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Microbial resistance to nanotechnologies:An important but understudied consideration using antimicrobial nanotechnologies in orthopaedic implants

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第10期7卷 249-270页

作者： Zhuoran Wu Brian Chan Jessalyn low Justin Jang Hann Chu Hwee Weng Dennis Hey Andy Tay Institute of Health Innovation&Technology National University of Singapore117599Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore117583Singapore Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore117599Singapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore117545Singapore Infectious Disease Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore117547Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology 35 Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research138673Singapore National University Health System National University of Singapore119228Singapore Tissue Engineering Programme National University of Singapore117510Singapore

Microbial resistance to current antibiotics therapies is a major cause of implant failure and adverse clinical outcomes in orthopaedic *** developments in advanced antimicrobial nanotechnologies provide numerous opportunities to effective remove resistant bacteria and prevent resistance from occurring through unique *** tunable physicochemical properties,nanomaterials can be designed to be bactericidal,antifouling,immunomodulating,and capable of delivering antibacterial compounds to the infection region with spatiotemporal *** its substantial advancement,an important,but under-explored area,is potential microbial resistance to nanomaterials and how this can impact the clinical use of antimicrobial *** review aims to provide a better understanding of nanomaterial-associated microbial resistance to accelerate bench-to-bedside translations of emerging nanotechnologies for effective control of implant associated infections.

关键词： Bacterial infection Orthopaedic implant Microbial resistance Nanomaterial Antimicrobial nanotechnology

Distribution and Mobility of Zn,Pb and Cd in a Sewage Sludge-Amended Soil

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2013年第8期3卷 347-355页

作者： Dominique Proust vivien Mathe Francois Leveque LIENSs UMR 7266 CNRS-Universite de La Rochelle La RochelleFrance

The distribution of the metallic trace elements (MTE) Zn, Pb and Cd in a sludge-amended soil and their partitioning in specific soil microystems are studied by comparing their contents in amended and control soils. This comparison is achieved at the metric scale of the bulk soil horizons and at the micrometric scale of the weathering microsites (weathering rock-forming minerals and their specific weathered products). The chemical analyses of the MTE in the bulk samples do not show any anthropic contamination of the amended soil with repeated sewage sludge spreading. The chemical analyses of the

关键词： Soil Metallic Trace Elements Heavy Metals Clay Minerals

Durable easy-cleaning and antibacterial cotton fabrics using fluorine-free silane coupling agents and CuO nanoparticles

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Nano Materials Science 2020年第3期2卷 281-291页

作者： Neha Agrawal Pearlie Sijia low Jasmine Si Jia Tan Eileen Wen Mei Fong Yuekun Lai Zhong Chen School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116PR China College of Textile and Clothing Engineering Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123PR China

Multifunctional fabrics of high durability through a scalable and eco-friendly technique remains a great challenge hindering their *** this work,we report a facile synthesis technique for the fabrication of superhydrophobic antibacterial fabrics by employing fluorine-free silane coupling agents as cross-linkers for enhanced *** silane cross-linkers,Aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane(AEAPTMS),Aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES),and Methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane(MPTMS),have been *** the fabrication,a low surface energy polymer,polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)was first deposited on cotton ***,antibacterial copper oxide(CuO)nanoparticles were anchored on the PDMS coated fabrics using the silane *** as-prepared fabrics displayed high superhydrophobicity and antibacterial performance with water contact angle(WCA)>153,water shedding angle(WSA)<5,and up to 99%antibacterial ***,the as-prepared fabrics displayed high durability against abrasion,ultrasonic washing,and soaking in harsh chemical *** air permeability and flexibility of the fabric was not compromised after the *** above-reported technique is simple,cost-effective and holds tremendous potential for large-scale production of energy-saving clothing and healthcare products.

关键词： Cotton fabric Superhydrophobic Easy cleaning Antibacterial CuO nanoparticles

HERBICIDES THAT INHIBIT ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第1期9卷 155-160页

作者： Thierry LONHIENNE Mario Daniel GARCIA Yu Shang low Luke W.GUDDAT School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience The University of QueenslandQueensland 4072Australia

1 INTRODUCTION Herbicides are an essential pillar in modern agricultural *** are used to selectively reduce the growth of weeds in crops and natural *** weed mitigating chemicals date back to Roman times and include substances as simple as table salt,sulfuric acid and carbon ***,these were non-selective,required high application rates and could be toxic not only to the target weeds but to other plants and to *** first major advance in the development of tailored herbicides began in the mid 1940s with the development of the first organic growth regulators such as 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D)[1].The next major advance came in the 1970s with the discovery of glyphosate[2],marketed as Roundup,a herbicide that is routinely used to eradicate broad leaf weeds and grasses.

关键词： crops weed routine

Locomotion and Depth Control of Robotic Fish with Modular Undulating Fins

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2006年第4期3卷 348-357页

作者： Kin Huat low School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Republic of Singapore

This paper presents an environmental-friendly robotic system mimicking the undulating fins of a *** mimic the actual flexible fin of real fish,a fin-like mechanism with a series of connecting linkages is modeled and attached to the robotic fish,by virtue of a specially designed *** link is able to turn and slide with respect to the adjacent *** driving linkages are then used to form a mechanical fin consisting of several fin segments,which are able to produce undulations,similar to those produced by the actual fish *** to the modular and re-configurable design of the mechanical fin,we are able to construct biomimetic robotic fish with various swimming modes by fin *** qualitative and workspace observations by experiments of the robotic fish are shown and discussed.

关键词： Fin mechanisms locomotion depth control workspace undulating fins modular and re-configurable

A Highly Efficient Agrobacterium-Mediated Method for Transient Gene Expression and Functional Studies in Multiple Plant Species

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Plant Communications 2020年第5期1卷 129-140页

作者： Youjun Zhang Moxian Chen Beata Siemiatkowska Mitchell Rey Toleco Yue Jing vivien Strotmann Jianghua Zhang Yvonne Stahl Alisdair R.Fernie Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 PlovdivBulgaria Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist Universityand State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong Institute for Developmental Genetics Heinrich Heine UniversityDusseldorfGermany

Although the use of stable transformation technology has led to great insight into gene function,its application in high-throughput studies remains ***-infiltration have been widely used in species such as Nicotiana benthamiana for the rapid detection of gene expression and protein interaction analysis,but this technique does not work efficiently in other plant species,including Arabidopsis *** an efficient high-throughput transient expression system is currently lacking in the model plant species ***,we developed a method that is characterized by high efficiency,reproducibility,and suitability for transient expression of a variety of functional proteins in *** and 7 other plant species,including Brassica oleracea,Capsella rubella,Thellungiella salsuginea,Thellungiella halophila,Solanum tuberosum,Capsicum annuum,and *** of this method was independently verified in three independent research facilities,pointing to the robustness of this ***,in addition to demonstrating the utility of this technique in a range of species,we also present a case study employing this method to assess protein–protein interactions in the sucrose biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis.

关键词： transient expression agro-infiltration subcellular localization protein-protein interaction

Silicon slow light photonic crystals structures:present achievements and future trends

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2011年第3期4卷 243-253页

作者： Eric CASSAN Xavier LE ROUX Charles CAER Ran HAO Damien BERNIER Delphine MARRIS-MORINI Laurent vivien Institut d'Electronique Fondamentale Université Paris-Sud CNRS UMR 8622

Slow light in planar photonic structures has attracted for some years an increasing interest due to amazing physical effects it allows or reinforces and to the degrees of freedom it raises for designing new optical functions. Controlling light group velocity is achieved through the use of periodical optical media obtained by nano-structuration of semiconductor wafers at the scale of light wavelength: the so-called photonic crystals. This article reviews present achievements realized in the field of slow light photonic bandgap structures, including the physical principles of slow light to the description of the most advanced integrated optical devices relying on *** and current hot topics related to slow light are discussed to highlight the balance between the advantages and drawbacks of using slow waves in integrated photonic structures. Then, future trends are described, which is focused on the use of slow wave slot waveguides for nonlinear optics and bio-photonic applications.

关键词： slow light photonic crystals silicon photonics integrated optical devices

Antiviral activity of traditional Chinese medicinal plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Morus alba against dengue virus

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第4期19卷 1085-1096页

作者： Maqsood MARYAM Kian Keong TE Fai Chu WONG Tsun Thai CHAI Gary K K low Seng Chiew GAN Hui Yee CHEE Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Faculty of Natural Sciences SBK Women's University QuettaBalochistan 87300Pakistan Department of Chinese Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusKajang 43000Malaysia Department of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Kampar Campus)Kampar 31900Malaysia Department of Population Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia

Dengue virus(DENV) has emerged as a major virus that is spread by mosquitoes. Recently, it has spread to more than a hundred nations but continues to lack specific treatable medication. Many traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM) plants are in practice for dengue fever in dengue endemic regions. These traditional medicines persevere with treatments, which modern medicines lack. The study aims to substantiate the anti-dengue potential of some traditional herbs and make them available for further studies to facilitate TCM users. Twelve TCM plants aqueous extracts were evaluated, which are described as cool herbs used for the diseases with high fever. Lead plants were established through detailed in vitro foci forming unit reduction analysis(FFURA) against all four serotypes and validated through quantitative real-time RT-PCR(q RT-PCR). Four plants potentially inhibited the virus in primary phenotypic in vitro evaluation. Two lead plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma(DC) and Morus alba(MA) were identified with half minimal inhibitory concentration(IC50) 130 and 221 μg m L^-1, respectively, while the selectivity indices(SI) were 4.21 and 4.62, respectively. Lead plants equally inhibited all four serotypes of DENV. Time-of-addition analysis suggested that, DC was active at later stages of viral replication, whereas MA was active during the early stages and even showed some prophylactic activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC/MS) analysis revealed presence of flavonoids. DC and MA are identified as potential anti-dengue plants, active against varied stages of dengue virus replication cycle. These results may serve as the base knowledge for further investigation on their combined treatments or integrative treatment with western medicines, which may improve the overall anti-dengue activity in future.

关键词： dengue virus traditional Chinese medicines TCM complementary medicines plant extracts anti-dengue

Evaluation of the reducing potential of PSMA-containing endosomes by FRET imaging

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第1期4卷 223-232页

作者： Chelvam Venkatesh Jiayin Shen Karson S.Putt Philip S.low Discipline of Chemistry Indian Institute of TechnologyMadhya PradeshIndore 453552India Discipline of Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyMadhya PradeshIndore 453552India Department of Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Institute for Drug Discovery Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Aim:Ligand-targeted therapeutics are experiencing increasing use for treatment of human diseases due to their ability to concentrate a desired drug at a pathologic site while reducing accumulation in healthy *** many ligand-targeted drug conjugates,a critical aspect of conjugate design lies in engineering release of the therapeutic payload to occur only after its internalization by targeted *** disulfide bond reduction is frequently exploited to ensure intracellular drug release,an understanding of the redox properties of endocytic compartments can be critical to ligand-targeted drug *** the redox properties of folate receptor trafficking endosomes have been previously reported,little is known about the trafficking of prostate-specific membrane antigen(PSMA),a receptor that is experiencing increasing use for drug targeting in ***:To obtain this information,we have constructed a PSMA-targeted fluorescence resonance energy transfer pair that reports on disulfide bond reduction by changing fluorescence from red to ***:We show here that this reporter exhibits rapid and selective uptake by PSMA-positive cells,and that reduction of its disulfide bond proceeds steadily but incompletely following *** fact that maximal disulfide reduction reaches only~50%,even after 24 h incubation,suggests that roughly half of the conjugates must traffic through endosomes that display no reducing ***:As the level of disulfide reduction differs between PSMA trafficked and previously published folate trafficked conjugates,it also follows that not all internalizing receptors are translocated through similar intracellular *** together,these data suggest that the efficiency of disulfide bond reduction must be independently analyzed for each receptor trafficking pathway when disulfide bond reduction is exploited for intracellular drug release.

关键词： DUPA prostate-specific membrane antigen endosomes endocytosis