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Experiences with a violence and mental health safety protocol for a randomized controlled trial to support youth living with HIV

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Global Health Research and Policy 2021年第1期6卷 87-96页

作者： Katherine G.merrill Jonathan K.mwansa Sam miti virginia m.burke Elizabeth A.Abrams Christiana Frimpong michele R.Decker Jacquelyn C.Campbell Julie A.Denison Department of International Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe StreetBaltimoreMD 21205USA Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital NdolaZambia Department of Population Family and Reproductive HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Community-Public Health Johns Hopkins School of NursingBaltimoreMDUSA Present Address:Department of medicine University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Background:Safety protocols are an essential component of studies addressing violence and mental health but are rarely described in the published literature from Sub-Saharan *** designed and implemented a safety protocol within Project YES!(Youth Engaging for Success),which enrolled 276 youth living with HIV(ages 15–24 years)in a randomized controlled trial of a peer-mentoring intervention across four HIV clinics in Ndola,***:Youth who reported severe violence and/or suicidal thoughts on research surveys or during meetings with youth peer mentors(YPm)were referred to designated healthcare providers(HCP).We explored experiences with the safety protocol using:a)monitoring data of referrals,and b)in-depth interviews with youth(n=82),HCP(n=10),YPm(n=8),and staff(n=6).Descriptive statistics were generated and thematic analysis of coded transcripts and written memos ***:Nearly half of youth enrolled(48%of females,41%of males)were referred to a HCP at least *** first referral was most often for sexual violence(35%)and/or suicidal ideation/depression(29%).All referred youth aged 15–17 years and over 80%of referred youth aged 18+agreed to see a *** referred 15%for additional services outside the ***-nine youth,all HCP,all YPm,and all staff interviewed discussed the safety *** youth felt“encouraged,”“helped,”“unburdened,”and“relieved”by their meetings with HCP;some expressed concerns about meeting with *** safety protocol helped HCP recognize the need to integrate care for violence and mental health with medication adherence ***,YPm,and study staff raised implementation challenges,including youth choosing not to open up to HCP,time and resource constraints,deficiencies in HCP training,and stigma and cultural norms inhibiting referrals outside the clinic for emotional trauma and mental ***:Implementing a safety protocol within an HIV clinic-based research study is possible and beneficial for

关键词： Safety protocol Referral Violence mental health HIV Youth Zambia

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Indirect traumatic optic neuropathy:modeling optic nerve injury in the context of closed head trauma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第4期14卷 593-594页

作者： Emma G.burke Shelby m.Cansler Nathan K.Evanson medical College of Georgia Augusta University Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati

Traumatic optic neuropathy:Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in the United *** impacts people of all ages and demographics,particularly younger males and members of the *** loss is commonly associated with traumatic brain injuries of all severities and can leave patients permanently *** vision loss can be caused by injury to the visual system at multiple levels,including the eyes,optic nerves,and many different sites in the brain and brainstem(Sen,2017).Despite the far-reaching effects of visual impairment after traumatic brain injury,its incidence after traumatic brain injury is not well measured,and few successful treatments have been identified or implemented.

关键词： Traumatic optic neuropathy Traumatic brain injury disability and mortality

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marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple,geologically variable stressors

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第10期3卷 22-38页

作者： m.mitchell J.Herman D.m.Bilkovic C.Hershner virginia Institute of marine Science College of William&MaryGloucester PointVAUSA

Introduction:marshes contribute to habitat and water quality in estuaries and coastal *** importance to continued ecosystem functioning has led to concerns about their ***:Concurrent with sea-level rise,marshes are eroding and appear to be disappearing through ponding in their interior;in addition,in many places,they are being replaced with shoreline stabilization *** examined the changes in marsh extent over the past 40 years within a subestuary of Chesapeake Bay,the largest estuary in the United States,to better understand the effects of sea-level rise and human pressure on marsh ***:Approximately 30 years ago,an inventory of York River estuary marshes documented the historic extent of *** were resurveyed in 2010 to examine shifts in tidal marsh extent and *** change varied spatially along the estuary,with watershed changes between a 32%loss and an 11%gain in marsh *** of marsh was apparent in high energy sections of the estuary while there was marsh gain in the upper/riverine section of the estuary and where forested hummocks on marsh islands have become *** showed little change in the small tributary creeks,except in the creeks dominated by fringing marshes and high shoreline ***:Differential resilience to sea-level rise and spatial variations in erosion,sediment supply,and human development have resulted in spatially variable changes in specific marsh extents and are predicted to lead to a redistribution of marshes along the estuarine gradient,with consequences for their unique communities.

关键词： Chesapeake Bay climate change coastal resilience marsh change salt marsh sea-level rise tidal wetlands

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Teriparatide anabolic therapy as potential treatment of type Ⅱ dens non-union fractures

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第1期8卷 82-86页

作者： Enrico Pola virginia Pambianco Debora Colangelo virginia m Formica Giovanni Autore Luigi A Nasto Spinal Unit Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology"A.Gemelli" University HospitalCatholic University of Rome Centre for Spine Studies and Surgery Queen’sMedical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust

Odontoid fractures account for 5% to 15% of all cervical spine injuries and 1% to 2% of all spine fractures. Type Ⅱ fractures are the most common fracture pattern in elderly patients. Treatment(rigid and non-rigid immobilization, anterior screw fixation of the odontoid and posterior C1-C2 fusion) remains controversial and represents a unique challenge for the treating surgeon. The aims of treatment in the elderly is to quickly restore pre-injury function while decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with inactivity, immobilization with rigid collar and prolonged hospitalization. Conservative treatment of type Ⅱ odontoid fractures is associated with relatively high rates of non-union and in a few cases delayed instability. Options for treatment of symptomatic non-unions include surgical fixation or prolonged rigid immobilization. In this report we present the case of a 73-year-old woman with post-traumatic odontoid nonunion successfully treated with Teriparatide systemic anabolic therapy. Complete fusion and resolution of the symptoms was achieved 12 wk after the onset of the treatment. Several animal and clinical studies have confirmed the potential role of Teriparatide in enhancing fracture healing. Our case suggests that Teriparatide may have a role in improving fusion rates of C2 fractures in elderly patients.

关键词： Type Ⅱ odontoid fractures Non-union Anabolic therapy Teriparatide Fracture healing

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State-of-the-art review on multi-criteria decision-making in the transport sector

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第4期7卷 413-431页

作者： George Yannis Angeliki Kopsacheili Anastasios Dragomanovits virginia Petraki Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering National Technical University of AthensZografou 15773Greece Attiko metro S.A. Athens 11525Greece

Consistent decision-making requires a structured and systematic evaluation of advantages and disadvantages of different choice *** transport projects,policies or policy measures,and transport options evaluation,various multi-criteria methods have been developed and effectively applied to complement conventional cost effectiveness and cost benefit *** present paper aims to present a state-of-the-art review of pertinent literature regarding multi-criteria decision-making(mCD m)in the transport sector,focusing on the basic concepts and procedure for multi-criteria decision-making in the transport sector,along with its role and evaluation parameters.A large selection of over 50 papers and publications between 1982 and 2019 have been reviewed,in order to provide an insight into the uses of mCDm methods in transport *** commonly used mCDm metho ds techniques are identified and discussed through a wide review of pertinent literature,research and case studies,leading to interesting conclusions that provide a valuable insight into the use of multicriteria analysis techniques in transport sector related *** on the wide range of reviewed literature,it is concluded that mCDm methods are being applied mostly to evaluate transport options rather than transport policies or projects and the most commonly used mCDm method in transport sector problems are analytic hierarchy process(AHP).

关键词： Traffic engineering multi-criteria analysis multiple-attribute decision-making multiple-objective decision-making

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前列腺素而非一氧化氮是鳟主动脉内皮细胞舒血管因子(英文)

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2000年第10期21卷 10-15页

作者： virginia m mILLER,Paul m VANHOUTTE Departments of Surgery and Physiology and Bio-physics mayo Clinic and Foundation 200 First Street SW Rochester mN 55905 USA Institut De Recherches Internationales Servier 6 place des Pléiades 92415 Courbevoie Cedex France

AIm:To identify the type of prostanoids produced by endothelial cells of trout aorta and to determine whether or not the smooth muscle responds to nitric oxide. mETHODS:Ventral aortas, with and without endotheli-um from rainbow trout (S gairdneri), were incubated in a buffered salt solution. RESULTS:Addition of the calcium ionophore A23187 caused a significant increase in prostaglandin E's and a consistent increase in the stable metabolite of prostacyclin (6-keto-prostaglandin F1a) in the incubation media only when the endothelium was present. This production was inhibited by methylene blue (10umol/L). In rings of trout aorta without endothelium suspended for the measurement of isometric force in organ chambers,prostacyclin and prostaglandin E1 but not prostaglandin E2 caused concentration-dependent decreases in tension when the rings were contracted with acetyl-choline. The smooth muscle did not relax to nitric oxide but did so to sodium nitroprusside. Relaxations to the latter nitrovasodilator were no

关键词：乙酰胆碱钙离子载体牛蛙亚甲蓝

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White (Trifolium repensL.) and Arrowleaf (Trifolium vesiculosumSavi) Clover Emergence in Varying Loblolly Pine (Pinus taedaL.) Tree Alley Spacings

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第4期10卷 659-669页

作者： Taylor C.Adams Dirk Philipp David m.Burner John Jennings Becky mc Peake Amanda J.Ashworth Daniel H.Pote Joan m.burke Robert Rhein Department of Poultry Science University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Animal Science Department University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Retired US Department of AgricultureDale Bumpers Small Farms Research CenterBoonevilleARUSA Cooperative Extension Service University of ArkansasLittle RockARUSA US Department of Agriculture Poultry Production and Product Safety Research UnitFayettevilleARUSA US Department of Agriculture Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research CenterBoonevilleARUSA

Agroforestry systems have the potential to provide year-long income opportunities via the integrated forage or crop, timber, and livestock. Legumes are an attractive alternative option during the growing season when more traditional forages may not be as productive. The objective of this study was to test the establishment of arrowleaf and white clover grown under varying pine tree alley widths. In 2011, existing forage was removed in 15-yr old loblolly pine tree row alleys of different widths (3.7, 4.9, 7.3, and 9.8 m), including an open area. Arrowleaf, as an annual, was replanted in 2012. Seedlings were counted twice/year, while dry matter was measured three times/year. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was measured in all alley widths to compare light penetration through the canopy. Hot and dry conditions occurred throughout 2012, affecting results. In 2012 and 2013, the greatest PAR for most treatments was observed in June. Seedling counts for all treatments were greatest immediately after establishment, and gradually declined throughout the course of the study. Dry matter yields increased throughout the growing season, and were greatest in arrowleaf clover in the open area on all measurement dates;however, increased weed pressure and repeated flooding affected yields. This study demonstrated that clover establishment in shady wooded areas is possible, but only under suitable environmental conditions.

关键词： White Clover Arrowleaf Clover Dry matter Yield Seedling Count Agroforestry

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Health Emergency and Disaster Risk management: Five Years into Implementation of the Sendai Framework

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第2期11卷 206-217页

作者： Natalie Wright Lucy Fagan Jostacio mLapitan Ryoma Kayano Jonathan Abrahams Qudsia Huda virginia murray Global Public Health Public Health EnglandLondon SE18UGUK Disaster Risk management and Resilience Unit Health Security Preparedness DepartmentWorld Health OrganizationGeneva 1211Switzerland WHO Centre for Health Development(WHO Kobe Centre) KobeHyogo 651-0073Japan

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recognizes health at the heart of disaster risk management(DRm)at the global policy *** years on,it has catalyzed the rapid development of the field of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk management(Health EDRm)by providing a mandate for building partnerships as well as enhancing scientific *** milestones achieved include publication of the World Health Organization’s Health EDRm Framework,development of the WHO Thematic Platform for Health EDRm and the WHO Health EDRm Research Network,and further application of health information principles to ***,health actors at all levels have continued to engage in the Sendai Framework processes and have had a key role in its implementation and proposed *** have been significant gains made through the partnership of health and DRm,but the relationship has not been without its *** national,regional,and global initiatives continue to operate with a lack of consistency and of linkages to respond to the Sendai Framework’s call for embedding health resilience in DRm,and conversely,embedding DRm in health *** this hurdle is important,and doing so will be a key marker of success of the next 10 years of partnership under the Sendai Framework.

关键词： Data collection Disaster risk management Health emergencies Research networks Sendai Framework

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Solvent-free microwave-assisted synthesis of tenorite nanoparticle-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2019年第6期35卷 1121-1127页

作者： Jennifer A. Rudd Cathren E. Gowenlock virginia Gomez Ewa Kazimierska Abdullah m. Al-Enizi Enrico Andreoli Andrew R. Barron Energy Safety Research Institute Swansea University Bay Campus Swansea SA1 8EN UK Chemistry Department College of Sciences KingSaud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA

Copper-decorated carbon nanotubes(CNTs) have important applications as precursors for ultraconductive copper wires. Tenorite-decorated CNTs(CuO-CNTs) are ideal candidates and are currently developed using laborious processes. For this reason, we have developed a facile and scalable method for the synthesis of CuO-CNTs from copper acetate. It was found that the optimal loading of copper acetate onto the CNTs was 23.1 wt% and that three 1-minute microwave treatments were sufficient for the decomposition of copper acetate to copper oxide. The loading of copper oxide onto the nanotubes was confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The materials were characterised using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.

关键词： microwave-assisted synthesis multi-walled carbon nanotubes Tenorite Nanoparticle

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CRITICAL ISSUES OF POWDER mETALLURGY TURBINE DISKS

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1996年第6期9卷 467-471页

作者： K.m. Chang(Department of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,West virginia University, P.O. Box 6160, morgantown,WV 26506, USA West virginia Univ Morgantown United States

P/m superalloy disks obtain their final strength by appropriate heat treatments; the maximum attainable strength depends on the rapid cooling rate from the solution annealing. A rapid quench of a large disk forging can cause two problems, surface cracking and shape *** the past,many attempts employ the finite element code to model and to predict temperature evolution and induced stress distribution in a large turbine disk. The major difficulty was the correct description of alloy behavior; particularly the thermomechanical properties and the failure criteria of material during the cooling. High temperature fatigue resistance is always the key requirement for disk materials. New methodology of residual life management emphasizes the initiation as well as the propagation of the cracks developed under the service conditions. One of major challenges to P/m superalloys is the time-dependent behavior of fatigue cracking, which relates to the well-known SAGBO (stress-assisted grain boundary oxidation) phenomenon.A great effort has been done to understand the micro-mechanism of time-dependent fatigue crack propagation resulted in the second generation of P/m superalloys. Further improvement on temperature capability of disk alloys at rim area may lead to the idea of dual-property *** grain structures at different portions of a large disk are possible,as the property requirements for different locations are different. This goal is achievable if the thermal history at specific disk locations can be controlled to develop desirable microstructures and *** suggestions on the future direction of research efforts will be discused.

关键词： superalloy disk,powder metallurgy (P/m) quench cracking,fatigue crack propagation SAGBO (stress-assisted grain boundary oxidation),dual-property disk grain size

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