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Gut microbiome supplementation as therapy for metabolic syndrome

World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第10期14卷 1502-1513页

作者： Mc Anto Antony Aniqa Chowdhury Dinesh Edem Rishi Raj Priyanshu Nain Mansi Joglekar vipin verma Ravi Kant Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMedical University of South Carolina/AnMed CampusAndersonSC 29621United States Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAK 72205United States Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismPikeville Medical CenterPikevilleKY 41501United States Department of Graduate Medical Education Maulana Azad Medical CollegeDelhi 110002India Department of Internal Medicine Medical University of South Carolina/AnMed CampusAndersonSC 29621United States

The gut microbiome is defined as an ecological community of commensal symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms that exist in our *** microbiome dysbiosis is a condition of dysregulated and disrupted intestinal bacterial homeostasis,and recent evidence has shown that dysbiosis is related to chronic inflammation,insulin resistance,cardiovascular diseases(CVD),type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and *** is well known that obesity,T2DM and CVD are caused or worsened by multiple factors like genetic predisposition,environmental factors,unhealthy high calorie diets,and sedentary ***,recent evidence from human and mouse models suggest that the gut microbiome is also an active player in the modulation of metabolic syndrome,a set of risk factors including obesity,hyperglycemia,and dyslipidemia that increase the risk for CVD,T2DM,and other *** research aims to identify treatments to increase the number of beneficial microbiota in the gut microbiome in order to modulate metabolic syndrome by reducing chronic inflammation and insulin *** is increasing interest in supplements,classified as prebiotics,probiotics,synbiotics,or postbiotics,and their effect on the gut microbiome and metabolic *** this review article,we have summarized current research on these supplements that are available to improve the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota and to reduce the harmful ones in patients with metabolic syndrome.

关键词： Gut dysbiosis Metabolic syndrome Diabetes mellitus Prebiotics Probiotics Postbiotics

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Prevention of macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Review of cardiovascular safety and efficacy of newer diabetes medications

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第6期10卷 324-332页

作者： Ravi Kant Kashif M Munir Arshpreet Kaur vipin verma Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Nutrition Medical University of South Carolina/Anmed Campus Anderson SC 29621 United States Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Nutrition University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 United States Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Nutrition Sinai Hospital Baltimore MD 21215 United States Department of Medicine Medical University of South Carolina/Anmed Campus Anderson SC 29621 United States

Lack of conclusive beneficial effects of strict glycemic control on macrovascular complications has been very frustrating for clinicians involved in care of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Highly publicized controversy surrounding cardiovascular (CV) safety of rosiglitazone resulted in major changes in United States Food and Drug Administration policy in 2008 regarding approval process of new antidiabetic medications, which has resulted in revolutionary data from several large CV outcome trials over the last few years. All drugs in glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor classes have shown to be CV safe with heterogeneous results on CV efficacy. Given twofold higher CV disease mortality in patients with DM than without DM, GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2-inhibitors are important additions to clinician’s armamentarium and should be second line-therapy particularly in patients with T2DM and established atherosclerotic CV disease or high risks for CV disease. Abundance of data and heterogeneity in CV outcome trials results can make it difficult for clinicians, particularly primary care physicians, to stay updated with all the recent evidence. The scope of this comprehensive review will focus on all major CV outcome studies evaluating CV safety and efficacy of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors.

关键词： Newer antidiabetic medications Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors Type 2 diabetes mellitus Macrovascular complications Cardiovascular outcome trials Major cardiovascular events Heart failure Prevention of heart disease

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Gut microbiota interactions with anti-diabetic medications and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Methodology 2022年第4期12卷 246-257页

作者： Ravi Kant Lakshya Chandra vipin verma Priyanshu Nain Diego Bello Siddharth Patel Subash Ala Rashmi Chandra Mc Anto Antony Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMedical University of South CarolinaAndersonSC 29621United States Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismAnMed HealthAndersonSC 29621United States Department of Internal Medicine St Francis HospitalGreenvilleSC 29601United States Department of Internal Medicine Medical University of South CarolinaAndersonSC 29621United States Department of Internal Medicine AnMed HealthAndersonSC 29621United States Department of Graduate Medical Education Maulana Azad Medical CollegeDelhi 110002India Department of Surgery AnMed HealthAndersonSC 29621United States Department of Internal Medicine Decatur Morgan HospitalDecaturAL 35601United States

Microorganisms including bacteria,viruses,protozoa,and fungi living in the gastrointestinal tract are collectively known as the gut *** is the imbalance in microbial composition on or inside the body relative to healthy *** Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and decreased abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila are the predominant gut dysbiosis associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and metabolic *** mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis,and metabolic diseases and their complications include altered metabolism of short-chain fatty acids and bile acids,interaction with gut hormones,increased gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide,bacterial translocation/Leaky gut syndrome,and endotoxin production such as *** association between the gut microbiota and glycemic agents,however,is much less understood and is the growing focus of research and *** studies suggest that the gut microbiota and anti-diabetic medications are interdependent on each other,meaning that while anti-diabetic medications alter the gut microbiota,the gut microbiota also alters the efficacy of anti-diabetic *** increasing evidence regarding the significance of gut microbiota,it is imperative to review the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of *** review also discusses the interaction between gut microbiota and the various medications used in the treatment of T2DM.

关键词： Metabolic disease Gut microbiota Cardiovascular disease Short chain fatty acid Dysbiosis Trimethylamine-N-oxide

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Facial Expression Recognition with High Response-Based Local Directional Pattern (HR-LDP) Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2067-2086页

作者： Sherly Alphonse Harshit verma School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia

Although lots of research has been done in recognizing facial expressions,there is still a need to increase the accuracy of facial expression recognition,particularly under uncontrolled *** use of Local Directional Patterns(LDP),which has good characteristics for emotion detection has yielded encouraging *** innova-tive end-to-end learnable High Response-based Local Directional Pattern(HR-LDP)network for facial emotion recognition is implemented by employing fixed convolutional filters in the proposed *** combining learnable convolutional layers with fixed-parameter HR-LDP layers made up of eight Kirsch filters and derivable simulated gate functions,this network considerably minimizes the number of network *** cost of the parameters in our fully linked layers is up to 64 times lesser than those in currently used deep learning-based detection *** seven well-known databases,including JAFFE,CK+,MMI,SFEW,OULU-CASIA and MUG,the recognition rates for seven-class facial expression recognition are 99.36%,99.2%,97.8%,60.4%,91.1%and 90.1%,*** results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed work over cutting-edge techniques.

关键词： Emotion classification CNN network HR-LDP

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Surface Modification Aspects for Improving Biomedical Properties in Implants:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： J.Sharath Kumar Rakesh Kumar Rajeev verma Industrial and Production Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The primary focus during surgery is to ensure successful implantation by achieving long-term and stable fixation of *** surgery is now more focused on the development of novel biomaterials intended to improve implant *** obtain a better understanding of metal implants,this article investigated the causes of material failures in certain cases and analysed a few case *** interaction between the implant and bone tissue was a crucial aspect of successful implantation,and this study explored the factors influencing this interaction as well as ways to improve *** modern approaches used for modifying implant surfaces were systematically illustrated and briefly *** spray coatings were often favoured because of their wide range of coating materials,but other substantial surface modifications(such as friction stir processing and laser surface texturing)were also used for a selection of ***,implant surfaces with desirable features,such as biocompatibility,antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance,and wear resistance,were essential for optimising implant *** systematic review's main aim is to provide exhaustive reference information and a broad overview to advance the production and design of orthopaedic implants.

关键词： Biomaterials Surface treatments Thermal spray coatings Antibacterial Biocompatibility Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

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Role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular diseases

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第4期12卷 110-122页

作者： Marko Novakovic Amit Rout Thomas Kingsley Robert Kirchoff Amteshwar Singh vipin verma Ravi Kant Rahul Chaudhary Department of Internal Medicine Sinai Hospital of BaltimoreBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hospital Internal MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hospital MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Internal Medicine Medical University of South Carolina/AnMed CampusCharlestonSC 29425United States Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and NutritionMedical University of South Carolina/Anmed CampusAndersonSC 29621United States

The human gut is colonized by a community of microbiota,primarily bacteria,that exist in a symbiotic relationship with the *** microbiota-host interactions play a critical role in the regulation of human *** changes to the composition of gut microbiota,referred to as gut dysbiosis,has been linked to the development and progression of numerous diseases,including cardiovascular disease(CVD).Imbalances in host-microbial interaction impair homeostatic mechanisms that regulate health and can activate multiple pathways leading to CVD risk factor *** CVD risk factors,including aging,obesity,dietary patterns,and a sedentary lifestyle,have been shown to induce gut *** is associated with intestinal inflammation and reduced integrity of the gut barrier,which in turn increases circulating levels of bacterial structural components and microbial metabolites,including trimethylamine-N-oxide and short-chain fatty acids,that may facilitate the development of *** article reviews the normal function and composition of the gut microbiome,mechanisms leading to the leaky gut syndrome,its mechanistic link to CVD and potential novel therapeutic approaches aimed towards restoring gut microbiome and CVD *** CVD is the leading cause of deaths globally,investigating the gut microbiota as a locus of intervention presents a novel and clinically relevant avenue for future research.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Coronary artery disease Gut microbiota Dysbiosis Thrombosis

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Dynamics of some new solutions to the coupled DSW equations traveling horizontally on the seabed

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第2期9卷 154-163页

作者： Raj Kumar Ravi Shankar verma Department of Mathematics Faculty of Engineering&TechnologyVeer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal UniversityJaunpur 222003India

The system of(1+1)-coupled Drinfel’d-Sokolov-Wilson equations describes the surface gravity waves travelling horizontally on the *** objective of the present research is to construct a new variety of analytical solutions for the *** invariants are derived with the aid of Killing form by using the optimal algebra classification via Lie symmetry *** invariant solutions involve time,space variables,and arbitrary *** adequate constraints on arbitrary constants,solutions are represented graphically to make them more applicable in designing sea *** behavior of solutions shows asymptotic,bell-shaped,bright and dark soliton,bright soliton,parabolic,bright and kink,kink,and periodic *** constructed results are novel as the reported results[26,28,29,30,33,38,42,49]can be deduced from the results derived in this *** remaining solutions derived in this study,are absolutely different from the earlier *** this study,the physical character of analytical solutions of the system could aid coastal engineers in creating models of beaches and ports.

关键词： Coupled Drinfel’d-Sokolov-Wilson model Invariants Killing form Optimal sub algebra Lie symmetry reductions

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Evaluation of slope stability through rock mass classification and kinematic analysis of some major slopes along NH-1A from Ramban to Banihal, North Western Himalayas

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit Jaiswal A.K.verma T.N.Singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

The network of Himalayan roadways and highways connects some remote regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vital for India’s socio-economic *** to natural and artificial factors,frequency of slope instabilities along the networks has been increasing over last few *** of stability of natural and artificial slopes due to construction of these connecting road networks is significant in safely executing these roads throughout the *** rock mass classification methods are generally used to assess the strength and deformability of rock *** study assesses slope stability along the NH-1A of Ramban district of North Western *** structurally and non-structurally controlled rock mass classification systems have been applied to assess the stability conditions of 14 *** evaluating the stability of these slopes,kinematic analysis was performed along with geological strength index(GSI),rock mass rating(RMR),continuous slope mass rating(CoSMR),slope mass rating(SMR),and Q-slope in the present *** SMR gives three slopes as completely unstable while CoSMR suggests four slopes as completely *** stability of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart under dynamic and static conditions by slope stability rating(SSR)for the factor of safety(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respectively.Q-slope with probability of failure(PoF)1%gives two slopes as stable *** slope angle has been determined based on the Q-slope safe angle equation and SSR design chart based on the *** value ranges given by different empirical classifications were RMR(37-74),GSI(27.3-58.5),SMR(11-59),and CoSMR(3.39-74.56).Good relationship was found among RMR&SSR and RMR&GSI with correlation coefficient(R 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,***,a comparative stability of all these slopes based on the above classification has been performed to identify the most critical slope along this road.

关键词： Rock mass classification Kinematic analysis Slope stability Himalayan road Static and dynamic conditions

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Recent advances in reservoir characterization:Introduction

Energy Geoscience

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 180-182页

作者： Shib Sankar Ganguli A.Vasanthi Sumit verma CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute(NGRI) HyderabadIndia Endeavor Energy Resources LPUSA

Reservoir characterization refers to the process of creating a comprehensive model that characterizes the reservoir based on its ability to store and produce *** includes analyzing reservoir fluid behavior under various conditions and identifying optimal production techniques to maximize hydrocarbon *** this,a holistic understanding is required that integrates data from geophysics,geostatistics,petrophysics,geology,and reservoir engineering.

关键词： reservoir geology geophysics

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Dengue causing relapse of minimal change disease: A double-edged sword

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第5期17卷 237-238页

作者： Sourabh Sharma Himanshu verma Sanjay Kalra Department of Nephrology VMMC&Safdarjung HospitalNew DelhiIndia Department of Endocrinology Bharti HospitalKarnalIndia

Dengue virus infection is endemic in India with seasonal *** can lead to lethal consequences with plasma leakage and/or bleeding[1,2].Dengue shock syndrome has high mortality in developing countries like *** can cause functional proteinuria and even heavy proteinuria[3-6].Though dengue has been implicated to cause glomerulonephritis[7],to the best of our knowledge,dengue as a cause of relapse of minimal change disease(MCD)has not been reported.

关键词： relapse mortality bleeding

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