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Consequences of unilateral cryptorchidism on semen and sperm characteristics in West African Dwarf Goats

Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2018年第4期7卷 172-177页

作者： Chike F.Oguejiofor Izuchukwu S.Ochiogu Okechi L.Okoro vitalis.u.ogbu Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of NigeriaNsukka 410001Nigeria

Objective: To evaluate the influence of unilateral cryptorchidism on semen and sperm characteristics in West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks. Methods: Semen was collected using electroejaculator from five unilaterally cryptorchid (uC) and five normal (non-cryptorchid) WAD bucks and analyzed for gross, microscopic and biochemical characteristics. Results:Gross semen evaluation showed no differences between the groups in semen color, viscosity and pH, whereas the normal bucks yielded semen with significantly higher specific gravity (P=0.0436) and volume (P=0.0388) than the uC group. Following semen microscopic evaluation, the percentage of sperm vitality (live sperm) was not significantly different between both groups. However, uC bucks yielded semen with significantly lower sperm motility (P=0.0387), sperm concentration per mL (P=0.0020) and total sperm count per ejaculate (P=0.0074). The percentage total sperm abnormality was also higher (PuC goats. Abnormalities observed included sperm with cytoplasmic droplets, looped tails, coiled tails and tailless heads. Sperm morphometry showed no differences in the sperm head length and head width between the groups. Biochemical semen evaluation did not reveal any differences between the groups in the concentration of seminal plasma total protein, catalase activity and lipid peroxidation level. Conclusions: unilateral cryptorchidism significantly affected the quantity and quality of semen and spermatozoa in affected WAD bucks. Due to the hereditary attribute of the condition, it is recommended that animals with this condition should not be used in breeding to forestall increasing prevalence of cryptorchidism in goats.

关键词： Cryptorchidism Goat Semen Spermatozoa

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Effect of Gongronema latifolium on gastric emptying in healthy dogs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第6期19卷 897-902页

作者： Sylvester O ogbu Kenneth K Agwu Isaac u Asuzu Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences and TechnologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Enugu CampusEnugu State 400001Nigeria Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Nsukka CampusEnugu State 400001Nigeria

AIM:To investigate sonographically the effect of Gonogronema latifolium (***) on gastric emptying of semi-solid meals in healthy ***:In a randomized,placebo-controlled experiment,twenty-five clinically healthy dogs were randomly allotted into five groups of five dogs in each *** placebo group served as the control,and the low,moderate and high dose groups ingested the methanolic leaf extract of *** in capsules at 100 mg/kg,250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg,respectively,while the prokinetic group ingested 0.5 mg/kg capsules of *** a 12-h fast,each group ingested its treatment capsules 30 min before the administration of a test *** of gastric emptying and blood glucoselevels were obtained 30 min before and immediately after the ingestion of the test meal and thereafter every 15 min for 4 *** was followed by further measurements every 30 min for another 2 ***:The gastric emptying times of the placebo,low dose,moderate dose,high dose and prokinetic dose groups were 127.0 ± 8.2 min,135.5 ± 3.7 min,155.5 ± 3.9 min,198.0 ± 5.3 min and 59.0 ± 2.5 min,*** emptying times of the moderate and high dose groups were significantly slower than in the placebo control group (155.5 ± 3.9 min,198.0 ± 5.3 min vs 127.0 ± 8.2 min,P=0.000).No significant difference in gastric emptying between the low dose and placebo control groups was noted (135.5 ± 3.7 min vs 127.0 ± 8.2 min,P=0.072).Gastric emptying of the prokinetic group was significantly faster than that of the control group (59.0 ± 2.5 min vs 127.0 ± 8.2 min,P=0.000).The hypoglycaemic effect of *** and gastric emptying were inversely related (r=-0.95,P=0.000).CONCLuSION:*** delays gastric emptying and lowers postprandial blood glucose in healthy *** reduces the postprandial blood glucose by delaying gastric emptying.

关键词： Gonogronema latifolium Gastric emptying Sonography Postprandial blood glucose Semi-solid meals

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Influence of unilateral Cryptorchidism on Libido, Haematology and Serum Reproductive Hormones, Total Protein, Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress in West African Dwarf Goats

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2018年第11期8卷 187-197页

作者： Chike F. Oguejiofor Izuchukwu S. Ochiogu vitalis.u. ogbu Okechi L. Okoro Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

The failure of testicular descent (cryptorchidism) is known to cause abnormal testicular development and function. unilateral cryptorchidism is prevalent in West African Dwarf (WAD) goats particularly in some areas where affected bucks are presumed to have better libido and reproductive efficiency by farmers. Androgens produced by the testes can influence libido and other hormonal and metabolic processes in the body. The study investigated the influence of natural unilateral cryptorchidism on serum reproductive hormones, total protein, lipid profile, oxidative stress, and haematology and libido in WAD bucks. Ten WAD bucks (aged 12 - 14 months) comprising 5 bucks with normal descended testes (N group) and 5 unilaterally-cryptorchid bucks (uC group) were studied. Blood and sera were collected and evaluated for haematology, serum total proteins and lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins) concentrations, serum oxidative stress (catalase and lipid peroxidation activity), and serum levels of reproductive hormones (testosterone, FSH and LH). Libido testing of bucks was also performed by randomly isolating and confining each individual male with a doe on standing heat and recording the number of mountings made by the male within a period of 5 minutes as the libido score. The evaluated haematological indices and serum levels of proteins, lipids, oxidative stress indicators and reproductive hormones were not significantly different between the N and uC groups (p > 0.05). Although a higher mean libido score was recorded in N bucks compared to the uC group, this difference was not significant. Whereas no negative effects were observed in the evaluated physiologic indices in uC bucks, these findings do not support the presumption by farmers that uC bucks have better libido than bucks with fully descended testes. Therefore, these animals should not be selected for breeding to avoid increasing the prevalence of unilateral cryptorchidism due to its genetic attribute.

关键词： Cryptorchidism Libido Reproductive Hormones Oxidative Stress Goat

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Non-pancreatic hyperlipasemia:A puzzling clinical entity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2538-2552页

作者： Krisztina Eszter Feher David Tornai Zsuzsanna vitalis Laszlo Davida Nora Sipeki Maria Papp Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary Kalman Laki Doctoral School of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hungary

BACKGROuND Increased lipase level is a serological hallmark of the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis(AP)but can be detected in various other diseases associated with lipase leakage due to inflammation of organs surrounding the pancreas or reduced renal clearance and/or hepatic *** non-pancreatic hyperlipasemia(NPHL)is puzzling for attending physicians during the diagnostic procedure for *** would be clinically beneficial to identify the clinical and laboratory variables that hinder the accuracy of lipase diagnosis with the aim of improve it.A more precise description of the NPHL condition could potentially provide prognostic factors for adverse outcomes which is currently *** To perform a detailed clinical and laboratory characterization of NPHL in a large prospective patient cohort with an assessment of parameters determining disease *** A Hungarian patient cohort with serum lipase levels at least three times higher than the upper limit of normal(uLN)was prospectively evaluated over 31 *** were identified using daily electronic laboratory reports developed to support an ongoing observational,multicenter,prospective cohort study called the EASY trial(ISRCTN10525246)to establish a simple,easy,and accurate clinical scoring system for early prognostication of *** of NPHL was established based on≥3×uLN serum lipase level in the absence of abdominal pain or abdominal imaging results characteristic of *** A total of 808 patients[male,n=420(52%);median age(IQR):65(51-75)years]were diagnosed with≥3×uLN serum lipase levels.A total of 392 patients had AP,whereas 401 had NPHL with more than 20 different *** and acute kidney injury(AKI)were the most prevalent etiologies of NPHL(27.7%and 33.2%,respectively).The best discriminative cut-off value for lipase was≥666 u/L(sensitivity,71.4%;specificity,88.8%).The presence of AKI or sepsis negatively affected the diagnostic performance of *** w

关键词： Non-pancreatic hyperlipasemia Acute pancreatitis Glycoprotein 2 Acute kidney injury Sepsis Mortality

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Indigenous Fruit Trees of Tropical Africa: Status, Opportunity for Development and Biodiversity Management

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 31-41页

作者： Rasheed Olufemi Awodoyin Oluseun Sunday Olubode Justin ugochukwu ogbu Rasheed Babatunde Balogun Jonah u. Nwawuisi Kalu O. Orji Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Horticulture and Landscape Technology Federal College of Agriculture (FCA) Ishiagu Nigeria Department of Pest Management Technology Federal College of Agriculture (FCA) Ishiagu Nigeria Department of Agronomy Michael Okpara University of Agriculture (MOUA) Umuahia Nigeria

Tropical fruit trees constitute important biological resources in the global agrobiodiversity context. unlike the tropical fruit trees of American and Asian origin, indigenous fruit trees (IFT) of tropical Africa have scarcely achieved the status of international recognition in commodity markets and research arena outside Africa. This paper presented a critical review of the status of IFT in the Tropical African sub-regions (of West Africa, Central Africa, East Africa, Southern Africa and the Indian Ocean Islands) in relation to the introduced naturalised fruit trees from tropical America and Asia, threats to the diversity and sustainable use of IFT, analysis of the opportunities and challenges of developing IFT, as well as targets for crop improvement of the rich IFT of Tropical Africa. Domestication programme via relevant vegetative propagation techniques for priority IFT of the sub-regions was examined and advocated, in addition to the adoption of complementary conservation strategies, including Field GeneBanks in the management of the continent’s IFT diversity.

关键词： Biodiversity Conservation Crop Improvement Domestication Indigenous Fruit Trees Introduced Species Tropical Africa

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Detection and Molecular Characterization of <i>Cronobacter sakazakii</i>Isolated from Powdered Infant Formula (PIF) from North Central Region, Nigeria

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Advances in Microbiology 2020年第7期10卷 307-317页

作者： Simon I. Enem Chidozie O. ogbu Chinwe E. Okoli Ene Godwin Gabriel K. Omeiza Pascal u. umeakuana Wesley D. Nafarnda Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine University of Abuja Abuja Nigeria Departments of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Abuja Abuja Nigeria

Cronobacter sakazakii is an emerging ubiquitous and opportunistic pathogen that currently contaminates a wide spectrum of foods including powdered milk and poses a lethal threat to neonates, the elderly and persons with immune deficiencies. They cause life threatening neonatal meningitis, septicemia, and necrotizing enterocolitis. A total of 360 samples of powdered infant formula were collected from postnatal hospital attendees reconstituting the PIF for their children in the North Central region of Nigeria where cases of infant mortality are very high and presenting as enterocolitis and diarrhea. Pre-enriched samples were cultured in chromogenic Cronobacter broth and were then further sub-cultured into a chromogenic Cronobacter sakazakii agar. They were positive, exhibiting yellowish cultures typical of Cronobacter sakazakii. Biochemical tests of the isolates were also carried out and indicated the presence of Cronobacter sakazakii. The isolates were then characterized molecularly using specie specific PCR detection of Cronobacter sakazakii. The targeted genes of interest were ompA gene and CPA gene. The isolates tested showed bands for <

关键词： Detection Molecular Characterization Cronobacter sakazakii Powdered Infant Formula (PIF)

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Determination of Hemobiochemical Profiles of Apparently Healthy Exotic Breed of Dogs in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2021年第6期11卷 226-245页

作者： Kenneth I. ogbu Kingsley u. Ezema Ijeoma C. Adieme Rhoda I. Malgwi Jibreel A. Sabo Philip N. Ayuba Philip N. Ayuba Samuel A. Nguety Simone T. Atuna Francis O. Emeribe Johnson J. Shallmizhili Boniface M. Anene Boniface M. Anene Department of Animal Health Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Plateau State Nigeria Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nigeria Nsukka Enugu state Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital University of Maiduguri Borno State Nigeria Bacterial Research Division National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Plateau State Nigeria Federal Department of Veterinary and Pest Control Services Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Abuja Nigeria Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine University of Agriculture Makurdi Benue State Nigeria Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Agriculture Makurdi Benue State Nigeria Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Agriculture Makurdi Benue State Nigeria unity Veterinary Services State Locust Jos Plateau State Nigeria

The hematological and serum biochemical profiles of apparently healthy exotic breed of dogs in Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria was studied in this research. One hundred and seven exotic breed of dogs were examined from October - December, 2018. The results from physical, clinical examinations and parasitological examinations were used to determine apparently healthy exotic breed of dogs which were used in this study. The parameters measured were rectal temperature, parasitaemia, hematology which included red blood cells count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and hemoglobin content;total white blood cell count, including eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts, and platelets;serum biochemical parameters also included Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total proteins, albumin, globulin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol and triglyceride, using standard methods. Data generated from the study were statistically analyzed using students t-test one-way analysis of variance while the level of significance was measured at p udy, hematological and serum biochemical values were comparable to and not different from those reported for dogs in available literature, but the upper and lower reference limits (minimum and maximum values) were different for most parameters. Sex-related significant difference (p urred only in WBC and total protein while age-related significant difference occurred only in total protein and urea level. Breed affected the MCHC and total bilirubin level which was evident in higher MCHC level in Neapolitan m

关键词： Hematology Serum Biochemical Profiles Apparently Healthy Exotic Breed Dogs Jos Plateau State

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Bioenergy Crops as a Promising Alternative to Fossil Fuels in Louisiana: A Geographic Information System (GIS) Perspective

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2022年第4期12卷 57-81页

作者： Yaw A. Twumasi Zhu H. Ning John B. Namwamba Abena B. Asare-Ansah Edmund C. Merem Harriet B. Yeboah Judith Oppong Matilda Anokye Diana B. Frimpong Priscilla M. Loh Julia Atayi Rechael N. D. Armah Caroline Y. Apraku Opeyemi I. Oladigbolu Cynthia C. ogbu Leah W. Njeri Joyce McClendon-Peralta Department of urban Forestry and Natural Resources Southern University and A&M College Baton Rouge USA Department of urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University Jackson USA Department of Geography and Tourism Studies Brock University St. Catharines Canada

Rising greenhouse gas emissions are causing climate change, and the world’s focus has shifted to the need to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. There has been a rise in the published literature on the utilization of crops for bioenergy production in Louisiana. However, very few scholarly documents have used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to map the distribution of potential bioenergy crops in Louisiana. This study seeks to fill the void by evaluating the potential of bioenergy crops in Louisiana for energy production using GIS. Given this objective, the agricultural census data for 1999, 2009, 2019, and 2020 obtained from the u.S. Department of Agriculture were used in the analysis. The quantities of various crops produced in the state were loaded into an attribute table and joined to a shapefile using ArcGIS software. The symbology tool’s graduated option was used to create five maps representing each of the bioenergy crops in Louisiana. The findings of the GIS analysis show that some of the parishes, such as Franklin produced the most bushels of corn (13,795,416), Iberia produced the most tons of sugarcane (1,697,980), East Carroll produced the most bushels of soybean (8,237,991), Tensas harvested the most bales of cotton (80,898) and Avoyelles produced the most bushels of sorghum (630,694). The abundance and availability of crops as raw materials for energy production will translate into lower prices in terms of energy use, making bioenergy crops a promising alternative to fossil fuels. In addition, gasoline price data from 1993-2022 was obtained from u.S. Energy Information Administration. A regression model for the average annual gasoline price over the years was constructed. The results show that the average annual gasoline price variation with respect to years is statistically significant (p 0.05). This suggests that gasoline prices will generally rise despite a price drop over the years. The paper concludes by outlining policy recommendations in the

关键词： Bioenergy Crops Biomass Fossil Fuel Gasoline Geographic Information Sys-tem (GIS) Regression Analysis Louisiana

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