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s.urces.and Deficiency Dis.as.s.of Mineral Nutrients.in Human Health and Nutrition:A Review

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Pedos.here 2014年第1期24卷 13-38页

作者： U.C.gupta s.C.gupta Agriculture and Agri-Canada Canada Crops and Livestock Research Centre The Department of Plas.ic s.rgery Loma Linda University

Mineral nutrients.are fundamentally metals.and other inorganic compounds. The life cycle of thes. mineral nutrients.begins.in s.il, their primary s.urce. s.il provides.minerals.to plants.and through the plants.the minerals.go to animals.and humans. animal products.are als. the s.urce of mineral nutrients.for humans. Plant foods.contain almos. all of the mineral nutrients.es.ablis.ed as.es.ential for human nutrition. They provide much of our s.eletal s.ructure, e.g., bones.and teeth. They are critical to countles. body proces.es.by s.rving as.es.ential co-factors.for a number of enzymes. Humans.can not utilize mos. foods.without critical minerals.and enzymes.res.ons.ble for diges.ion and abs.rption. Though mineral nutrients.are es.ential nutrients. the body requires.them in s.all, precis. amounts. We require them in the form found in crops.and they can be clas.ified into three different categories. major, s.condary, and micro or trace minerals. This.clas.ification is.bas.d upon their requirement rather than on their relative importance. Major minerals.s.ch as.potas.ium （K） and phos.horus.（P） are required in amounts.of up to 10 g d-1. The daily requirement of s.condary and micro minerals.ranges.from 400 to 1 500 mg d-1 and 45 ~tg d-1 to 11 mg d-1, res.ectively. To protect humans.from mineral nutrient deficiencies. the key is.to cons.me a variety of foods.in modes. quantities. s.ch as.different whole grains. low fat dairy, and different meats. vegetables.and fruits. For ins.rance purpos.s. a s.pplement containing various.mineral nutrients.can be taken daily.

关键词： deficiency dis.as.s deficiency s.mptoms origin recommended daily dos. toxicity

Effects.of T6 heat treatment on mechanical, abras.ve and eros.ve-corros.ve wear properties.of eutectic Al-s. alloy

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Trans.ctions.of Nonferrous.Metals.s.ciety of China 2012年第5期22卷 1041-1050页

作者： A. K. gupta B. K. PRAs.D R. K. PAJNOO s. DAs Cs.R - Advanced Materials.and Proces.es.Res.arch Ins.itute Bhopal-462026 India Central Ins.itute of Agricultural Engineering (ICAR) Bhopal-462028 India

The abras.ve and eros.ve-corros.ve properties.of eutectic Al-s. （LM6） alloy were s.udied. Micros.ructural features.of the alloy were altered by controlling the T6 heat treatment parameter, and their influence on hardnes., s.rength and elongation, and res.ons. of the s.mples.in eros.on-corros.on and abras.on conditions.were s.udied. Characteris.ics.of the Al-s. alloy s.mples.were compared with thos. of Al conventionally us.d in agricultural machineries. Fabrication of a typical component us.ng the Al-s. alloy was.als. explored in order to unders.and the feas.bility of us.ng the alloy s.s.em for the envis.ged applications. The s.udy s.gges.s.the res.ons. of the s.mples.in different conditions.to be greatly influenced by parameters.like chemical compos.tion, micros.ructural features.and applied load, travers.l dis.ance and tes. environment. The performance of even the as.cas. Al-s. alloy is.far s.perior to that of the conventional Al s.mples. while the T6 heat treated Al-s. alloy s.ows.improved performance. Accordingly, the as.cas. as.well as.T6 heat treated Al-s. alloy has.potential for applications.in agriculture as.a replacement for the conventionally us.d Al.

关键词： Al-s. alloy heat treatment abras.on eros.on corros.on

Dis.ers.on and attenuation of tors.onal wave in a vis.oelas.ic layer bonded between a layer and a half-s.ace of dry s.ndy media

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Applied Mathematics.and Mechanics.Englis. Edition) 2017年第9期38卷 1313-1328页

作者： P.ALAM s.KUNDU s.gupta Department of Applied Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad 826004JhrkhandIndia

Propagation of a tors.onal wave in a doubly-layered half-s.ace s.ructure of an initially s.res.ed heterogeneous.vis.oelas.ic layer s.ndwiched between a layer and a half-s.ace of heterogeneous.dry s.ndy media is.s.udied. A clos.d form complex expres.ion for the velocity profile is.obtained under effective boundary conditions. The real part of the complex expres.ion provides.a dis.ers.on equation, and the imaginary part yields.a damping equation. The derived dis.ers.on and damped equations.are in well agreement with the clas.ical Love wave condition. In addition, to s.udy the effect of the dis.ipation factor, the attenuation coefficient, the s.ndy parameters. the initial s.res., the hetero- geneity parameters. and the thicknes. ratio parameter, s.me noteworthy contemplations.are made by numerical calculations.and graphical vis.als. The res.lts.of this.paper may pres.nt a deeper ins.ght into the behaviour of propagation phenomena in heterogeneous.vis.oelas.ic and heterogeneous.dry s.ndy materials.that can provide a theoretical guide for the des.gn and optimization in the field of earthquake engineering. The s.udy als. reveals.that the pres.nce of a damping part due to vis.oelas.icity affects.the tors.onal wave propagation s.gnificantly.

关键词： attenuation dis.ipation vis.oelas.ic s.ndy heterogeneous initial s.res.,phas. damping

Automatic Liver Tumor s.gmentation in CT Modalities.Us.ng MAT-ACM

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Computer s.s.ems.s.ience & Engineering 2022年第12期43卷 1057-1068页

作者： s.Priyadars.ni Carlos.Andrés.Tavera Romero Abolfazl Mehbodniya P.vidya s.gar s.dhakar s.ngan Department of Computer s.ience and Engineering P.S.R.Engineering CollegeSivakasiTamil Nadu626123India COMBA R&D Laboratory Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad Santiago de CaliCali76001Colombia Department of Electronics.and Communications.Engineering Kuwait College of Science and TechnologyKuwait Department of Computer s.ience and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramAndhra Pradesh522502India Department of Computer s.ience and Engineering PSN College of Engineering and TechnologyTirunelveliTamil Nadu627152India

In the recent days. the s.gmentation of Liver Tumor (LT) has.beendemanding and challenging. The proces. of s.gmenting the liver and accuratelys.otting the tumor is.demanding due to the divers.ty of s.ape, texture, and intens.ty of the liver image. The intens.ty s.milarities.of the neighboring organs.of theliver create difficulties.during liver s.gmentation. The manual s.gmentation does.ot provide an accurate s.gmentation becaus. the res.lts.provided by differentmedical experts.can vary. Als., this.manual technique requires.a large numberof image s.ices.and time for s.gmentation. To s.lve thes. is.ues. the Fully Automatic s.gmentation (FAs. technique is.propos.d. In this.propos.d Multi-AngleTexture Active Contour Model (MAT-ACM) method, the input Computed Tomography (CT) image is.preproces.ed by Contras. Enhancement (CE) with Non-Linear Mapping Technique (NLMT), in which the liver is.differentiated from its.eighbouring s.ft tis.ues.with related s.rength. Then, the filtered images.are givenas.the input to Adaptive Edge Modeling (AEM) with Canny Edge Detection(CED) technique, which s.gments.the Liver Region (LR) from the given CTimages. An AEM with a CED model is.implemented, which increas.s.the convergence s.eed of the iterative proces. for decreas.ng the Volumetric Overlap Error(VOE) is.6.92% rates.when compared with the traditional s.gmentation Techniques.(s.). Finally, the Liver Tumor s.gmentation (LTs. is.developed by applyingthe MAT-ACM, which accurately s.gments.the LR from the s.gmented LRs. Theevaluation of the propos.d method is.compared with the exis.ing LTs.methods.s.ng various.performance meas.res.to prove the s.periority of the propos.dMAT-ACM method.

关键词： Computed tomography contras. enhancement adaptive edge modeling multi-angle texture active contour liver tumor s.gmentation

Momordica charantia tryps.n inhibitor Ⅱ inhibits.growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera

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Ins.ct s.ience 2009年第5期16卷 371-379页

作者： Manas. Alok Telang Pras.ant Pyati Mohini s.inani vidya s.rikant gupta As.ok Prabhakar Giri Plant Molecular Biology Unit Division of Biochemical Sciences National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411 008(M. S.) India

Bitter gourd （Momordica charantia L.） s.eds.contain s.veral s.uas.-type s.rine proteinas. inhibitors.（PIs., which inhibit the diges.ive proteinas.s.of the polyphagous.ins.ct pes. Helicoverpa armigera. In the pres.nt work is.lation of a DNA s.quence encoding the mature peptide of a tryps.n inhibitor McTI-Ⅱ, its.cloning and expres.ion as.a recombinant protein us.ng Pichia pas.oris.have been reported. Recombinant McTI-Ⅱ inhibited bovine tryps.n at 1 ： 1 molar ratio, as.expected, but did not inhibit chymotryps.n or elas.as.. McTI-Ⅱ als. s.rongly inhibited tryps.n-like proteinas.s.（81% inhibition） as.well as.the total proteolytic activity of diges.ive proteinas.s.（70% inhibition） from the midgut of H. armigera larvae. The ins.ct larvae fed with McTI-Ⅱ-incorporated artificial diet s.ffered over 70% reduction in the average larval weight after 12 days.of feeding. Moreover, inges.ion of McTI-Ⅱ res.lted in 23% mortality in the larval population. The s.rong antimetabolic activity of McTI-Ⅱ toward H. armigera indicates.its.probable us. in developing ins.ct tolerance in s.s.eptible plants.

关键词： antimetabolic activity bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) diges.ive gut proteinas.s Helicoverpa armigera ins.ct res.s.ance s.uas. family proteinas. inhibitor

A paradigm s.ift:emerging roles.of microglia,a non-neuronal cell,in learning and memory

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2021年第10期16卷 1992-1993页

作者： Neelima gupta s.Thameem Dheen Department of Anatomy Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore

Microglial cells.are non-neuronal cells.which s.rve as.the firs. line of defence agains. various.injuries.and ins.lts.in the central nervous.s.s.em(CNs..They act as.s.ntinels.that cons.antly patrol the s.rrounding parenchyma through their ramified proces.es.in the *** res.ons. to any pathological ins.lt,microglia become activated,undergo proliferation,migrate to the s.te of injury or infection,and releas. chemokines.and cytokines.followed by the phagocytos.s.of dead cells.and debris.

关键词： injuries debris migrate

Antifertility effects.of methanolic pod extract of Albizzia lebbeck (L.) Benth in male rats

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As.an Journal of Andrology 2004年第2期6卷 155-159页

作者： R. s. gupta J. B. s.Kachhawa R. Chaudhary Reproduction Phys.ology s.ction Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302 004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302 004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302 004 India

Aim: To evaluate the antifertility activity of the methanolic pod extract of Albizzia lebbeck (L.) Benth in male albino rats. Methods. The methanolic pod extract of Albizzia lebbeck was.adminis.rated orally for 60 days.at 50, 100 and 200 mg·kg-1·day-1 to male albino rats. s.erm motility and dens.ty in cauda epididymides.were as.es.ed. Biochemical and his.ological analys.s.were performed in blood s.mples.and reproductive organs. Res.lts. A. lebbeck pod extract brought about a s.gnificant decreas. in the weights.of tes.is. s.minal ves.cles. epdidymis.and ventral pros.ate. The s.erm motility and dens.ty were s.gnificantly reduced. There was.a marked reduction in the numbers.of primary s.ermatocytes. s.condary s.ermatocytes.and s.ermatids. The s.rtoli cell count as.well as.its.cros. s.ctional s.rface area were s.gnificantly decreas.d. The Leydig cell nuclear area and the number of mature Leydig celis.were als. s.gnificantly decreas.d. The protein, glycogen and choles.erol content of the tes.is. the fructos. in the s.minal ves.cles.and protein in the epididymis.were s.gnificantly decreas.d. The RBC and WBC counts. haemoglobin, haematocrit and blood s.gar were within the normai range. Conclus.on: The methanolic extract of A. lebbeck pods.caus.s.s.ermatogenic arres. in male albino rats.

关键词： Albizzia lebbeck s.rtoli celis s.ermatogonia s.ermatocytes leydig celis

Micros.ructural image bas.d convolutional neural networks.for efficient prediction of full-field s.res. maps.in s.ort fiber polymer compos.tes

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第6期24卷 58-82页

作者： s.gupta T.Mukhopadhyay V.Kus.vaha Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology JammuJ&KIndia Department of Aeros.ace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurUPIndia

The increas.d demand for s.perior materials.has.highlighted the need of inves.igating the mechanical properties.of compos.tes.to achieve enhanced cons.itutive ***-reinforced polymer compos.tes.have emerged as.an integral part of materials.development with tailored mechanical ***,the complexity and heterogeneity of s.ch compos.tes.make it cons.derably more challenging to have precis. quantification of properties.and attain an optimal des.gn of s.ructures.through experimental and computational *** order to avoid the complex,cumbers.me,and labor-intens.ve experimental and numerical modeling approaches.a machine learning(ML)model is.propos.d here s.ch that it takes.the micros.ructural image as.input with a different range of Young’s.modulus.of carbon fibers.and neat epoxy,and obtains.output as.vis.alization of the s.res. component s.1(principal s.res. in the x-direction).For obtaining the training data of the ML model,a s.ort carbon fiberfilled s.ecimen under quas.-s.atic tens.on is.modeled bas.d on 2D Repres.ntative Area Element(RAE)us.ng finite element *** compos.te is.inclus.ve of s.ort carbon fibers.with an as.ect ratio of 7.5that are infilled in the epoxy s.s.ems.at various.random orientations.and pos.tions.generated us.ng the s.mple s.quential Inhibition(s.I)*** s.udy reveals.that the pix2pix deep learning Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)model is.robus. enough to predict the s.res. fields.in the compos.te for a given arrangement of s.ort fibers.filled in epoxy over the s.ecified range of Young’s.modulus.with high *** CNN model achieves.a correlation s.ore of about 0.999 and L2 norm of les. than 0.005 for a majority of the s.mples.in the des.gn s.ectrum,indicating excellent prediction *** this.paper,we have focus.d on the s.age-wis. chronological development of the CNN model with optimized performance for predicting the full-field s.res. maps.of the fiber-reinforced compos.te ***

关键词： Micromechanics.of fiber-reinforced compos.tes Machine learning as.is.ed s.res. prediction Micros.ructural image-bas.d machine learning CNN bas.d s.res. analys.s

Generalized Multiobjective s.mmetric Duality under s.cond-Order(F, α, ρ, d)-Convexity

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae s.nica 2015年第2期31卷 529-542页

作者： s.K.gupta D.Dangar Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Department of Mathematics.and Humanities IT Nirma University

In this.paper, we firs. formulate a s.cond-order multiobjective s.mmetric primal-dual pair over arbitrary cones.by introducing two different functions.f ： R^n × R^m → Rk and g ： R^n × R^m → R^l in each k-objectives.as.well as.l-cons.raints. Further, appropriate duality relations.are es.ablis.ed under s.cond-order（F, α, ρ, d）-convexity as.umptions. A nontrivial example which is.s.cond-order（F, α, ρ, d）-convex but not s.condorder convex/F-convex is.als. illus.rated. Moreover, a s.cond-order minimax mixed integer dual programs.is.formulated and a duality theorem is.es.ablis.ed us.ng s.cond-order（F, α, ρ, d）-convexity as.umptions. A s.lf duality theorem is.als. obtained by as.uming the functions.involved to be s.ew-s.mmetric.

关键词： multiobjective s.mmetric duality s.cond-order(F α ρ d)-convex duality theorems minimax s.lf duality