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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第1期14卷 40-46页

作者： Jyotsana Bakshi Somnath singh KP Mishra DRDO Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences DelhiIndia

Objective:To investigate the underlying mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of coumarin and eugenol in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 ***:RAW 264.7 cells were treated with 2.5μg/mL of LPS,50μM of coumarin,and 50μM eugenol for 24 *** viability of the cells was assessed using MTT *** production of nitric oxide was determined using Griess reagent and DCFH-DA was used to measure the production of reactive oxygen *** protein expression of NLRP3,IL-1β,NF-κB,and cyclooxygenase 2 was assessed using Western blot ***:Coumarin and eugenol showed anti-inflammatory effects against LPS-induced inflammatory response by ameliorating the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB,which further led to a subsequent reduction in IL-1β,nitric oxide,and reactive oxygen ***:Coumarin and eugenol exert their anti-inflammatory activities by modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and NF-κ*** compounds may have promising therapeutic applications for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.

关键词： Inflammation Cytokines Coumarin Eugenol NLRP3 LPS

Incense smoke(IS)inhalation exposure system:Physicochemical characterization,IS particle deposition and clearance in human airway using MPPD model

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 271-285页

作者： Vyas Kumar Hafsa Hashmi Anshita Nasreen Ghazi Ansari Jyotsna singh Inhalation Toxicology Facility Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow22001UPIndi Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcsSIR) Ghaziabad201002UPIndia Analytical Chemistry Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow226001UPIndia

Incense smoke(IS)is source of indoor air pollution and key risk for diverse human *** in-formation is available regarding controlled IS rodent inhalation exposure system and IS particulate matter(PM)deposition in human *** aimed to demonstrate stable ISPM physicochemical parameters of 10 incense products inside the customized whole body inhalation exposure chamber(without animal)connected to smoke generation unit via aerosol mixing *** analyzed for size segregated PM emission,ISPM in vitro aerodynamics(MMAD and GSD determination),fine and ultrafine particle's SEM,SEM-EDX and PAH *** real life exposure scenario by utilizing MMAD,GSD and PM concentration after Tier 1 exposure assessment as key input parameters,ISPM dosimetry in infant(3 months)and adult(21 years male and female)human airways was calculated using multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD 3.04)*** median aerodynamic diameter(MMAD)and geo-metric standard deviation(GSD)ranged between 0.55 and 2.10μm and 1.22 to 1.77(polydisperse)***1.0 and PM0.1 showed multiple morphology and presence of heavy and trace *** like acenaphthylene,anthracene,fluorene,naphthalene and phenanthrene were detected(0.84-143.17μg/g).MPPD results showed higher ISPM deposition in pulmonary region and lowest in trachea bronchial *** deposition in tissue was higher in lower,peripheral lung as compared to upper and central lung *** body inhalation exposure system showed stable IS atmosphere(physi-cochemical parameters)indicating the device suitability in future inhalation *** ISPM deposition fraction and clearance data showed deep lung penetrating and retention behavior with higher risk in infant followed by female and then *** modeled particle deposition and clearance data may be useful in risk assessment analysis of IS.

关键词： Inhalation Incense smoke Multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD) Particle deposition Particulate matter(PM) Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) Human airway

Hopf bifurcation in a delayed prey-predator model with prey refuge involving fear effect

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第5期17卷 1-32页

作者： Ankit Parwaliya Anuraj singh Ajay Kumar Department of Applied Sciences ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and ManagementGwalior 474015India

This work investigates a prey-predator model featuring a Holling-type II functional response,in which the fear effect of predation on the prey species,as well as prey refuge,are ***,the model assumes that the growth rate of the prey population decreases as a result of the fear of ***,the detection of the predator by the prey species is subject to a delay known as the fear response delay,which is incorporated into the *** paper establishes the preliminary conditions for the solution of the delayed model,including positivity,boundedness and *** paper discusses the existence and stability of equilibrium points in the *** particular,the paper considers the discrete delay as a bifurcation parameter,demonstrating that the system undergoes Hopf bifurcation at a critical value of the delay *** direction and stability of periodic solutions are determined using central manifold and normal form ***,the global stability of the model is established at axial and positive equilibrium *** extensive numerical simulation is presented to validate the analytical findings,including the continuation of the equilibrium branch for positive equilibrium points.

关键词： Hopf bifurcation fear effect prey refuge periodic solutions time delay branch off

Evaluation of slope stability through rock mass classification and kinematic analysis of some major slopes along NH-1A from Ramban to Banihal, North Western Himalayas

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit Jaiswal A.K.Verma T.N.singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

The network of Himalayan roadways and highways connects some remote regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vital for India’s socio-economic *** to natural and artificial factors,frequency of slope instabilities along the networks has been increasing over last few *** of stability of natural and artificial slopes due to construction of these connecting road networks is significant in safely executing these roads throughout the *** rock mass classification methods are generally used to assess the strength and deformability of rock *** study assesses slope stability along the NH-1A of Ramban district of North Western *** structurally and non-structurally controlled rock mass classification systems have been applied to assess the stability conditions of 14 *** evaluating the stability of these slopes,kinematic analysis was performed along with geological strength index(GSI),rock mass rating(RMR),continuous slope mass rating(CoSMR),slope mass rating(SMR),and Q-slope in the present *** SMR gives three slopes as completely unstable while CoSMR suggests four slopes as completely *** stability of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart under dynamic and static conditions by slope stability rating(SSR)for the factor of safety(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respectively.Q-slope with probability of failure(PoF)1%gives two slopes as stable *** slope angle has been determined based on the Q-slope safe angle equation and SSR design chart based on the *** value ranges given by different empirical classifications were RMR(37-74),GSI(27.3-58.5),SMR(11-59),and CoSMR(3.39-74.56).Good relationship was found among RMR&SSR and RMR&GSI with correlation coefficient(R 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,***,a comparative stability of all these slopes based on the above classification has been performed to identify the most critical slope along this road.

关键词： Rock mass classification Kinematic analysis Slope stability Himalayan road Static and dynamic conditions

New insights into the therapeutic approaches for the treatment of tauopathies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1020-1026页

作者： Himanshi singh Asmita Das Mohammad Moshahid Khan Tayebeh Pourmotabbed Department of Microbiology Immunology and BiochemistryUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA Department of Biotechnology Delhi Technological UniversityShahbad DaulatpurDelhiIndia Department of Neurology College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA Neuroscience Institute University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA Center for Muscle Metabolism and NeuropathologyDivision of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences and Department of Physical TherapyCollege of Health ProfessionsUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Tauopathies are a group of neurological disorders,including Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia,which involve progressive neurodegeneration,cognitive deficits,and aberrant tau protein *** development of tauopathies cannot currently be stopped or slowed down by treatment *** the significant contribution of tau burden in primary tauopathies and the strong association between pathogenic tau accumulation and cognitive deficits,there has been a lot of interest in creating therapies that can alleviate tau pathology and render neuroprotective ***,small molecules,immunotherapies,and gene therapy have been used to reduce the pathological tau burden and prevent neurodegeneration in animal models of ***,the major pitfall of the current therapeutic approach is the difficulty of drugs and gene-targeting modalities to cross the blood-brain barrier and their unintended side *** this review,the current therapeutic strategies used for tauopathies including the use of oligonucleotide-based gene therapy approaches that have shown a promising result for the treatment of tauopathies and Alzheimer’s disease in preclinical animal models,have been discussed.

关键词： dementia gene therapies immunotherapy neurodegeneration oligonucleotides tau tauopathies therapies

Emerging roles of microRNAs as diagnostics and potential therapeutic interest in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 525-537页

作者： Dharmsheel Shrivastav Desh Deepak singh Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity University RajasthanJaipur 303002India

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a metabolic disease of impaired glucose *** high sugar levels lead to advanced glycation end products(AGEs),which affects several metabolic pathways by its receptor of advanced glycation end products(RAGE)and causes diabetic *** are small RNA molecules which regulate genes linked to diabetes and affect AGEs pathogenesis,and target tissues,influencing health and disease *** To explore miRNA roles in T2DM's metabolic pathways for potential therapeutic and diagnostic advancements in diabetes *** We systematically searched the electronic database PubMed using *** included free,full-length research articles that evaluate the role of miRNAs in T2DM and its complications,focusing on genetic and molecular disease *** assessing the full-length papers of the shortlisted articles,we included 12 research *** Several types of miRNAs are linked in metabolic pathways which are affected by AGE/RAGE axis in T2DM and its ***-96-5p,miR-7-5p,miR-132,has_circ_0071106,miR-143,miR-21,miR-145-5p,and more are associated with various aspects of T2DM,including disease risk,diagnostic markers,complications,and gene *** Targeting the AGE/RAGE axis,with a focus on miRNA regulation,holds promise for managing T2DM and its *** have therapeutic potential as they can influence the metabolic pathways affected by AGEs and RAGE,potentially reducing inflammation,oxidative stress,and vascular ***,miRNAs may serve as early diagnostic biomarkers for *** research in this area may lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for diabetes and its associated complications.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus MicroRNAs Advanced glycation end products Receptor for advanced glycation end products

Investigation of performance and emission characteristics using ethanol-blended gasoline fuel as a flex-fuel in two-wheeler vehicle mounted on a chassis dynamometer

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 174-193页

作者： Gupta, Sourabh Kanchan, Sumit Kaur, Rupinder Sandhu, Sarbjot singh Lovely Profess Univ Sch Mech Engn Phagwara Punjab India Lovely Profess Univ Div Innovat & Entrepreneurship Phagwara Punjab India Dr BR Ambedkar Natl Inst Technol Dept Mech Engn Jalandhar India

This study investigated the performance and emissions of flex fuels in a 110-cc BS6-compliant fuel-injected two-wheeler without ethanol adaptation adjustments. The tests were carried out under controlled conditions on a chassis dynamometer at 1000, 2000 and 3000 r.p.m. using ethanol blends from 10% ethanol (E10) to 85% ethanol (E85). Parameters examined included brake power (BP) output, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), peak in-cylinder pressure and exhaust temperature. Emissions, including carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and unregulated emissions, were also assessed. As the percentages of the ethanol blend increased from E10 to E85, there was a noticeable improvement in power output. At 1000 r.p.m., the BP ranged from 2.4 to 4.6 kW for different blends. The BSFC and the peak in-cylinder pressure followed a similar pattern, indicating enhanced performance and fuel efficiency with higher ethanol concentrations. Interestingly, using E85 at 1000 r.p.m. resulted in a significant 41.08% reduction in exhaust temperature compared with E10, although this difference decreased with higher blend percentages. Furthermore, replacing E10 with E85 at 1000 r.p.m. reduced CO and HC emissions by 9.17% and 38.34%, respectively. In contrast, NOx emissions increased at all r.p.m. levels with higher-ethanol blends, peaking at a 415 parts per million increase at 3000 r.p.m. However, unregulated emissions decreased significantly with increased r.p.m. and ethanol content. In summary, the use of flex-fuel blends in a two-wheeler resulted in a modest increase in BP output, improved fuel efficiency and lower CO and HC emissions. These findings are vital for optimizing ethanol blend utilization in two-wheeler engines under low-load conditions, considering both performance and environmental aspects. The performance and emissions of flex fuels in a 110-cc BS6-compliant fuel-injected two-wheeler are reported under controlled conditions on a chassis dynamometer a

关键词： flex fuel ethanol regulated emissions unregulated emissions chassis dynamometer performance characteristics EXHAUST-GAS RECIRCULATION ENGINE IMPACT ENERGY METHANOL

Therapeutic potential and pharmacological mechanism of visnagin

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 399-412页

作者： Poonam Yadav Sumeet Kumar singh Sayantap Datta Saloni Verma Aarti Verma Arnab Rakshit Anjana Bali Jasvinder singh Bhatti Amit Khurana Umashanker Navik Department of Pharmacology School of Health SciencesCentral University of PunjabBathindaPunjab 151401India Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX 77204-5000USA Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine School of Health SciencesCentral University of PunjabBathindaPunjab 151401India

Visnagin is a furanochromone and one of the most important compound in the Ammi visnaga(L.)Lam(a synonym of Visnaga daucoides Gaertn.)plant,which is used to cure various *** investigations into the bioactive properties of visnagin have been studied to *** literature on visnagin demonstrates its biological properties,including anti-inflammatory,anti-diabetic,and beneficial effects in cardiovascular and renal ***,visnagin improves sperm quality parameters,stimulates steroidogenesis,and increases serum gonadotropins and testosterone levels,while decreasing proinflammatory cytokines,oxidative damage,genomic instability,and it modulates ***,visnagin has emerged as an exciting lead for further research,owing to its potential in various unmet clinical *** current review summarized its basic structure,pharmacokinetics,and pharmacological effects,focusing on its mechanisms of *** review will help to understand the potential of visnagin as an alternative treatment strategy for several diseases and provide insight into research topics that need further exploration for visnagin’s safe clinical use.

关键词： Visnagin Phytochemical Anti-inflammatory Ammi visnaga L. Visnaga daucoides Gaertn Cancer

Bibliographic survey and comprehensive review on mechanical and durability properties of microorganism based self-healing concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 1445-1465页

作者： Md Marghoobul HAQUE Kunal M.SHELOTE Namrata singh Supratic GUPTA Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

Concrete is the most widely utilized material for construction purposes,second only to water,in the ever-increasing need for construction *** is a brittle material and possesses a high risk of crack formation and consequent ***,which allows chemicals to enter and can cause concrete structures to lose their physico-mechanical and durability *** and rehabilitating concrete structures involves high costs and leads to various repair methods including coating,adhesives,polymers,supplementary cementitious materials(SCMs),and *** of the latest technologies is the use of microorganisms in *** added microorganisms lead to calcite precipitation and thereby heal the cracks *** study presents a comprehensive literature survey on bacteria-included concrete,before which a bibliographic survey is performed using VOSViewer *** addition to regular bacterial concrete,this study focuses on also using SCMs and fibers in bacterial concrete.A detailed literature review with data representation for various mechanical properties including compressive strength(CS),split tensile strength(SS),and flexure strength(FS),along with durability properties including carbonation,water absorption,resistance against chloride ion penetration,gas permeation,and resistance against cyclic freeze-and-thaw is presented.A study on the use of X-ray computed tomography(XCT)in bacterial concrete is highlighted,and the scope for future research,along with identification of the research gap,is presented.

关键词： bacterial concrete bibliographic survey biomineralization carbonation fibers

Runx2 regulates peripheral nerve regeneration to promote Schwann cell migration and re-myelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1575-1583页

作者： Rong Hu Xinpeng Dun Lolita singh Matthew C.Banton School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina The Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Faculty of Health University of PlymouthPlymouthUK

Runx2 is a major regulator of osteoblast differentiation and function;however,the role of Runx2 in peripheral nerve repair is unclea ***,we analyzed Runx2expression following injury and found that it was specifically up-regulated in Schwann ***,using Schwann cell-specific Runx2 knocko ut mice,we studied peripheral nerve development and regeneration and found that multiple steps in the regeneration process following sciatic nerve injury were *** observed in Runx2 knoc kout mice include increased prolife ration of Schwann cells,impaired Schwann cell migration and axonal regrowth,reduced re-myelination of axo ns,and a block in macrophage clearance in the late stage of *** together,our findings indicate that Runx2 is a key regulator of Schwann cell plasticity,and therefore peripheral nerve ***,our study shows that Runx2 plays a major role in Schwann cell migration,re-myelination,and peripheral nerve functional recovery following injury.

关键词： macrophage clearance migration peripheral nerve injury regeneration re-myelination Runx2 Schwann cells