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Evaluation of L-dopa,proximate composition with in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of Mucuna macrocarpa beans:A future drug for Parkinson treatment

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第12期7卷 1097-1106页

作者： Chetan Aware Ravishankar Patil Swaroopsingh Gaikwad Shrirang Yadav vishwas Bapat Jyoti Jadhav Department of Biotechnology Shivaji UniversityVidyanagarKolhapurMaharashtraIndia Department of Biochemistry Shivaji UniversityVidyanagarKolhapurMaharashtraIndia Department of Botany Shivaji UniversityVidyanagarKolhapurMaharashtraIndia

Objective: To investigate L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine(L-dopa, anti-Parkinson drug),anti-inflammatory activity, proximate nutritional composition and antioxidant potential of Mucuna macrocarpa(M. macrocarpa) ***: L-dopa content was determined and quantified by high performance thin layer chromatography and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RPHPLC) methods. Anti-inflammatory activity was performed by in vitro protein denaturation inhibition and human red blood cell membrane stabilisation activity. Proximate composition and elemental analysis were also investigated. The antioxidant potential(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, N-N-dimethyl-phenylenediamine and ferric-reducing antioxidant power) of M. macrocarpa beans were evaluated by using different extraction solvents. The RP-HPLC analysis also quantified significant phenolics such as gallic acid, tannic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-coumaric ***: RP-HPLC quantification revealed that M. macrocarpa beans contain a high level of L-dopa [(115.41 ± 0.985) mg/g] which was the highest among the Mucuna species from Indian sub-continent. Water extract of seed powder showed strong antiinflammatory and antioxidant potential. Proximate composition of M. macrocarpa beans revealed numerous nutritional and anti-nutritional components. RP-HPLC analysis of major phenolics such as tannic acid(43.795 mg/g), gallic acid(0.864 mg/g), p-coumaric acid(0.364 mg/g) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid(0.036 mg/g) quantified successfully from M. macrocarpa beans ***: This study suggests that M. macrocarpa is a potential source of L-dopa with promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and nutritional benefits.

关键词： Anti-inflammatory Antioxidants L-dopa Mucuna macrocarpa Oxidative stress Parkinson’s disease

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Dye reduction-based electron-transfer activity monitoring assay for assessing microbial electron transfer activity of microbial fuel cell inocula

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第10期32卷 171-177页

作者： Kartik S.Aiyer Roshan rai B.S.Vijayakumar Department of Biosciences Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher LearningPrasanthi NilayamPuttaparthiAndhra Pradesh-515134India

Microbial fuel cells (MFC) utilize microbes as catalysts to convert chemical energy to *** used for MFC operation must therefore contain active microbial *** dye reduction-based electron-transfer activity monitoring (DREAM) assay was employed to evaluate different inocula used in MFCs for their microbial bioelectrical *** assay utilizes the redox property of Methylene Blue to undergo color change from blue to colorless state upon microbial *** extent of Methylene Blue reduction was denoted as the DREAM assay *** assay was initially performed on a microbial culture along with the growth curve and estimation of colony forming units (CFUs).DREAM coefficient correlated to the CFU/m L obtained over time as growth *** assay was then extended to water samples (domestic sewage,lake and a man-made pond) serving as inocula in *** wastewater gave the highest DREAM coefficient (0.300±0.05),followed by pond (0.224±0.07) and lake (0.157±0.04) water *** density obtained conformed to the DREAM coefficient values,with the three samples generating power densities of 46.45±5.1,36.12±3.2 and 25.08±4.3 m W/m^2 *** have also studied the role of addition of various carbon sources and their concentrations towards improving the sensitivity of the *** DREAM assay is a rapid,easy-to-perform and cost-effective method to assess inocula for their suitability as anolytes in terms of electron transfer potential in MFCs.

关键词： Dye reduction Electron transfer Methylene Blue Microbial fuel cell Wastewater

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Frequency and risk factors of low immunoglobulin levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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Gastroenterology Report 2015年第2期3卷 115-121页

作者： Tarun rai Xianrui Wu Bo Shen Departments of General Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology/Hepatology the Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA

Background and aims:Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)are considered to be dysregulated,immune-mediated disorders;and immunosuppressive medications are the mainstay of their ***,we have often observed low serum immunoglobulin(Ig)levels in these *** aim of this study was to assess the frequency and risk factors of secondary humoral immunodeficiency in IBD ***:We conducted a cross-sectional study of eligible IBD patients with Crohn’s disease(CD),ulcerative colitis(UC),indeterminate colitis(IC)or restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch,who having serum Ig *** and clinical variables were *** and multivariate analyses were ***:A total of 324 patients was included,with a mean age of 38.8 years and 158(48.8%)being *** IgG,IgG1,IgA,and IgM were found in 22.7%,23.4%,7.9%,and 10.9%of patients,*** shared risk factors for a low IgG or IgM level were increasing age[odds ratio(OR)=1.13;95%confidence interval(CI)1.03–1.23 for low IgG level and OR=1.33;95%CI 1.15–1.56 for low IgM level]and hypoalbuminemia(OR=1.83;95%CI 1.01–3.33 for low IgG level and OR=3.17;95%CI 1.23–8.15 for low IgM level).In addition,thioprine use was associated with low IgA level(OR=2.76;95%CI 1.03–7.39).IBD disease duration was a risk factor for low IgG1 level(OR=1.40;95%CI 1.12–1.76).The presence of concurrent primary sclerosing cholangitis(OR=0.064;95%CI 0.007–0.60)and the use of biologics(OR=0.16;95%CI 0.033–0.79)were associated with normal IgG1 *** level was lower in CD patients than that in UC/IC and ileal pouch patients(P=0.042).IgG and IgA levels were elevated in patients with inflammatory conditions of the pouch(P=0.01;P=0.003,respectively).Conclusions:Low Ig level appears to be common in IBD *** age,disease duration and hypoalbuminemia appeared to be risk *** findings may provide rationale for targeted therapy to boost humoral immunity in selected patients with IBD.

关键词： inflammatory bowel disease immunoglobulins biologics Crohn’s disease ulcerative colitis ileal pouch

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Influence of Rare ***3＋ Doping on the Structural, Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of ZnO Bulk and Thin Film Systems

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2011年第3期24卷 353-357,I0004页

作者： Ghulam Murtaza rai Muhamlnad Azhar Iqbal Yongbingxu Iain Gordon Will wenzhang 巴基斯坦旁遮普大学物理系拉合尔54590 英国约克大学电子部自旋电子学实验室约克YO105DD

We have investigated the doping behavior of rare earth element holmium （Ho3＋） in ZnO semiconductor. The structural, microstructure, and magnetic properties of Zn1-xHoxO （x=0.0, 0.04, and 0.05） thin films deposited on Si（100） substrate by thermal evaporation technique were studied. The ceramic targets were prepared by conventional solid state ceramic technique. The pallets used as target were final sintered at 900℃ in the presence of N2 atmosphere. The experimental results of X-ray diffraction （XRD） spectra, surface morphology, and magnetic properties show that the Ho3＋ doped ZnO thin films has a strong influence on the materials properties. The higher angle shift in peak position and most preferred （101） orientation were observed in XRD pattern. These spectra confirmed the substitution of Ho3＋ in ZnO lattice. The surface morphology and stoichiometry for both bulk and thin films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. It was observed that grain size decreases with the increase of Ho3＋. Room temperature ferromagnetism was observed for Zn0.95Ho0.050 films. The ferromagnetism might be attributed to the substitution of Ho ions for Zn2＋ in ZnO lattices.

关键词： Diluted magnetic semiconductor Structural analysis Scanning electron mi- croscope Magnetic property

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Role of iron deficiency anemia in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第3期13卷 1-3页

作者： Seema rai Department of Pediatrics Guru Gobind Singh Medical College&HospitalFaridkot 151203PunjabIndia

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a relapsing chronic inflammatory disorder of the small and large gut with rising incidence and prevalence *** deficiency anemia is one of the most common extraintestinal manifestations of IBD,which correlates with the disease activity and tendency to relapse even after successful *** affects various aspects of quality of life,such as physical,cognitive,emotional,and workability,as well as healthcare *** anemia in IBD can be due to iron deficiency(ID)or chronic *** relative frequency of ID in IBD is 60%,according to some studies,and only 14%receive *** evaluation of ID is also tricky as ferritin,being an inflammatory marker,also rises in chronic inflammatory diseases like *** review of anemia in IBD patients involves other investigations like transferrin saturation and exploration of other nutritional deficiencies to curb the marker asthenia with which these patients often *** underscores the importance of timely investigation and treatment to prevent long-term *** can start oral iron therapy in certain ***,as inflammation of the gut hampers iron absorption,an alternative route to bypass the inflamed gut is usually recommended to avoid the requirement for blood transfusions.

关键词： Colitis Iron deficiency Anemia Inflammation Ferritin

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Comprehensive isotopic characterization of the hydrological processes of the Indus river basin(IRB):A comparison between Upper Indus Basin(UIB)and Lower Indus Basin(LIB)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第3期20卷 705-723页

作者： Akhtar JAHAN Tanveer DAR Sudhir KUMAR Nachiketa rai Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkee 247667India National Institute of Hydrology Roorkee 247667India

The Indus river basin(IRB)is one of the most depleted water basins globally,having significant challenges for its water *** of stable isotope composition(δ^(18)O and δ^(2)H)across IRB is a critical aspect that can provide deeper insights for investigating complex hydrological *** work analyses the spatial pattern of the isotopic signature using a comprehensive compilation of available datasets of the Global Network of Isotopes in River(GNIR)and Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation(GNIP),along with the previously published isotopic studies in the Indus ***,this work provides a detailed comparison of the isotopic signature of the Upper Indus Basin(UIB),and Lower Indus Basin(LIB).The IRBs waterline was found to beδ^(2)H=7.89×δ^(18)O+13.51,which shows a close similarity with the Global Meteoric Water Line(GMWL),indicating the meteoric origin of the water with insignificant secondary evaporation prevailing across the *** Main Indus Channel(MIC)river water line(δ^(2)H=8.88×δ^(18)O+26.05)indicates a major contribution from the meteoric origin(precipitation/rain)of water with minimal effect of evaporation *** water line for UIB samples,(δ^(2)H=7.88×δ^(18)O+11.94)was found to be moderately higher in slope than LIB samples(δ^(2)H=7.17×δ^(18)O+7.16).However,the slopes of both UIB and LIB river water lines closely approached the slope of GMWL and were consistent with the slope of IRB water line,which indicates similarity in contribution of water *** higher slope and intercept in UIB suggest that meteoric water sources contributed to streamflow *** snow/glacier with insignificant evapotranspiration,which is also validated by the scarce vegetation cover in the ***,the lower slope and intercept in LIB suggest stream water contribution from significantly evaporated groundwater and precipitation with a complete homogenization of discharge coming from the *** substantiate that distinct isotopi

关键词： Isotopes Spatial variability Indian summer monsoon Western Disturbance Indus river Water

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Prediction of semiconducting behavior in minority spin of Co_2CrZ(Z=Ga,Ge,As):LSDA

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Journal of Semiconductors 2012年第12期33卷 5-10页

作者： D.P.rai R.K.Thapa Department of Physics Mizoram University

Volume optimization was performed to obtain the theoretical lattice constants by using the generalized gradient approximation （GGA）. The electronic and magnetic properties of Heusler alloys CoaCrZ （Z -- Ga, Ge, As） were investigated by using local spin density approximation （LSDA）. Amongst the systems under investigation, CoECrGe and Co2CrGa give I00% spin polarization at the Fermi level （EF）. Co2CrGe and CoECrGa are the most stable half-metallic ferromagnets （HMFs）; their EF lie exactly at the gap of 0.24 eV and 0.38 eV, respectively, in the spin-down channel. Even though CoaCrAs gives a distinct and bigger gap as compared to CoECrGa and CoECrGe, its EF is not located at the middle of the gap in the spin-down channel. We have also found that the total magnetic moments increase as the Z goes from Ga to As. The calculated density of states and band structures show the HMF character for CoECrGe and Co2CrGa.

关键词： GGA half-metallicity DOS spin polarization and band structure

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Graphene-based bipolar plates for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2019年第3期13卷 217-241页

作者： Ram Sevak SINGH(El) Anurag GAUTAM Varun rai Department of Physics O P Jindal UniversityRaigarhChhattisgarh 496109India Department of Chemistry O P Jindal UniversityRaigarhChhattisgarh 496109India Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

Bipolar plates(BPs)are a major component of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).BPs play a multifunctional character within a PEMFC *** is one of the most costly and critical part of the fuel cell,and hence the development of efficient and cost-effective BPs is of much interest for the fabrication of next-generation PEMFCs in *** to high electrical conductivity and chemical inertness,graphene is an ideal candidate to be utilized in *** paper reviews recent advances in the area of graphene-based BPs for PEMFC *** aspects including the momentous functions of BPs in the PEMFC,favorable features of *** BPs,performance evaluation of various reported BPs with their advantages and disadvantages,challenges at commercial level products and future prospects of frontier research in this direction are extensively documented.

关键词： graphene bipolar plate polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell proton exchange membrane fuel cell

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Intra-population genetic variance for grain iron and zinc contents and agronomic traits in pearl millet

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The Crop Journal 2016年第1期4卷 48-54页

作者： Mahalingam Govindaraj Kedar N.rai Ponnusamy Shanmugasundaram International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

Crop biofortification is a sustainable approach for fighting micronutrient malnutrition in the world. The estimation of variance components in genetically broad-based populations provides information about their genetic architecture, allowing the design of an appropriate biofortification breeding method for cross-pollinated crops such as pearl millet. The objective of this study was to estimate intra-population genetic variance using self(S1) and half-sib(HS) progenies in two populations, AIMP92901 and ICMR312. Field trials were evaluated in two contrasting seasons(2009 rainy and 2010 summer; otherwise called environments) in Alfisols at ICRISAT, Patancheru. Analyses of variance showed highly significant variation for S1 s and HS progenies, reflecting high within-population genetic variation for both micronutrients and other key traits. However, the HS showed narrow ranges and lower genetic variances than the S1 for all of the traits. The micronutrients were highly positively correlated in S1(r = 0.77 to 0.86; P raits into both parental lines.

关键词： Genetic variance Iron Micronutrient malnutrition Pearl millet Zinc

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Structural,electronic,magnetic and optical properties of neodymium chalcogenides using LSDA+U method

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Journal of Semiconductors 2012年第8期33卷 9-14页

作者： A Shankar D P rai Sandeep R K Thapa Condensed Matter Theory Group Department of PhysicsMizoram UniversityAizawlMizoram-796004India

We have studied the electronic, magnetic and optical properties of neodymium chalcogenides by performing LSDA＋ U and full potential linearized augmented plane wave （FP-LAPW） method. The electronic structure calculation shows that the electronic states in Nd-chalcogenides were mainly contributed by Nd-4f electrons near Fermi energy and 3p, 4p and 5p state electrons of X （S, Se and Te）, respectively. We have also studied the absorption of light via the imaginary parts of the dielectric function of Nd-chalcogenides.

关键词： DFT DOS magnetic moment U

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