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Sicilian serpentinite xenoliths containing abiotic organics with nanodiamond clusters as key model for prebiotic processes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 255-263页

作者： Sergei K.Simakov vittorio Scribano Nikolai N.Mel’Nik Germana Barone LLC“ADAMANT”Skolkovo Participant Tikhoretsky 10/1-61St.Petersburg194064Russia Department of Biological Geological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CataniaCorso Italia 55-I-95129 CataniaItaly Lebedev Physics Institute Russian Academy of SciencesLeninsky Pr.53Moscow119991Russia

Rock fragments from the deepest parts of a buried hydrothermal system belonging to the Mesozoic Tethys Ocean entered as xenoliths in a Miocenic diatreme,hence brought to the surface,in the Hyblean Plateau(Sicily).Some xenoliths consist of strongly serpentinized ultramafic rocks bearing blebs of abiotic organic matter,where clusters of amorphous carbon nanoparticles,including nanodiamonds,are *** an occurrence conjures up established hypotheses that diamond surfaces are suitable catalytic platforms stimulating the assemblage of complex bio-organic molecules relevant to the emergence of life on *** appearance of bio-organic molecules under primitive Earth conditions is one of the major unsolved questions on the origin of *** we report new micro-Raman spectra on blebs of abiotic organic matter from a selected *** bands were related to hydrogenated nanocrystalline diamonds,with size of nearly 1-1.6 nm,formed from organics at low pressures and *** particular,diamond surfaces can give rise to crystalline interfacial water layers that may have played a fundamental role in the early biosphere evolution as a good medium for rapidly transporting positive charges in the form of hydrated ***,proton gradients in alkaline hydrothermal vents along oceanic ridges are generally viewed as key pre-biotic *** general,serpentinites span the entire geological record,including prebiotic *** hydrous ultramafic rocks often display evidence of abiotic carbon species,both organic and inorganic,including nanodiamonds,being also capable to give rise to chemiosmotic processes and proton gradients necessary to the organisms,such as the"Last Universal Common Ancestor"(LUCA),in the prebiotic Earth.

关键词： Hydrothermal systems Nanocarbons Sulfides Fr-t synthesis Abiogenesis LUCA,Sicily Micro-Raman

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Pancreatic involvement in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第3期11卷 207-211页

作者： Sabrina Cardile Antonino Randazzo Simona Valenti Claudio romano Department of Pediatrics IBD UnitUniversity of Messina Via Consolare ValeriaMessina 98125Italy

Background:Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs)are a group of chronic diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract,with a disabling *** incidence of IBDs is increasing in different geographical areas,indicating its emergence as a global disease,especially in *** patients with IBDs develop extraintestinal manifestations(EIMs)during follow-up,as IBDs have a potential risk of systemic involvement..Data sources:A systematic review of the literature was made to analyze latest studies on pancreatic involvement in children with IBD including our experience in assessing possible implications and its future ***:The involvement of the hepatobiliary system is considered a rare EIM of children with IBD,with an incidence much higher than that in the general *** pancreatic hyperenzymemia,which occurs in the absence of typical symptoms and/or characteristic imaging findings,may be found in many patients with *** frequent causes of pancreatitis are drugs,bilio-pancreatic disorders,immunologic disturbances and pancreatic auto-antibodies,although in some cases idiopathic forms have been ***:It is important to establish a correct diagnostic approach based on etiology and to assess the most appropriate therapeutic strategy,thus avoiding complications and improving the quality of life of children with IBD.

关键词： Crohn's disease extraintestinal manifestations inflammatory bowel diseases pancreatitis ulcerative colitis

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Advancing computer-generated holographic display thanks to diffraction model-driven deep nets

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第1期7卷 1-3页

作者： vittorio Bianco Pietro Ferraro CNR-ISASI Institute of Applied Sciences&Intelligent Systems Viale Campi Flegrei 3480078 Pozzuoli(Na)Italy

Advancements are reported in computer-generated holography proofing RGB 4K display through a new strategy based on diffraction model-driven deep networks. In the new 4K-DMDNet, the network is not a “black box” anymore. Rather, the input-output relation must obey to the physics of wavefront propagation, which is embedded here as a constraint. Thus, a labelled dataset is not required, and the model shows superior generalization capabilities with respect to data-driven approaches. The method is promising for the new generation of RGB 4K holographic display, as well as augmented and virtual reality systems.

关键词： holographic generalization constraint

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Some aspects on the sampling efficiency of microbial impaction air samplers

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Particuology 2015年第3期13卷 110-113页

作者： Francesco romano Jan Gusten Cesare M.Joppolo Bengt Ljungqvist Berit Reinmuller Dipartimento di Energia Politecnico di Milanovia Lambruschini 420156 MilanItaly Building Services Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologyMaskingrand 2.SE-41296 GothenburgSweden

Indoor microbial monitoring is an important health issue in many sectors of society. In particular, it is important to monitor microbial concentrations in environments dealing with bio-susceptible products. Many human diseases are related to high, undesired microbial airborne concentrations. However, the lack of a standardized and well-accepted methodology for testing and ranking the performance of microbial air samplers is a source of uncertainty in such measurements. Several works clearly show that results obtained from microbial air sampling depend largely on measuring techniques, especially the air sampiers＇ physical parameters, such as d50, as well as environmental conditions, sources, and concentrations of microbial organisms in the environment. Furthermore, personnel using cleanroom clothing can reduce the microbial burden within a clean environment. To evaluate this effect, we carried out experimental comparison tests in a cleanroom of class ISO 5 with different air samplers under various microbial concentration levels, generated by a human source dressed in different quality cleanroom clothing. Our results confirm that in addition to the measuring technique, cleanroorn clothing does influence microbial contamination, affecting air samoler measurements.

关键词： Indoor microbial monitoringSampling efficiencylmpaction air samplerAirborne contaminationCleanroom clothing systemd5o

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Wing-fanning frequency as a releaser boosting male mating success— High-speed video analysis of courtship behavior in Campoplex capitator, a parasitoid of Lobesia botrana

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Insect Science 2020年第6期27卷 1298-1310页

作者： Giovanni Benelli Renato Ricciardi Donato romano Francesca Cosci Cesare Stefanini Andrea Lucchi Department of Agriculture.Food and Environment University of PisaPisaItaly The BioRobotics Institute.Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies PontederaPisaItaly Department of Excellence in Robotics&A.I. Sant'Anna School of Advanced StudiesPisaItaly HEIC Center BME DepartmentKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUAE

Campoplex capitator is an ichneumonid parasitoid with a narrow host range,comprising grapevine moth *** being considered one of the possible candidates for biocontrol of Lobesia botrana,knowledge about its biology is limited and massrearing for commercial purposes is still *** research provides a quantitative analysis of the *** courtship and mating *** mating sequence was analyzed by high-speed video *** behavioral parameters,with special reference to male wing fanning and antennal tapping,were quantified and linked with mating ***,we analyzed the occurrence of population-level behavioral asymmetries during C capitator sexual interactions and their impact on male *** showed that male wing fanning was crucial to successfully approach the *** achieving higher mating success performed wing-fanning at higher frequencies over unsuccessful *** wing fanning,most of males palpated the females body with their antennae,before attempting *** overall mating success was>70%,with a rather long copula duration(254.76±14.21 s).Male wing-fanning was lateralized on the left at population level,while antennal tapping displays were *** male displays do not differ in terms of frequency and duration of their main *** research adds basic knowledge to the *** behavioral *** rearing protocols for *** are being developed male wing fanning frequency may represent a useful benchmark for monitoring mate quality over time,tackling mating success reductions due to prolonged mass-rearing.

关键词： biological control European grapevine moth Ichneumonidae koinobiont parasitoid mass-rearing mating behavior

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Characteristics of a gold-doped electrode for application in high-performance lithium-sulfur battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 116-128,I0004页

作者： vittorio Marangon Daniele Di Lecce Dan J.L.Brett Paul R.Shearing Jusef Hassoun University of Ferrara Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesVia Fossato di Mortara 17Ferrara44121Italy Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUCLLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom The Faraday Institution Quad OneBecquerel AveHarwell CampusDidcot OX11 ORAUnited Kingdom National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology(INSTM) University of Ferrara Research UnitUniversity of FerraraVia Fossato di Mortara17Ferrara 44121Italy

Bulk sulfur incorporating 3 wt% gold nano-powder is investigated as possible candidate to maximize the fraction of active material in the Li-S battery *** material is prepared via simple mixing of gold with molten sulfur at 120℃,quenching at room temperature,and *** comprehensive study reports relevant electrochemical data,advanced X-ray computed tomography(CT)imaging of the positive and negative electrodes,and a thorough structural and morphological characterization of the S:Au 97:3 w/w *** cathode exhibits high rate capability within the range from C/10 to 1C,a maximum capacity above 1300 mAh gs^(-1),and capacity retention between 85%and 91%after 100 cycles at 1C and C/3 *** novel formulation enables a sulfur fraction in the composite cathode film as high as 78 wt%,an active material loading of 5.7 mg cm^(-2),and an electrolyte/sulfur(E/S)ratio of 5μL mg^(-1),which lead to a maximum areal capacity of 5.4 mAh cm^(-2).X-ray CT at the micro-and nanoscale reveals the microstructural features of the positive electrode that favor fast conversion kinetics in the *** analysis of sulfur distribution in the porous cathode displays that electrodeposition during the initial cycle may trigger an activation process in the cell leading to improved ***,the tomography study reveals the characteristics of the lithium anode and the cell separator upon a galvanostatic test prolonged over 300 cycles at a 2C rate.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery Sulfur loading Electrolyte/sulfur ratio Gold nanoparticles X-ray tomography

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Upper aerodigestive tract disorders and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第2期3卷 102-111页

作者： Andrea Ciorba Chiara Bianchini Michele Zuolo Carlo vittorio Feo ENT Department University of Ferrara S.Anna University Hospital Department of Surgery University of Ferrara

A wide variety of symptoms and diseases of the upper aerodigestive tract are associated to gastro-oesophageal reflux disease(GORD). These disorders comprise a large variety of conditions such as asthma, chronic otitis media and sinusitis, chronic cough, and laryngeal disorders including paroxysmal laryngospasm. Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease is an extraoesophageal variant of GORD that can affect the larynx and pharynx. Despite numerous research efforts, the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux often remains elusive,unproven and controversial, and its treatment is then still empiric. Aim of this paper is to review the current literature on upper aerodigestive tract disorders in relation to pathologic gastro-oesophageal reflux, focusing in particular on the pathophysiology base and results of the surgical treatment of GORD.

关键词： Clinical management Gastro-oesophageal reflux Extraoesophageal disease Upper aerodigestive tract disorders Etiopathogenesis Therapy

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Longitudinal quantitative electroencephalographic study in mono-hemispheric stroke patients

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第7期14卷 1237-1246页

作者： Filippo Zappasodi Franca Tecchio Laura Marzetti vittorio Pizzella Vincenzo Di Lazzaro Giovanni Assenza Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences and Institute for Advanced Biomedical Imaging"G.D'Annunzio" University Laboratory of Electrophysiology for Translational NeuroScience(LET’S) ISTC-CNRand Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS Unit of Neurology NeurophysiologyNeurobiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversità Campus Bio-Medico di Roma

The identification of individual factors modulating clinical recovery after a stroke is fundamental to personalize the therapeutic intervention to enhance the final clinical *** this framework,electrophysiological factors are promising since are more directly related to neuroplasticity,which supports recovery in stroke patients,than neurovascular *** this retrospective observational study,we investigated brain neuronal activity assessed via spectral features and Higuchi's fractal dimension(HFD) of electroencephalographic signals in acute phase(2–10 days from symptom onset,T0) and sub-acute phase(2.5 months,T1) in 24 patients affected by unilateral middle cerebral artery *** assessment of the clinical deficits was performed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),together with the effective recovery calculated as the ratio between difference of NIHSS at T0 and T1 over the NIHSS value at *** observed that delta and alpha band electroencephalographic signal power changed between the two phases in both the hemispheres ipsilateral(ILH) and contralateral(CHL) to the ***,at T0,bilateral higher delta band power correlated with worse clinical conditions(Spearman's rs = 0.460,P = 0.027 for ILH and rs = 0.508,P = 0.013 for CLH),whereas at T1 this occurred only for delta power in ILH(rs = 0.411,P = 0.046) and not for ***-hemispheric difference(ILH ***) of alpha power in patients was lower at T0 than at T1(P = 0.020).HFD at T0 was lower than at T1(P = 0.005),and at both phases,ILH HFD was lower than CLH HFD(P = 0.020).These data suggest that inter-hemispheric low band asymmetry and fractal dimension changes from the acute to the sub-acute phase are sensitive to neuroplasticity processes which subtend clinical *** study protocol was approved by the Bioethical Committee of Ospedale San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefretelli(No.40/2011) on July 14,2011.

关键词： mono-hemispheric stroke delta band fractal dimension inter-hemispheric asymmetries EEG plasticity

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Dehydration of plant cells shoves nuclei rotation allowing for 3D phase-contrast tomography

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1889-1904页

作者： Zhe Wang vittorio Bianco Daniele Pirone Pasquale Memmolo Massimiliano Maria Villone Pier Luca Maffettone Pietro Ferraro Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale Universitàdegli Studi di Napoli“Federico II”Piazzale Tecchio 8080125 NapoliItaly NEAPoLIS Numerical and Experimental Advanced Program on Liquids and Interface SystemsJoint Research Center CNR-Universitàdegli Studi di Napoli“Federico II”NapoliItaly CNR-ISASI Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems“E.Caianiello”Via Campi Flegrei 3480078 PozzuoliNapoliItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e delle Tecnologie dell’Informazione Universitàdegli Studi di Napoli“Federico II”via Claudio 2180125 NapoliItaly

Single-cell phase-contrast tomography promises to become decisive for studying 3D intracellular structures in *** involves probing cells with light at wide angles,which unfortunately requires complex *** we show an intriguing concept based on an inherent natural process for plants biology,i.e.,dehydration,allowing us to easily obtain 3D-tomography of onion-epidermal cells’*** fact,the loss of water reduces the turgor pressure and we recognize it induces significant rotation of cells’*** to the holographic focusing flexibility and an ad-hoc angles’tracking algorithm,we combine different phase-contrast views of the nuclei to retrieve their 3D refractive index *** identification capability and a strategy for measuring morphology,dry mass,biovolume,and refractive index statistics are reported and *** new concept could revolutionize the investigation in plant biology by enabling dynamic 3D quantitative and label-free analysis at sub-nuclear level using a conventional holographic setup.

关键词： rotation holographic phase

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Partially hydrolyzed guar gum in pediatric functional abdominal pain

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期19卷 235-240页

作者： Claudio romano Donatella Comito Annalisa Famiani Sabrina Calamarà Italia Loddo Pediatric Department University of MessinaMessina 98100Italy

AIM:To assess the effects of partially hydrolyzed guar gum(PHGG) diet supplement in pediatric chronic abdominal pain(CAP) and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS:A randomized,double-blind pilot study was performed in sixty children(8-16 years) with functional bowel disorders,such as CAP or IBS,diagnosed according to Rome Ⅲ *** patients underwent ultrasound,blood and stool examinations to rule out any organic *** were allocated to receive PHGG at dosage of 5 g/d(n = 30) or placebo(fruitjuice n = 30) for 4 *** evaluation of the efficacy of fiber supplement included IBS symptom severity score(Birmingham IBS Questionnaire),severity of abdominal pain(Wong-Baker Face Pain Rating Score) and bowel habit(Bristol Stool Scale).Symptom scores were completed at 2,4,and 8 *** change from baseline in the symptom severity scale at the end of treatment and at 4 wk follow-up after treatment was the primary *** secondary endpoint was to evaluate compliance to supplementation with the PHGG in the pediatric *** within groups during the treatment period and follow-up were evaluated by the Wilcoxon signed-rank ***:The results of the study were assessed considering some variables,such as frequency and intensity of symptoms with modifications of the bowel *** groups were balanced for baseline characteristics and all patients completed the *** A(PHGG group) presented a higher level of efficacy compared to group B(control group),(43% vs 5%,P = 0.025) in reducing clinical symptoms with modification of Birmingham IBS score(median 0 ± 1 vs 4 ± 1,P = 0.025),in intensity of CAP assessed with the Wong-Baker Face Pain Rating Score and in normalization of bowel habit evaluated with the Bristol Stool Scale(40% vs 13.3%,P = 0.025).In IBS subgroups,statistical analysis shown a tendency toward normalization of bowel movements,but there was no difference in the prevalence of improvement in two bowel habit *** was th

关键词： Functional bowel disorders Partially hydrolyzed guar gum Pediatric chronic abdominal pain Fiber diet

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