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Shared genetics and bidirectional causal relationships between type 2 diabetes and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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General Psychiatry 2023年第2期36卷 106-113页

作者： Ancha Baranova vikas chandhoke Hongbao Cao Fuquan Zhang School of Systems Biology George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginiaUSA Research Centre for Medical Genetics MoscowRussian Federation Institute of Neuropsychiatry The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Psychiatry The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Background Type 2 diabetes(T2D)is a chronic metabolic disorder with high comorbidity with mental *** genetic links between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)and T2D have yet to be *** We aim to assess shared genetics and potential associations between ADHD and *** We performed genetic correlation,two-sample Mendelian randomisation and polygenic overlap analyses between ADHD and *** genome-wide association study(GWAS)summary results of T2D(80154 cases and 853816 controls),ADHD2019(20183 cases and 35191 controls from the 2019 GWAS ADHD dataset)and ADHD2022(38691 cases and 275986 controls from the 2022 GWAS ADHD dataset)were used for the *** T2D dataset was obtained from the DIAGRAM *** ADHD datasets were obtained from the Psychiatric Genomics *** compared genome-wide association signals to reveal shared genetic variation between T2D and ADHD using the larger ADHD2022 ***,molecular pathways were constructed based on large-scale literature data to understand the connection between ADHD and *** T2D has positive genetic correlations with ADHD2019(rg=0.33)and ADHD2022(rg=0.31).Genetic liability to ADHD2019 was associated with an increased risk for T2D(odds ratio(OR):1.30,p<0.001),while genetic liability to ADHD2022 had a suggestive causal effect on T2D(OR:1.30,p=0.086).Genetic liability to T2D was associated with a higher risk for ADHD2019(OR:1.05,p=0.001)and ADHD2022(OR:1.03,p<0.001).The polygenic overlap analysis showed that most causal variants of T2D are shared with ADHD2022.T2D and ADHD2022 have three overlapping *** pathway analysis suggests that ADHD and T2D could promote the risk of each other through inflammatory *** Our study demonstrates substantial shared genetics and bidirectional causal associations between ADHD and T2D.

关键词： diabetes overlap causal

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Learning physically based material and lighting decompositions for face editing

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第2期10卷 295-308页

作者： Qian Zhang vikas Thamizharasan James Tompkin Brown University ProvidenceRhode Island 02906USA

Lighting is crucial for portrait photography,yet the complex interactions between the skin and incident light are expensive to model computationally in graphics and difficult to reconstruct analytically via computer ***,to allow fast and controllable reflectance and lighting editing,we developed a physically based decomposition through deep learned priors from path-traced portrait *** approaches that used simplified material models or low-frequency or low-dynamic-range lighting struggled to model specular reflections or relight directly without intermediate ***,we estimate the surface normal,skin albedo and roughness,and high-frequency HDRI maps,and propose an architecture to estimate both diffuse and specular reflectance *** our experiments,we show that this approach can represent the true appearance function more effectively than simpler baseline methods,leading to better generalization and higher-quality editing.

关键词： intrinsic decomposition portrait relighting inverse rendering deep learning

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Federated Learning on Internet of Things:Extensive and Systematic Review

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1795-1834页

作者： Meenakshi Aggarwal vikas Khullar Sunita Rani Thomas AndréProla Shyama Barna Bhattacharjee Sarowar Morshed Shawon Nitin Goyal Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpuraPunjab140401India Department of CSE&IT BPS Mahila VishwavidyalayaKhanpur KalanSonipatHaryana131305India Engineering Research&Innovation Group Universidad Europea del AtlánticoC/Isabel Torres 21Santander39011Spain Department of Project Management Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaAreciboPR00613USA Department of Project Management Universidade Internacional do CuanzaEstrada Nacional 250Bairro KaluapandaCuito-BiéAngola Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Chittagong(USTC)Chattogram4202Bangladesh Deptartment of EEE University of Science and Technology Chittagong(USTC)Chattogram4202Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and TechnologyCentral University of HaryanaMahendragarhHaryana123031India

The proliferation of IoT devices requires innovative approaches to gaining insights while preserving privacy and resources amid unprecedented data ***,FL development for IoT is still in its infancy and needs to be explored in various areas to understand the key challenges for deployment in real-world *** paper systematically reviewed the available literature using the PRISMA guiding *** study aims to provide a detailed overview of the increasing use of FL in IoT networks,including the architecture and challenges.A systematic review approach is used to collect,categorize and analyze FL-IoT-based *** was performed in the IEEE,Elsevier,Arxiv,ACM,and WOS databases and 92 articles were finally *** measures were published in English and with the keywords“FL”and“IoT”.The methodology begins with an overview of recent advances in FL and the IoT,followed by a discussion of how these two technologies can be *** be more specific,we examine and evaluate the capabilities of FL by talking about communication protocols,frameworks and *** then present a comprehensive analysis of the use of FL in a number of key IoT applications,including smart healthcare,smart transportation,smart cities,smart industry,smart finance,and smart *** key findings from this analysis of FL IoT services and applications are also ***,we performed a comparative analysis with FL IID(independent and identical data)and non-ID,traditional centralized deep learning(DL)*** concluded that FL has better performance,especially in terms of privacy protection and resource *** is excellent for preserving privacy becausemodel training takes place on individual devices or edge nodes,eliminating the need for centralized data aggregation,which poses significant privacy *** facilitate development in this rapidly evolving field,the insights presented are intended to help practitioners and re

关键词： Internet of Things federated learning PRISMA framework of FL applications of FL data privacy communication

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Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in in-hospital mortality in sepsis patients:A cross-sectional study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2024年第3期13卷 106-110页

作者： Pankaj Kumar Jain Manoj Seval vikas Meena Dinesh Kumar Meena Department of Internal Medicine Government Medical CollegeKotaIndia

Objective:To explore the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in in-hospital mortality in sepsis ***:A prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with *** data about the patient’s demography,medical history,general examination including pulse rate,blood pressure,etc,use of vasopressor support,need for renal replacement therapy,mechanical ventilation,outcome,and lab parameters including total lymphocyte count with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were *** parameters between survivals and non-survivals were ***:Out of 100 patients,80%were from rural *** patients were 50 to 59 years old.26 Patients were *** patients in the nonsurvivor group were older and more had a history of diabetes mellitus when compared with the survivor *** non-survivor group had a higher NLR,APACHE栻,and SOFA ***:NLR is a readily available parameter and can be used as a good prognostic indicator for mortality in sepsis patients.

关键词： Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio Sepsis Intensive Care Unit Mortality APACHE score SOFA score

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Quantile-Based Shannon Entropy for Record Statistics

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2023年第2期11卷 283-306页

作者： vikas Kumar Bhawna Dangi Department of Applied Sciences University Institute of Engineering and TechnologyM.D.UniversityRohtak 124001India

The quantile-based entropy measures possess some unique properties than their distribution function *** present communication deals with the study of the quantile-based Shannon entropy for record *** this regard a generalized model is considered for which cumulative distribution function or probability density function does not exist and various examples are provided for illustration *** we consider the dynamic versions of the proposed entropy measure for record statistics and also give a characterization result for *** the end,we study F^(α)-family of distributions for the proposed entropy measure.

关键词： Shannon entropy Record value Quantile function Quantile entropy F^(α)-family

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Machine learning classification approach for formation delineation at the basin-scale

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Petroleum Research 2022年第2期7卷 165-176页

作者： Derek Vikara vikas Khanna Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261United States KeyLogic Systems LLCMorgantownWV26505United States Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261United States

Machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches have rapidly gained popularity for use in many subsurface energy *** are seen as novel methods that may enhance existing capabilities,providing for improved efficiency in exploration and production ***,their inte-gration into reservoir management workflows may shape the future landscape of the energy *** study implements a framework that generates predictive models using multiple machine learning classification-based algorithms which can identify specific stratigraphic units(i.e.,formations)as a function of total vertical depth and spatial *** framework is applied in a case study to 13 specific formations of interest(Upper Spraberry through Atoka/Morrow reservoirs)in the Midland Basin,West Texas,United States;a prominent hydrocarbon producing sub-basin of the larger Permian *** study dataset consists of over 275,000 records and includes data fields like formation iden-tifier,true vertical depth(in feet)of formations observed,and latitude and longitude coordinates(in decimal degrees).A subset of 134,374 data records were relevant to the 13 distinct formations of interest and were extracted and used for machine learning model training,validation,and *** super-vised learning approaches including random forest(RF),gradient boosting(GB),support vector machine(SVM),and multilayer perceptron neural network(MLP)were evaluated and their prediction accuracy *** best performing model was ultimately built on the RF algorithm and is capable of an overall prediction accuracy of 93 percent on holdout *** RF-based model demonstrated high prediction accuracy for major oil and gas producing zones including the San Andres,Upper Spraberry,Lower Spraberry,Clearfork,and Wolfcamp at 98,94,89,94,and 94 percent ***,the resulting data-driven model provides a robust,cost-effective approach which can complement contemporary reservoir manag

关键词： Permian basin Midland basin K-means clustering Random forest Classification machine learning

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Enhanced photoluminescence from CdS nanocrystals encapsulated by PVP and SHMP

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Optoelectronics Letters 2022年第5期18卷 257-262页

作者： vikas Lahariya Saral Kumar Gupta Department of Physics Amity School of Applied SciencesAmity UniversityHaryana122413India Department of Physics Banasthali VidyapeethRajasthanIndia

The effects of the stabilizing agent on the structural and luminescence properties of cadmium sulfide(CdS)nanocrystals have been *** were prepared by chemical precipitation method using sodium hexametaphosphate(SHMP)and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP).The structural and optical properties have been studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)absorption,photoluminescence(PL)and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)*** patterns confirm the presence of cubic zinc blend crystal structure with space group *** results show the variation in crystallite size with change in *** shift in absorption edge as compared to bulk CdS is *** results represent broad and very intense red emission with smaller particle size due to modification of surface emitting states with surfactant.

关键词： spectroscopy surfactant absorption

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Anticoagulant use before COVID-19 diagnosis prevent COVID-19 associated acute venous thromboembolism or not:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 141-162页

作者： Kinza Iqbal Akshat Banga Taha Bin Arif Sawai Singh Rathore Abhishek Bhurwal Syeda Kisa Batool Naqvi Muhammad Mehdi Pankaj Kumar Mitali Madhu Salklan Ayman Iqbal Jawad Ahmed Nikhil Sharma Amos Lal Rahul Kashyap vikas Bansal Juan Pablo Domecq Department of Internal Medicine Dow Medical CollegeKarachi 74200Pakistan Department of Internal Medicine Sawai Man Singh Medical CollegeJaipur 302004India Department of Internal Medicine Dr.Sampurnanand Medical CollegeJodhpur 342003RajasthanIndia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of MedicineNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States Department of Internal Medicine Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesRohtak 124001HaryanaIndia Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Research Wellspan HealthYorkPA 17403United States

BACKGROUND Coagulopathy and thromboembolic events are associated with poor outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** is conflicting evidence on the effects of chronic anticoagulation on mortality and severity of COVID-19 *** To summarize the body of evidence on the effects of pre-hospital anticoagulation on outcomes in COVID-19 *** A Literature search was performed on LitCovid PubMed,WHO,and Scopus databases from inception(December 2019)till June 2023 for original studies reporting an association between prior use of anticoagulants and patient outcomes in adults with *** primary outcome was the risk of thromboembolic events in COVID-19 patients taking *** outcomes included COVID-19 disease severity,in terms of intensive care unit admission or invasive mechanical ventilation/intubation requirement in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection,and *** random effects models were used to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios(aORs)with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs).RESULTS Forty-six observational studies met our inclusion *** unadjusted analysis found no association between prior anticoagulation and thromboembolic event risk[n=43851,9 studies,odds ratio(OR)=0.67(0.22,2.07);P=0.49;I2=95%].The association between prior anticoagulation and disease severity was non-significant[n=186782;22 studies,OR=1.08(0.78,1.49);P=0.64;I2=89%].However,pre-hospital anticoagulation significantly increased all-cause mortality risk[n=207292;35 studies,OR=1.72(1.37,2.17);P<0.00001;I2=93%].Pooling adjusted estimates revealed a statistically non-significant association between pre-hospital anticoagulation and thromboembolic event risk[aOR=0.87(0.42,1.80);P=0.71],mortality[aOR=0.94(0.84,1.05);P=0.31],and disease severity[aOR=0.96(0.72,1.26);P=0.76].CONCLUSION Prehospital anticoagulation was not significantly associated with reduced risk of thromboembolic events,improved survival,and lower disease seve

关键词： Prior anticoagulation COVID-19 Prehospital anticoagulation Chronic anticoagulation Mortality Severity Thromboembolic events

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Glucose measurement via Raman spectroscopy of graphene:Principles and operation

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Nano Research 2022年第10期15卷 8697-8704页

作者： Alireza Ahmadianyazdi Ngoc Hoang Lan Nguyen Jie Xu vikas Berry Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60607USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60607USA

The sensitivity of graphene’s Raman characteristics to external perturbations can be exploited for sensing *** apply this principle,Raman spectroscopy of graphene in contact with a chemical/biological analyte is recorded to unravel a correlation between analyte’s physical/chemical/biological properties and electronic properties(Fermi energy and dopants level)of *** an example,we demonstrate the principle and operation of glucose measurement using graphene’s Raman spectroscopy,utilizing both affinity and enzymatic detection *** the affinity detection,we monitor Raman spectrum of graphene in contact with a glucose containing sample to quantify the attachment of glucose onto 1-pyrene boronic acid(PBA)functionalized *** is revealed that glucose covalent bond to PBA induces n-type doping in graphene and increases its Fermi level following the Hill–Langmuir *** the enzymatic detection,we show that graphene’s Fermi energy shifts due to the biocatalytic oxidation of glucose by immobilized glucose oxidase(GOx)*** a result,graphene becomes p-doped with increasing glucose *** attribute this sensitivity to a re-distribution of ionic charges within the electric double layer(EDL)of graphene upon introducing the glucose *** model explains both our affinity and enzymatic glucose detection *** glucose detection,our graphene Raman spectroscopy-based sensor(GRS)may extend its applications to a broader range of remote and non-invasive detection without the need to employ electronics such as field-effect transistors.

关键词： graphene Raman spectroscopy glucose affinity detection glucose oxidase

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Utilization of kinase inhibitors as novel therapeutic drug targets:A review

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Oncology Research 2022年第5期30卷 221-230页

作者： SUCHITRA NISHAL vikas JHAWAT SUMEET GUPTA PARMITA PHAUGAT Department of Pharmacy School of Medical and Allied SciencesGD Goenka UniversityGurugramIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be)UniversityMullanaAmbalaHaryanaIndia

Kinase inhibitors are a signiﬁcant and continuously developing division of target *** drug discovery and improvement efforts have examined numerous attempts to target the signaling pathway of *** Kinase inhibitors have been heralded as a game-changer in cancer *** developing kinase inhibitors as a treatment for various non-malignant disorders like auto-immune diseases,is currently undergoing extensive *** may be beneﬁcial to investigate whether cell-speciﬁc kinase inhibitor administration enhances therapeutic efﬁcacy and decreases adverse *** goal of the current review is to gain insight into the role of kinase inhibitors in facilitating effective target drug delivery for the treatment of various anti-inﬂammatory,auto-immune,and anticancer *** aim of this review is also to shed light on drug discovery approaches for kinase inhibitors,their mode of action,and delivery *** variation in the binding of kinases bestows different target approaches in drug design,which can be employed for designing the targeted *** target sites have been studied,exceeding the design of drugs for various diseases like cancer,Alzheimer’s,rheumatoid arthritis,*** delivery approaches have also been studied for the targeted application of kinase inhibitors.

关键词： Kinase inhibitors Targeted Drug designing Anti-cancer Auto-immune diseases

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