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An enhanced method for predicting and analysing forest fires using an attention-based CNN model

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 115-127页

作者： Shaifali bhatt Usha Chouhan Department of Mathematics Bioinformatics and Computer ApplicationsMANIT BhopalBhopalIndia

Prediction,prevention,and control of forest fires are crucial on at all *** effective fire detection systems can aid in their *** study proposes a novel CNN(convolutional neural network)using an attention blocks module which combines an attention module with numerous input layers to enhance the performance of neural *** suggested model focuses on predicting the damage affected/burned areas due to possible wildfires and evaluating the multilateral interactions between the pertinent *** results show the impacts of CNN using attention blocks for feature extraction and to better understand how ecosystems are affected by meteorological *** selected meteorological data,RMSE 12.08 and MAE 7.45 values provide higher predictive power for selecting relevant and necessary features to provide optimal performance with less operational and computational *** findings show that the suggested strategy is reliable and effective for planning and managing fire-prone regions as well as for predicting forest fire damage.

关键词： CNN Attention module Fire prediction Ecosystem Damage prediction

Clinical approach to diarrheal disorders in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

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World Journal of Hematology 2016年第1期5卷 23-30页

作者： Shadi Hamdeh Abd Almonem M Abdelrahman Osama Elsallabi Ranjan Pathak Smith Giri Kailash Mosalpuria vijaya raj bhatt Department of Internal Medicine Creighton University School of Medicine Department of Medicine Reading Health System Reading Department of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology-Oncology University of Nebraska Medical Center

Diarrhea is a common complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant(HSCT), with an average incidence of approximately 40%-50%. A wide variety of etiologies can contribute to diarrhea in HSCT patients, including medication-induced mucosal inflammation, infections, graft-vs-host disease and cord colitis syndrome in umbilical cord blood transplant. Clinical manifestations can vary from isolated diarrheal episodes, to other organ involvement including pneumonia or myocarditis, and rarely multiorgan failure. The approach for diagnosis of diarrheal disorders in HSCT patients depends on the most likely cause. Given the risk of life-threatening conditions, the development of clinically significant diarrhea requires prompt evaluation, supportive care and specific therapy, as indicated. Serious metabolic and nutritional disturbances can happen in HSCT patients, and may even lead to mortality. In this review, we aim to provide a practical approach to diagnosis and management of diarrhea in the post-transplant period.

关键词： Diarrhea Medication-induced diarrhea Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant Enteric infection Graft-vs-host disease

Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement (DSNS) on Glycemic Response in Prediabetic Adults: A Two-Armed, Open-Labelled Randomized Controlled Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 612-643页

作者： Deepti Khanna Kejal Joshi Reddy Hema S. Gopalan Jaladhi bhatt Jayanti Gupta Simran Sethi Parth Joshi Manoj Pareek Department of R&D Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Mumbai India Cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

It is well known that Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplements (DSNSs) are linked to improved glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. However, data on efficacy of DSNSs in prediabetics is limited. This was a two-armed, open-labelled, randomized controlled six-week study on 199 prediabetics [30 - 65 years;Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 5.7% - 6.4% and/or Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) 100-125 mg/dl]. Two parallel phases were conducted: Acute Blood Glucose Response (ABGR) and Intervention phase. Prediabetic participants were randomized into test (n = 100) and control (n = 99). The primary objective was to assess the ABGR of DSNS versus an isocaloric snack, measured by incremental Area under the Curve (iAUC). Test and control received 60 g of DSNS and 56 g of isocaloric snack (cornflakes) respectively, both in 250 ml double-toned milk on visit days 1, 15, 29 and 43. Postprandial Blood Glucose (PPG) was estimated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. During the 4 weeks intervention phase, the test group received DSNS with lifestyle counselling (DSNS + LC) and was compared with the control receiving lifestyle counselling alone (LC alone). Impact was studied on FBG, HbA1C, anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, nutrient intake, and physical activity. The impact of DSNS was also studied using CGM between two 14-day phases: CGM1 baseline (days 1 - 14) and CGM2 endline (days 28 - 42). DSNS showed significantly lower PPG versus isocaloric snack at 30 (p 12, and chromium were reported by DSNS + LC versus LC alone. No other significant changes were reported between groups. It may be concluded that DSNS may be considered as a snack for prediabetic or hyperglycemic individuals requiring nutritional support for improved glycemic control.

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement Prediabetes Acute Blood Glucose Response Incremental Area under Curve Lifestyle Counselling

Evaluation of Human Impacts on Bartlett Pond Ecosystem, Laredo, Southern Texas, USA, through Empirical Modeling

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 497-526页

作者： Maya P. bhatt Amede Rubio Ganesh B. Malla Cristobal Lopez Virginia Morales Erick Vazquez Cano David Marquez Orlando Berumen Alvarez Alfred Addo-Mensah Department of Biology and Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA Department of Mathematics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Batavia USA

The trace elements chemistry of Bartlett Pond, a small shallow wetland pond in Laredo, Southern Texas, was sampled to evaluate the dynamics of trace elements impacts on water quality and ecosystems ecology of the pond. Two types of fish (bass and tilapia) were also sampled to see the trace element accumulation in different parts of their body. The concentrations of trace elements in water samples were found in the following order: Fe ≫Sb > Pb > As ≫Co > Tl > Cr > Cd within Bartlett Pond. Overall, the water quality of the pond is unacceptable for drinking and any other purposes as trace element concentrations (e.g. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, Fe, Sb and Tl) are exceedingly higher (several fold) than the WHO and US EPA guidelines. Predictive and correlation analysis shows that most trace elements exhibit a strong positive correlation among them indicating the same anthropogenic sources and biogeochemical processes regulate these trace elements within the pond. Distributions of the trace elements in water exhibit different shapes mostly as positively skewed distribution for As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Tl, symmetrical distribution for Fe and almost symmetrical distribution for Pb and Sb. Concentrations of As, Co and Tl accumulated much higher in different parts of the Bass than Tilapia fish. The concentrations of As, Tl, Co, and Sb appeared significantly higher in different parts of the body of both Bass and Tilapia than the maximum SRM certified values. Accumulation of these contaminants in fish tissues pose increased health risks to humans who consume these contaminated fish although fishing is prohibited. Anthropogenic activities in the region primarily degrade the whole pond ecosystem ecology of the Bartlett Pond and waters of this pond to be not recommended for any use. These findings may be useful for the scientific community and concerned authorities to improve understanding about these precious natural resources and conservation of the ecosystem ecology.

关键词： Trace Elements Bartlett Pond Laredo Southern Texas Wetlands Ecosystem Ecology

Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement on Glycemic, Anthropometric, Dietary and Gut Health Markers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: An RCT

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 846-867页

作者： Deepti Khanna Hema S. Gopalan Kuzhandaivelu Abirami Vasudevan Sudha rajagopal Gayatri Kejal Joshi-Reddy Jaladhi bhatt Raman Ganesh Jeevan Karthikeyan Parkavi Vadivel Deepika Manoj Pareek Ranjit Mohan Anjana Viswanathan Mohan R&D Department Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Department of Foods Nutrition & Dietetics Research Madras Diabetes Research Foundation Chennai India Department of Diabetology Dr. Mohans Diabetes Specialities Centre Chennai India

With increasing incidence of diabetes, use of diabetes specific nutrition supplements (DSNS) is common for better management of the disease. To study effect of 12-week DSNS supplementation on glycemic markers, anthropometry, lipid profile, SCFAs, and gut microbiome in individuals with diabetes. Markers studied were glycemic [Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Post Prandial Glucose (PPG), HbA1c, Incremental Area under curve (iAUC), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (MAGE), Time in/above Range (TIR/TAR)], anthropometry [weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)], lipid profile, diet and gut health [plasma short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)]. N = 210 adults were randomized to receive either DSNS with standard care (DSNS + SC;n = 105) or standard care alone (SC alone;n = 105). After 12 weeks, significant differences between DSNS + SC versus SC alone was observed in FBG [−3 ± 6 vs 14 ± 6 mg/dl;p = 0.03], PPG [−35 ± 9 vs −3 ± 9 mg/dl;p = 0.01], weight [−0.6 ± 0.1 vs 0.2 ± 0.1 kg;p = 0.0001], BMI [−0.3 ± 0.1 vs 0.1 ± 0.1 kg/m2;p = 0.0001] and WC [−0.3 ± 0.2 vs 0.2 ± 0.2 cm;p = 0.01]. HbA1C and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly reduced in DSNS + SC [−0.2 ± 0.9;p = 0.04 and −5 mg/dl;p = 0.03] respectively with no change in control. Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) reported significant differences between DSNS + SC versus SC alone for mean glucose [−12 ± 65 vs 28 ± 93 mg/dl;p < 0.01], TAR 180 [−9 ± 42 vs 7 ± 45 mg/dl;p = 0.04], TAR 250 [−3 ± 27 vs 9 ± 38 mg/dl;p = 0.05], iAUC [−192 (1.1) vs −48 (1.1) mg/dl;p = 0.03]. MAGE was significantly reduced for both DSNS + SC (−19 ± 67;p < 0.001) and SC alone (−8 ± 70;p = 0.04), with reduction being more pronounced for DSNS + SC. DSNS + SC reported a decrease in carbohydrate energy % [−9.4 (−11.3, −7.6) %;p < 0.0001] and amount [−47.4 (−67.1, −27.7) g;p < 0.0001], increased dietary fiber [9.5 (7.2, 11.8) g;p < 0.0001] and protein energy % [0.9 (0.5, 1.3) %;p < 0.0001] versus SC alone. DSNS + SC reported signi

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement Standard of Care Diabetes Glycemic Markers HbA1C

Bird assemblages in natural and urbanized habitats along elevational gradient in Nainital district （western Himalaya） of Uttarakhand state, India

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Current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 318-329页

作者： Dinesh bhatt Kamal Kant JOSHI Avian Diversity and Bioacoustics Lab Department of Zoology and Environmental Science Gurukula Kangri University Harid- war 249 404 Uttarakhand India

The Indian subcontinent is amongst the biologically better known parts of the tropics and its bird fauna has been well documented. However, avian community composition and diversity along elevational gradients and amongst habitat types remains unclear in India. We attempted to estimate bird assemblages in terms of diversity, species composition, status and abun- dance in urban and forest habitats of Nainital district of Uttarakhand （350-2450 m asl; 29N）, Western Himalayas. We sampled different elevational gradients and to understand the effect of urbanization and season on avian community composition. Field studies were conducted during January 2005 to January 2007. Results indicated that the forest had more complex bird community structure in terms of higher species richness （14.35 vs 8.69）, higher species diversity （Shannon＇s index 4.00 vs 3.54）, higher evenness （0.838 vs 0.811） and more rare species （17 vs 5） as compared to urban habitat. However, the abundance of 11 species was higher in urban habitats. Bird Species Richness （BSR） varied considerably among study areas （91 to 113 species）, was high- est （113 species） at mid elevation （1450-1700 m asl） and decreased （22 species） at high elevation （1900-2450 m asl）. It seems that high BSR at mid altitudes is not caused by the presence of a group of mid altitude specialists but rather that there is an over- lap in the distribution of low land and high elevation specialists at this altitude. BSR and Bird Species Diversity fluctuated across seasons but not habitat type [Current Zoology 57 （3）： 318-329,2011].

关键词： Avian biodiversity Western Himalaya Urbanization

Ion Conduction in Superionic Glassy Electrolytes:An Overview

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第3期29卷 193-208页

作者： Angesh Chandra Alok bhatt Archana Chandra Department of Applied Physics Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Prof.Manag.& Tech.Raipur 492015C.G.India Department of Applied Physics M.P Christian College of Engg.& Tech.Bhilai 490026C.G.India

The various theoretical and experimental models for ion conduction mechanism of fast ion conducting （FIC） glass electrolytes have been reported in the present review paper. Some characterization techniques of FIC glasses are presented. The experimental methods for determination of some ion transport parameters viz ionic conductivity （σ）, ionic mobility （μ）, mobile ion concentration （n）, ionic drift velocity （Vd）, ionic transference number （tion） and activation energies of FIC glasses are explained. The solid state battery fabrication by using some FIC glasses is also reported.

关键词： Ion conduction Glassy solid electrolyte Fast ion conducting (FIC) glass Superionic solid Relaxation phenomenon

Quantum Cryptography for Internet of Things Security

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2019年第3期17卷 213-220页

作者： Alekha Parimal bhatt Anand Sharma the Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mody University of Science and Technology

Internet of things (IoT) is a developing technology with a lot of scope in the future. It can ease various different tasks for us. On one hand, IoT is useful for us, on the other hand, it has many serious security threats, like data breaches, side-channel attacks, and virus and data authentication. Classical cryptographic algorithms, like the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) algorithm, work well under the classical computers. But the technology is slowly shifting towards quantum computing, which has immense processing power and is more than enough to break the current cryptographic algorithms easily. So it is required that we have to design quantum cryptographic algorithms to prevent our systems from security breaches even before quantum computers come in the market for commercial uses. IoT will also be one of the disciplines, which needs to be secured to prevent any malicious activities. In this paper, we review the common security threats in IoT and the presently available solutions with their drawbacks. Then quantum cryptography is introduced with some of its variations. And finally, the analysis has been carried out in terms of the pros and cons of implementing quantum cryptography for IoT security.

关键词： Internet of things quantum computing quantum cryptography security

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基于卷积神经网络的砌体墙震后破坏评估

基于卷积神经网络的砌体墙震后破坏评估

作者： NAV raj bhatt 哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

建筑物震后损伤评估是地震灾害损失评估、震后恢复和重建工作的重要内容之一。建筑物震后损伤评估要现场找出结构损伤或破坏位置并对其进行分类统计和分析,它不仅提供了有关任何结构中损坏构件的数量和类别的重要信息,还帮助我们发现导... 详细信息

建筑物震后损伤评估是地震灾害损失评估、震后恢复和重建工作的重要内容之一。建筑物震后损伤评估要现场找出结构损伤或破坏位置并对其进行分类统计和分析,它不仅提供了有关任何结构中损坏构件的数量和类别的重要信息,还帮助我们发现导致损坏的可能的结构缺陷。传统的损伤评估技术包括由工程师或专家对每个受损结构进行目视检查,这种检查方式不仅危险、耗时,而且需要大量熟练人力。基于计算机视觉的结构损伤识别技术已经成为结构监测和检测领域中一个极为先进和创新的研究方向,并逐渐受到了土木工程研究人员的关注。计算机视觉技术的主要优点是非接触、远距离、高精度、更大的覆盖范围以及可通过移动设备和无人机进行识别。本论文主要研究更易受地震影响的砌体结构的损伤评估。首先,本论文对卷积神经网络（CNN）理论进行了回顾和讨论,分析了迁移学习,超参数调试,卷积可视化等算法。同时,对砌体结构墙体在地震中可能发生的多类损伤（如对角裂缝、拐角分离、分层和平面外破坏等）进行了分类。其次,本文提出了一种通过在Image Net数据集上预先训练的VGG16模型上应用微调和转移学习而构建的深度CNN模型架构。梯度加权类激活映射（GradCAM）技术用于解决损坏的定位问题。最后,将本论文的方法应用于砌体结构墙体的损伤评估,对具有不同网络参数的多个模型在训练、测试和验证集结果进行了对比分析,并给出了基于GradCAM注意力机制的损伤定位图。结果表明,所提出模型的整体性能在表征和定位损伤方面表现出良好的一致性和鲁棒性。论文的结果证明了该模型在实际应用中的可行性。

关键词：计算机视觉地震损伤评估砌体结构卷积神经网络梯度加权类激活映射