BACKGROUND Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)is a widely recognized bariatric procedure that is particularly beneficial for patients with class III obesity.It aids in significant weight loss and improves obesity-related m...
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BACKGROUND Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)is a widely recognized bariatric procedure that is particularly beneficial for patients with class III obesity.It aids in significant weight loss and improves obesity-related medical conditions.Despite its effectiveness,postoperative care still has challenges.Clinical evidence shows that venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a leading cause of 30-d morbidity and mortality after RYGB.Therefore,a clear unmet need exists for a tailored risk assessment tool for VTE in RYGB candidates.AIM To develop and internally validate a scoring system determining the individualized risk of 30-d VTE in patients undergoing RYGB.METHODS Using the 2016–2021 Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation Quality Improvement Program,data from 6526 patients(body mass index≥40 kg/m^(2))who underwent RYGB were analyzed.A backward elimination multivariate analysis identified predictors of VTE characterized by pulmonary embolism and/or deep venous thrombosis within 30 d of RYGB.The resultant risk scores were derived from the coefficients of statistically significant variables.The performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating curves through 5-fold cross-validation.RESULTS Of the 26 initial variables,six predictors were identified.These included a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a regression coefficient(Coef)of 2.54(P7%(Coef 1.19,P<0.001),venous stasis history(Coef 1.43,P<0.001),and preoperative anticoagulation use(Coef 1.24,P<0.001).These variables were weighted according to their regression coefficients in an algorithm that was generated for the model predicting 30-d VTE risk post-RYGB.The risk model's area under the curve(AUC)was 0.79[95%confidence interval(CI):0.63-0.81],showing good discriminatory power,achieving a sensitivity of 0.60 and a specificity of 0.91.Without training,the same model performed satisfactorily in patients with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and it significantly contributes to the burden of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,there are marked variations in the incidence and m...
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BACKGROUND Hepatitis C is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and it significantly contributes to the burden of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,there are marked variations in the incidence and mortality rates of HCC across different geographical regions.With the advent of new widely available treatment modalities,such as direct-acting antivirals,it is becoming increasingly imperative to understand the temporal and geographical trends in HCC mortality associated with Hepatitis C.Furthermore,gender disparities in HCC mortality related to Hepatitis C are a crucial,yet underexplored aspect that adds to the disease's global impact.While some studies shed light on gender-specific trends,there is a lack of comprehensive data on global and regional mortality rates,particularly those highlighting gender disparities.This gap in knowledge hinders the development of targeted interventions and resource allocation strategies.DISCUSSION The results of our study show an overall decline in the mortality rates of patients with hepatitis C-related HCC over the last two decades.Notably,females exhibited a remarkable decrease in mortality compared to males.Regionally,East Asia and the Pacific displayed a significant decline in mortality,while Europe and Central Asia witnessed an upward trend.Latin America and the Caribbean also experienced an increase in mortality rates.However,no significant difference was observed in the Middle East and North Africa.North America exhibited a notable upward trend.South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa significantly declined throughout the study period.This raises the hope of identifying areas for implementing more targeted resources.Despite some progress,multiple challenges remain in meeting the WHO 2030 goal of eliminating viral hepatitis[24].
Background The elderly population in India is expected to grow enormously by 2050 owing to an increase in life expectancy.Community-based data on the prevalence of psychological morbidity,abuse and cognitive dysfuncti...
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Background The elderly population in India is expected to grow enormously by 2050 owing to an increase in life expectancy.Community-based data on the prevalence of psychological morbidity,abuse and cognitive dysfunction are scarce.Aims To determine the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction,psychological morbidity and abuse in the elderly population in a resettlement colony from East Delhi,India.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on the elderly population of a resettlement colony,in East Delhi,comprising 5 blocks and 12 subblocks with a total population of 65 000.The study was carried out within2 months from April to August 2017.The self-reported questionnaires were administered to detect cognitive dysfunction,psychological morbidity,social support and pattern of abuse.Results The mean age of the study subjects was70.29 years(53.8% were males,78.8% were married,86.9% were Hindus and 75% were living with children).A total of 106 subjects(66.6%) belonged to the lower socioeconomic strata with 120(75%) living with children.Most of the subjects(70.6%) studied below the primary level of education.As detected on Goldberg General Health Questionnaire-12,56.9% of the subjects had psychological morbidity.On Dementia Assessment by Rapid Test,33.1%of subjects were screened positive.The pattern of abuse reported was as follows:emotional abuse(16.9%),physical abuse(7.5%),sexual abuse(1.9%) and social neglect(1 8.1%).The social support score was found to be46.22(12.22).Conclusion The results of this community-based study signify that appropriate steps at the policy level need to be undertaken so that abuse as well as neglect can be prevented.In addition,screening the elderly population helps to detect early cognitive dysfunction,psychological morbidity,abuse victims and individuals with poor support.
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