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Light-activated tautomeric transition enhanced buried heterointerface for highly efficient and ultraviolet robust perovskite solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Sheng Jiang Shaobing Xiong Shuaifei Mao Yefan Zhang Dongyang Zhao Xiaomeng You vladimir Gaishun Dmitry Kovalenk Qinye Bao School of Physics and Electronic Science East China Normal University Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of OptoelectronicsFudan University Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Soochow University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance East China Normal University Department of Physics and Information Technologies Francisk Skorina Gomel State University Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University

The buried heterointerface of perovskite solar cells（PSCs） suffers from serious nonradiative recombination and ultraviolet（UV）light stress, relentlessly limiting further increase in their power conversion efficiency and operational stability. Herein, we develop an emerging strategy of incorporating a thin UV-activated tautomeric transition layer onto underlying charge transport layer and then depositing perovskite layer to construct an efficient hole-selective buried heterojunction. It is revealed that the UV-activated tautomeric transition interlayer not only improves upper perovskite crystallinity, diminishes thermionic loss for collecting hole and passivates defect site at such buried contact that significantly promote charge transport and suppress nonradiative recombination, but also effectively protects adjacent perovskite from UV degradation through “UV sunscreen”effect. As a result, we report a remarkably enhanced efficiency of 24.76% compared to 22.02% of the control device. More importantly, the achieved high-efficiency PSC features excellent resistance against UV radiation at 365 nm of 100 and 850 mW cm-2, which are approximately 21 and 184 times of UV flux(4.6 mW cm-2) under AM 1.5G solar illumination. This work provides a promising approach of strengthening buried heterointerface for simultaneous realization of highly efficient and UV robust PSCs.

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Contribution to the Characterization of Laterites Developed on Granitic Rock in Mbanga (Littoral-Cameroon): Significance in the Sustainable Pavements Design

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第3期12卷 181-191页

作者： Willy Chance Guimezap Kenou vladimir Willianov Keubou Tatapzia Bertile Ilalie Manefouet Institut Universitaire de la cô te P&#244le de Recherche de l&#8217Inovation et de l&#8217Entreprenariat (PRIE) Douala Cameroun Faculty of Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

The materials studied were lateritic soils from Souza-Mbanga-Cameroon, with a view to their better use in road geotechnics. In order to achieve the set objective, the work was carried out in two phases, firstly in the field, to provide a morpho-structural description of the soil profiles, followed by a laboratory phase to analyse the samples collected in the field. The results of the physical characterisation of the soil samples show that, for average values, the water content is 9.87%, the percentage of fines 48%, the plasticity index 21.6%, the liquidity limit 50.91%, and the consistency index 1.97. These soils are classified as silty sands in the LCPC classification and as fine soils in the GTR classification. The average value of the maximum dry density is 1.81 g/cm3 and that of the water content at the modified Proctor optimum is 16.24%. The CBR index is between 1.8% and 17.8%, showing that these soils belong to classes S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5. Souza-Mbanga lateritic soils can be used in their natural state as subgrades.

关键词： Soils Souza-Mbanga Characterisation CBR

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δ相诱导GH4169合金楔横轧心部缺陷形成机理

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材料科学与工艺 2024年

作者：甘洪岩程明刘家旭宋鸿武 vladimir Petrenko 张士宏沈阳职业技术学院中国科学院金属研究所白俄罗斯科学院物理技术研究所

楔横轧工艺中常见的心部缺陷问题限制了该工艺在航空航天领域的发展。针对此问题，以GH4169合金楔横轧件为实验对象，采用OM、SEM对轧件的微观组织进行表征，并在轧制前预析出不同含量的δ相，探讨δ相含量对心部缺陷形成的影响。同时... 详细信息

楔横轧工艺中常见的心部缺陷问题限制了该工艺在航空航天领域的发展。针对此问题，以GH4169合金楔横轧件为实验对象，采用OM、SEM对轧件的微观组织进行表征，并在轧制前预析出不同含量的δ相，探讨δ相含量对心部缺陷形成的影响。同时，借助有限元数值模拟软件对楔横轧过程中轧件的金属流动、应力、应变等演化规律进行分析。结果表明：楔横轧成形过程中预析出的短小片层状δ相会发生球化行为，转变成短棒状和颗粒状δ相。其中，完全球化的δ相对轧件心部缺陷无明显影响，而未完全球化的片层状δ相在楔横轧过程中因为轴向拉应力和周向剪切应力的共同作用易成为心部裂纹源，导致轧件心部出现缺陷。此外，在分析金属流动规律时发现，轧件心部的金属在径向有异常流动的趋势，且存在异常流动临界半径。

关键词： GH4169合金楔横轧心部缺陷 δ相临界半径

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Gut Microbiota and Cytokine Profile in Cirrhosis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第8期12卷 689-700页

作者： Irina Efremova Roman Maslennikov Anna Kudryavtseva Anastasia Avdeeva George Krasnov Mikhail Diatroptov Vyacheslav Bakhitov Salekh Aliev Natalia Sedova Maria Fedorova Elena Poluektova Oxana Zolnikova Nariman Aliev Anna Levshina vladimir Ivashkin Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologySechenov UniversityMoscowRussia Post-Genomic Research Laboratory Engelhardt Institute of Molecular BiologyRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia V.A.Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology MoscowRussia Consultative and Diagnostic Center 2 of the Moscow Health Department MoscowRussia First Hospital Surgery Department Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityMoscowRussia Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics FGBOU DPO“Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation”MoscowRussia The Interregional Public Organization“Scientific Community for the Promotion of the Clinical Study” MoscowRussia

Background and Aims:Gut dysbiosis and abnormal cytokine profiles are common in *** study aimed to evaluate the correlations between ***:In the blood plasma of cirrhosis patients and controls,27 cytokines were examined using a multiplex *** plasma levels of nitrites(stable metabolites of the endothelial dysfunction biomarker nitric oxide)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)were *** fecal microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA gene ***:Levels of IL-1b,IL-2,IL-6,IL-13,IP-10,IFN-g,TNF-a,LPS,and nitrites were higher in cirrhosis patients than in controls,while levels of IL-4,IL-7,and PDGF-BB were *** LPS level was directly correlated with the levels of IL-1b,IL1-Ra,IL-9,IL-17,PDGF-BB,IL-6,TNF-a,and *** nitrite level was significantly directly correlated with the levels of TNF-a,GM-CSF,IL-17,and IL-12,and inversely correlated with the IL-7 ***-a levels were directly correlated with ascites severity and the abundance of Negativicutes,Enterobacteriaceae,Veillonellaceae,and Klebsiella,while inversely correlated with the abundance of Firmicutes,Clostridia,and ***-g levels were directly correlated with the abundance of Bacteroidaceae,Lactobacillaceae,Bacteroides,and Megasphaera,and inversely correlated with the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota,Akkermansiaceae,Coriobacteriaceae,Akkermansia,Collinsella,and ***-1b levels were directly correlated with the abundance of Comamonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae and inversely correlated with the abundance of Marinifilaceae and ***-6 levels were directly correlated with the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae,hepatic encephalopathy,and ascites severity,and inversely correlated with the abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae,Streptococcaceae,and ***:The abundance of harmful gut microbiota taxa and endotoxinemia directly correlates with the levels of proinflammatory cytokines.

关键词： Endotoxin Leaky gut Gut microbiome Systemic inflammation Gut-liver axis Endotoxemia

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Increasing the Efficiency and Level of Environmental Safety of Pro-Environmental City Heat Supply Technologies by Low Power Nuclear Plants

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2024年第2期14卷 107-117页

作者： vladimir Kravchenko Igor Kozlov Volodymyr Vashchenko Iryna Korduba Andrew Overchenko Serhii Tsybytovskyi Department of Nuclear Power Plants Odesa Polytechnic National University Odesa Ukraine Interdepartmental Scientific Center for Fundamental Research on Energy and Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine &#8220Odesa Polytechnic&#8221 and Ministry of Ecology of Ukraine Odesa Ukraine Department of Environmental Protection and Labor Protection Technologies Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Kyiv Ukraine

In connection with the current prospect of decarbonization of coal energy through the use of small nuclear power plants (SNPPs) at existing TPPs as heat sources for heat supply to municipal heating networks, there is a technological need to improve heat supply schemes to increase their environmental friendliness and efficiency. The paper proves the feasibility of using the heat-feeding mode of ASHPs for urban heat supply by heating the network water with steam taken from the turbine. The ratio of electric and thermal power of a “nuclear” combined heat and power plant is given. The advantage of using a heat pump, which provides twice as much electrical power with the same heat output, is established. Taking into account that heat in these modes is supplied with different potential, the energy efficiency was used to compare these options. To increase the heat supply capacity, a scheme with the use of a high-pressure heater in the backpressure mode and with the heating of network water with hot steam was proposed. Heat supply from ASHPs is efficient and environmentally friendly even in the case of significant remoteness of heat consumers.

关键词： Low-Capacity Nuclear Power Plants Environmental Friendliness of the Thermal Power Generation Mode Heat Generation Condensation Mode Heat Supply

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Presepsin as a biomarker of bacterial translocation and an indicator for the prescription of probiotics in cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 822-831页

作者： Irina Efremova Roman Maslennikov Elena Poluektova Oleg Medvedev Anna Kudryavtseva George Krasnov Maria Fedorova Filipp Romanikhin Maria Zharkova Oxana Zolnikova Gyunay Bagieva vladimir Ivashkin Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologySechenov UniversityMoscow 119435Russia Department of Scientific Scientific Community for the Promotion of the Clinical Study of the Human MicrobiomeMoscow 119435Russia Department of Pharmacology Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119192Russia Department of Post-Genomic Research Laboratory Engelhardt Institute of Molecular BiologyRussian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119991Russia

BACKGROUND The gut–liver axis and bacterial translocation are important in cirrhosis,but there is no available universal biomarker of cellular bacterial translocation,for which presepsin may be a *** To evaluate the relationship of the blood presepsin levels with the state of the gut microbiota in cirrhosis in the absence of obvious *** This study included 48 patients with Child–Pugh cirrhosis classes B and C and 15 healthy *** fecal microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA gene *** levels of presepsin were measured.A total of 22 patients received a probiotic(Saccharomyces boulardii)for 3 *** Presepsin levels were higher in patients with cirrhosis than in healthy individuals[342(91-2875)vs 120(102-141)pg/mL;P=0.048].Patients with elevated presepsin levels accounted for 56.3%of all included *** had lower levels of serum albumin and higher levels of serum total bilirubin and overall severity of cirrhosis as assessed using the Child–Pugh *** with elevated presepsin levels had an increased abundance of the main taxa responsible for bacterial translocation,namely Bacilli and Proteobacteria(including the main class Gammaproteobacteria and the minor taxa Xanthobacteraceae and Stenotrophomonas),and a low abundance of bacteria from the family Lachnospiraceae(including the minor genus Fusicatenibacter),which produce short-chain fatty acids that have a positive effect on intestinal barrier *** presepsin level directly correlated with the relative abundance of Bacilli,Proteobacteria,and inversely correlated with the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and *** 3 months of taking the probiotic,the severity of cirrhosis on the Child–Pugh scale decreased significantly only in the group with elevated presepsin levels[from 9(8-11)to 7(6-9);P=0.004],while there were no significant changes in the group with normal presepsin levels[from 8(7-8)to 7(6-8);P=0.123].A high level of presepsin

关键词： Dysbiosis Gut Intestinal permeability Leaky gut Gut-liver axis Liver Microbiota

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Pulsed THz radiation under ultrafast optical discharge of vacuum photodiode

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期 100-113页

作者： Aleksandr A.Ushakov Kseniia A.Mamaeva Leonid V.Seleznev Georgy E.Rizaev vladimir Bukin Timophey V.Dolmatov Pavel A.Chizhov vladimir Bagdasarov Sergey V.Garnov Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Physical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical Information

In this paper, we first present an experimental demonstration of terahertz radiation pulse generation with energy up to 5 pJ under the electron emission during ultrafast optical discharge of a vacuum photodiode. We use a femtosecond optical excitation of metallic copper photocathode for the generation of ultrashort electron bunch and up to 45 kV/cm external electric field for the photo-emitted electron acceleration. Measurements of terahertz pulses energy as a function of emitted charge density, incidence angle of optical radiation and applied electric field have been provided. Spectral and polarization characteristics of generated terahertz pulses have also been studied. The proposed semi-analytical model and simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics prove the experimental data and allow for the optimization of experimental conditions aimed at flexible control of radiation parameters.

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Diagnosis of West Nile virus infections:Evaluation of different laboratory methods

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 51-61页

作者： Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Maja Bogdanic vladimir Savic Zeljka Hruskar Ljubo Barbic vladimir Stevanovic Ljiljana Antolasic Ljiljana Milasincic Dario Sabadi Gorana Miletic Ivona Coric Anna Mrzljak Eddy Listes Giovanni Savini Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Poultry Center Croatian Veterinary InstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital Center OsijekOsijek 31000Croatia Medical Faculty Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of OsijekOsijek 31000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Center ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Croatian Veterinary Institute Veterinary Institute SplitSplit 21000Croatia OIE Reference Center for West Nile Disease Istituto Zooprofilattico SperimentaleG.CaporaleTeramo 64100Italy

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of West Nile virus(WNV)is challenging due to short-term and low-level viremia,flavivirus cross-reactivity,and long immunoglobulin M(IgM)*** To evaluate different methods for WNV detection[reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),IgM/IgG antibodies,IgG avidity]in serum,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),and urine samples of patients with confirmed WNV *** The study included patients with confirmed WNV neuroinvasive infection(n=62),asymptomatic WNV seropositive individuals(n=22),and individuals with false-positive WNV IgM antibodies(n=30).WNV RNA was detected using RT-PCR.A commercial ELISA was used to detect WNV IgM/IgG antibodies with confirmation of cross-reactive samples using a virus neutralization test(VNT).IgG-positive samples were tested for IgG *** The WNV-RNA detection rates were significantly higher in the urine(54.5%)/serum(46.4%)than in CSF(32.2%).According to the sampling time,the WNV-RNA detection rates in urine collected within 7 days/8-14/≥15 days were 29.4/66.6/62.5%(P=0.042).However,these differences were not observed in the *** median RT-PCR cycle threshold values were significantly lower in urine(32.5,IQR=28-34)than in CSF(34.5,IQR=33-36).The frequency of positive WNV IgM and IgG significantly differed according to the sampling time in serum but not in *** IgM/IgG antibodies were detected in 84.3/9.3%of serum samples collected within 7 days,100/71.1%of samples collected 8-14,and 100%samples collected after≥15 *** WNV infection was confirmed by low/borderline avidity index(AI)in 13.6%of asymptomatic individuals.A correlation between ELISA and AI was strong negative for IgM and strong positive for *** significant correlation between ELISA IgG and VNT was *** The frequency of WNV RNA and antibody detection depends on the sampling time and type of clinical *** avidity could differentiate recent WNV infections from long-persisting IgM antibo

关键词： West Nile virus Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction Serology IgG avidity Cross-reactivity

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A rare case of cardiac and ophthalmic manifestations of meningococcal septicemia

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 328-330页

作者： Svetlana Rachina Anastasia Shchendrygina Heshan Radeesha de Silva Svetlana Tarasenko Nadezhda Mukhina Irina Komarova Ludmila Fedina Elena Burmistrova Elvira Martens Sergey Sidorenko vladimir Gostev Dmitry Polev Alina Saitova Lyudmila Kraeva Nikita Goncharov Irina Zvetkova Department of Hospital Therapy I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow 119048Russia Outpatient Clinic#64 Moscow 119048Russia Department of Cardiology City Clinical Hospital n.a.S.S.YudinMoscow 119048Russia Department of Medical Microbiology and Molecular Epidemiology Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for InfectiousDiseasesSaint Petersburg 197022Russia Department of Medical Microbiology North-Western State Medical University Named After I.I.MechnikovSaintPetersburg 191015Russia Department of Epidemiology Saint-Petersburg Pasteur InstituteSaint Petersburg 197101Russia

Acute pericarditis is usually a self-limiting disorder that commonly occurs due to viral etiology or unexplained *** pericarditis(MP)is a remarkably uncommon clinical entity that manifests as a complication during the acute or convalescent phase of meningococcal ***,its occurrence within the context of meningococcal septicemia has also been *** report a rare case of a previously healthy male patient who developed both acute pericarditis and uveitis as a presentation of meningococcal septicemia,with no characteristic skin rashes or meningeal signs.

关键词： acute Acute rare

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Evaluating the Efficacy of Cervical Tactile Ultrasound Technique as a Predictive Tool for Spontaneous Preterm Birth

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 832-846页

作者： vladimir Egorov Todd Rosen Jennifer Hill Meena Khandelwal Victors Kurtenoks Brendan Francy Noune Sarvazyan Advanced Tactile Imaging Inc. Ewing New Jersey USA Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School New Brunswick New Jersey USA Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Camden New Jersey USA

Background: Premature cervical softening and shortening may be considered an early mechanical failure that predispose to preterm birth. Purpose: This study aims to explore the applicability of an innovative cervical tactile ultrasound approach for predicting spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). Materials and Methods: Eligible participants were women with low-risk singleton pregnancies in their second trimester, enrolled in this prospective observational study. A Cervix Monitor (CM) device was designed with a vaginal probe comprising four tactile sensors and a single ultrasound transducer operating at 5 MHz. The probe enabled the application of controllable pressure to the external cervical surface, facilitating the acquisition of stress-strain data from both anterior and posterior cervical sectors. Gestational age at delivery was recorded and compared against cervical elasticity. Results: CM examination data were analyzed for 127 women at 240/7 - 286/7 gestational weeks. sPTB was observed in 6.3% of the cases. The preterm group exhibited a lower average cervical stress-to-strain ratio (elasticity) of 0.70 ± 0.26 kPa/mm compared to the term group’s 1.63 ± 0.65 kPa/mm with a p-value of 1.1 × 10−4. Diagnostic accuracy for predicting spontaneous preterm birth based solely on cervical elasticity data was found to be 95.0% (95% CI, 88.5 - 100.0). Conclusion: These findings suggest that measuring cervical elasticity with the designed tactile ultrasound probe has the potential to predict spontaneous preterm birth in a cost-effective manner.

关键词： Cervical Elasticity Spontaneous Preterm Birth Tactile Ultrasound Probe

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