock,a significant role in gating photic stimuli in the retinohypothalamic synapse for BDnF is suggested.However,the brain receptor for irisin remains unknown.In the current review,the interactions of physical activity and the irisin/BDnF axis with the circadian system are reconceptualized.

关键词： irisin brain-derived neurotrophic factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγcoactivator 1α circadian rhythm circadian system muscle-brain axis

Antibiotic ciprofloxacin removal from aqueous solutions by electrochemically activated persulfate process:Optimization,degradation pathways,and toxicology assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 85-98页

作者： Elif Yakamercan Ahmet Aygün Halis Simsek Environmental Engineering Department Bursa Technical UniversityBursaTurkey Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

Ciprofloxacin(CIp)is a commonly used antibiotic in the fluoroquinolone group and is widely used in medical and veterinary medicine disciplines to treat bacterial infections.when CIp is discharged into the sewage system,it cannot be removed by a conventional wastewater treatment plant because of its recalcitrant characteristics.In this study,boron-doped diamond anode and persulfate were used to degrade CIp in an aquatic solution by creating an electrochemically activated persulfate(EAp)process.Ironwas added to the system as a coactivator and the process was called EAp+Fe.The effects of independent variables,including pH,Fe^(2+),persulfate concentration,and electrolysis time on the systemwere optimized using the response surface methodology.The results showed that the EAp+Fe process removed 94%of CIp under the following optimum conditions:A pH of 3,persulfate/Fe^(2+)concentration of 0.4 mmol/L,initial CIp concentration 30 mg/L,and electrolysis time of 12.64 min.CIp removal efficiency was increased from 65.10%to 94.35%by adding Fe^(2+)as a transition metal.CIp degradation products,7 pathways,and 78 intermediates of CIp were studied,and three of those intermediates(m/z 298,498,and 505)were reported.The toxicological analysis based on toxicity estimation software results indicated that some degradation products of CIp were toxic to targeted animals,including fathead minnow,Daphnia magna,Tetrahymena pyriformis,and rats.The optimumoperation costswere similar in EAp and EAp+Fe processes,approximately 0.54€/m^(3).

关键词： Ciprofloxacin Response surface methodology Electrochemically activated persulfate Electrooxidation

pediatric and adult liver transplantation in Bahrain: The experiences in a country with no available liver transplant facilities

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world Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 96-111页

作者： Hasan m Isa Fatema A Alkharsi Jawad K Khamis Sawsan A Hasan Zainab A naser Zainab n mohamed Afaf m mohamed Shaikha A Altamimi Department of pediatrics Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Department of pediatrics Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain Department of medicine Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain public Health Directorate Ministry of HealthManama 26671Bahrain The Overseas Office Supreme Committee for Treatment AbroadMinistry of HealthManama 26671Bahrain

BACKGROUnD Liver transplantation(LT)is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver disease and has become the standard and most effective treatment method for these patients.There are many indications for LT that vary between countries and settings.The outcome of LT depends on the available facilities and surgical expertise,as well as the types of liver graft donors available.AIm To assess the clinical characteristics of patients from Bahrain who underwent LT overseas,and analyze factors affecting their survival.mETHODS In this retrospective cohort study,we reviewed the medical records and overseas committee registry information of all pediatric and adult patients who were sent overseas to undergo LT by the pediatric and medical Departments of Salmaniya medical Complex and Bahrain Defence Force Hospital via the Overseas Treatment Office,ministry of Health,Kingdom of Bahrain,between 1997 and 2023.Demographic data,LT indication,donor-recipient relationship,overseas LT center,graft type,post-LT medications,and LT complications,were collected.Outcomes measured included the overall and 5-year LT survival rate.Fisher’s exact,pearsonχ2,and mann-whitney U tests were used to compare the pediatric and the adults’group in terms of clinical characteristics,donor-recipient relationship,medication,complications,and outcome.Survival analysis was estimated via the Kaplan-meier’s method.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to detect predictors of survival.RESULTS Of the 208 eligible patients,170(81.7%)were sent overseas to undergo LT while 38(18.3%)remained on the waiting list.Of the 170 patients,167(80.3%)underwent LT and were included in the study.The majority of the patients were Bahraini(91.0%),and most were males(57.5%).One-hundred-and-twenty(71.8%)were adults and 47(28.3%)were children.The median age at transplant was 50.0[interquartile range(IQR):14.9–58.4]years.The main indication for pediatric LT was biliary atresia(31.9%),while that of adult LT was hepatitis C-related cirrhosis(35.0%).Six(3.6%)pa

关键词： Overseas liver transplantation End-stage liver disease Liver transplant facilities Liver donor Biliary atresia Hepatitis C

The initial stages of Li_(2)O_(2) formation during oxygen reduction reaction in Li-O_(2) batteries:The significance of Li_(2)O_(2) in charge-transfer reactions within devices

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 223-231,I0006页

作者： Daniela m.Josepetti Bianca p.Sousa Simone A.J.Rodrigues Renato G.Freitas Gustavo Doubek Advanced Energy Storage Division LABCenter for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasAv Albert Einstein 50013083-852CampinasSPBrazil Institute of physics&Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Computational MaterialsFederal University of Mato Grosso78060-900CuiabáMTBrazil

Lithium-oxygen batteries are a promising technology because they can greatly surpass the energy density of lithium-ion batteries.However,this theoretical characteristic has not yet been converted into a real device with high cyclability.problems with air contamination,metallic lithium reactivity,and complex discharge and charge reactions are the main issues for this technology.A fast and reversible oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for good performance of secondary batteries',but the partial knowledge of its mechanisms,especially when devices are concerned,hinders further development.From this perspective,the present work uses operando Raman experiments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)to assess the first stages of the discharge processes in porous carbon electrodes,following their changes cycle by cycle at initial operation.A growth kinetic formation of the discharge product signal(Li_(2)O_(2))was observed with operando Raman,indicating a first-order reaction and enabling an analysis by a microkinetic model.The solution mechanism in the evaluated system was ascribed for an equivalent circuit with three time constants.while the time constant for the anode interface reveals to remain relatively constant after the first discharge,its surface seemed to be more non-uniform.The model indicated that the reaction occurs at the Li_(2)O_(2) surface,decreasing the associated resistance during the initial discharge phase.Furthermore,the growth of Li_(2)O_(2) forms a hetero-phase between Li_(2)O_(2)/electrolyte,while creating a more compact and homogeneous on the Li_(2)O_(2)/cathode surface.The methodology here described thus offers a way of directly probing changes in surface chemistry evolution during cycling from a device through EIS analysis.

关键词： Li-O_(2)battery Operando Raman analysis Equivalent circuit modeling Time-constant distribution

On the functions of astrocyte-mediated neuronal slow inward currents

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2602-2612页

作者： Balázs pál Department of physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Slow inward currents are known as neuronal excitatory currents mediated by glutamate release and activation of neuronal extra synaptic n-met hyl-D-aspartate receptors with the contribution of astrocytes.These events are significantly slower than the excitatory postsynaptic currents.parameters of slow inward currents are determined by seve ral factors including the mechanisms of astrocytic activation and glutamate release,as well as the diffusion pathways from the release site towards the extra synaptic recepto rs.Astrocytes are stimulated by neuronal network activity,which in turn excite neurons,forming an astrocyte-neuron feedback loop.mostly as a consequence of brain edema,astrocytic swelling can also induce slow inward currents under pathological conditions.There is a growing body of evidence on the roles of slow inward currents on a single neuron or local network level.These events often occur in synchro ny on neurons located in the same astrocytic domain.Besides synchronization of neuronal excitability,slow inward currents also set synaptic strength via eliciting timing-dependent synaptic plasticity.In addition,slow inward currents are also subject to non-synaptic plasticity triggered by long-la sting stimulation of the excitatory inputs.Of note,there might be important regionspecific differences in the roles and actions triggering slow inward currents.In greater networks,the pathophysiological roles of slow inward currents can be better understood than physiological ones.Slow inward currents are identified in the pathophysiological background of autism,as slow inward currents drive early hypersynchrony of the neural networks.Slow inward currents are significant contributors to paroxysmal depolarizational shifts/interictal spikes.These events are related to epilepsy,but also found in Alzheimer's disease,parkinson's disease,and stroke,leading to the decline of cognitive functions.Events with features overlapping with slow inward currents(excitatory,n-methyl-Daspartate-receptor mediated currents with astrocyti

关键词： astrocyte cortical spreading depolarization gliotransmission glutamate neural synchronization nmDA receptor paroxysmal depolarizational shift slow inward current

A Tutorial on Federated Learning from Theory to practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： m.Victoria Luzón nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido Daniel Jiménez-López Jose m.moyano Javier Del Ser weiping Ding Francisco Herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

when data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(mL)models in a distributed and decentralized environment.FL allows mL models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third parties.This paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data sources.By virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data privacy.The aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software frameworks.Furthermore,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different mL approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL landscape.The ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

Astrophysical S-factor and reaction rate for 15n(p,γ)16O within the modified potential cluster model

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Chinese physics C 2024年第4期48卷 130-145页

作者： S.B.Dubovichenko A.S.Tkachenko R.Ya.Kezerashvili n.A.Burkova B.m.Yeleusheva Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute 050020 AlmatyKazakhstan new York City College of Technology City University of New YorkBrooklyn11201 New YorkUSA Graduate School and University Center City University of New York10016 New YorkUSA al-Farabi Kazakh national University 050040 AlmatyKazakhstan

we study radiative p^(15)n capture on the ground state of ^(16)O at stellar energies within the framework of a modified potential cluster model(mpCm)with forbidden states,including low-lying resonances.The investigation of the ^(15)n(p,γ0)^(16)O reaction includes the consideration of ^(3)S_(1) resonances due to E1 transitions and the contribution of the ^(3)p_(1) scattering wave in the p+^(15)n channel due to the ^(3)p_(1)→^(3)p_(0)m1 transition.we calculated the astrophysical low-energy S-factor,and the extrapolated S(0)turned out to be within 34.7−40.4 keV·b.The important role of the asymptotic constant(AC)for the ^(15)n(p,γ0)16O process with interfering ^(3)S_(1)(312)and ^(3)S_(1)(962)resonances is elucidated.A comparison of our calculation for the S-factor with existing experimental and theoretical data is addressed,and a reasonable agreement is found.The reaction rate is calculated and compared with the existing rates.It has negligible dependence on the variation of AC but shows a strong impact of the interference of ^(3)S_(1)(312)and ^(3)S_(1)(962)resonances in reference to the CnO Gamow windows,especially at low temperatures.we estimate the contribution of cascade transitions to the reaction rate based on the exclusive experimental data from phys.Rev.C.85,065810(2012).The reaction rate enhancement due to the cascade transitions is observed from T_(9)>0.3 and reaches the maximum factor~1.3 at T_(9)=1.3.we present the Gamow energy window and a comparison of rates for radiative proton capture reactions ^(12)n(p,γ)^(13)O,^(13)n(p,γ)^(14)O,^(14)n(p,γ)^(15)O,and ^(15)n(p,γ)^(16)O obtained in the framework of the mpCm and provide the temperature windows,prevalence,and significance of each process.

关键词： low and astrophysical energies p^(15)n system thermonuclear reaction rate potential cluster model CnO-cycle

magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy launch with remote telemedicine international proctorship

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Chronic Diseases and Translational medicine 2024年第1期10卷 40-50页

作者： Igor V.Buzaev Rezida m.Galimova Dinara I.nabiullina Sergey n.Illarioshkin naufal Sh.Zagidullin Shamil m.Safin Department of Surgery Bashkir State Medical UniversityUfaRussia Intelligent neurosurgery Clinic Ltd.International Medical Center V.S.Buzaev memorialUfaRussia Directorate Research Center of NeurologyVolokolamskoye ShosseMoscowRussia

Background: COVID-19 limitations have hindered the implementation of new technologies by preventing proctors from coming to the site.we share our first experience of magnetic resonance imaging(mRI)-guided focused ultrasound(mRgFUS)treatment with an international remote online proctorship,and develop and evaluate the methodology of remote mRgFUS proctorship.methods: This single-center,nonrandomized controlled prospective study included 94 patients:27 with essential tremor(ET)and 67 with tremor-dominant parkinson's disease(pD).The coming of proctors was impossible,so we arranged for the remote participation of proctors from the United Kingdom,Spain,and Israel.A total of 38 patients(40.4%)received telemedicine-proctored treatment(proctor group)and 56 received their treatment independently(solo group).we used the Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor(CRST)for ET patients and the Unified parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UpDRS)part III for pD patients.Results: In patients with ET,success rates were 81.8%(proctor group)and 100%(solo group)(p=0.22).CRST reduction on the treated side was 71.43%[65.83%;80.56%](proctor group)versus 60.87%[53.99;79.58](solo group)(p=0.19).none of the patients showed worsening of tremors within 1 year.In patients with pD,the success rates were 92.6%(proctor group)and 100%(solo group)(p=0.08).The UpDRS part III improvement was 30.1%(proctor group)versus 39.9%(solo group)(p=0.003).The 1-year recurrence rate was 40%(proctor group)and 17.5%(solo group)(p=0.04).no complications were observed at 6 months.Conclusions: we developed a feasible and safe methodology for telemedicine remote online-proctored mRgFUS treatment.no significant difference was observed between the solo and developed remote proctor protocols in terms of complication rate,effect,and long-term results;however,UpDRS part III improvement was better in the pD solo group.This study demonstrated that the mRgFUS international proctorship can be performed successfully remotely.

关键词： essential tremor mRgFUS parkinson's disease proctor telemedicine

Detection of 4p16.3 deletion and 11p15.5p15.4 gain in a boy by comparative genomic hybridization array:A case report

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world Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1517-1522页

作者： Işın Kaya medical Genetics Bakırçay UniversityÇiğli Education ve Training Hospitalİzmir 35620Turkey

BACKGROUnD nonallelic homologous recombination(nAHR)of segmental duplications or low copy repeats(LCRs)result in DnA gain/loss and play an important role in the origin of genomic disorders.CASE SUmmARY A 3-year-old boy was referred for genetic analysis.Comparative genomic hybrid-ization array analysis revealed a loss of 3776 kb in the 4p16.3 chromosomal region and a gain of 3201 kb in the 11p15.5p15.4 chromosomal region.COnCLUSIOn Genomic imbalances caused by nAHR in LCRs result in deletion and duplication syndromes.

关键词： wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome Silver-Russell syndrome Recurrent rearrangements Case report