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The Oral Health Status of Person with Special Needs in Kumasi

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Open j.urnal of Stomatology 2024年第1期14卷 14-31页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi Alexander Oti-Acheampong victoria N. A. Boadu Lord j. j. Gowans The Department Child Oral Health & Orthodontics School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Sciences School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Department of Community Dentistry School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: The most prevalent non-communicable disease worldwide is oral health-related disease, with dental caries and periodontal conditions being common. Oral health status significantly impacts overall health and quality of life. Barriers to dental care affect children with special needs. This study evaluates the oral health status and treatment requirements of people with special needs. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study in Kumasi, Ghana examined oral health status among people, 121 children with special needs over two months, in j.ne-j.ly 2022. Dental caries, periodontal changes, malocclusion, and trauma were assessed. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The oral health status among people with special needs in this study was generally moderate, with a range from very good to very poor. The prevalence of dental caries was 37%, with a mean DMFT score of 2.82. Periodontal health showed unsatisfactory indicators such as mobile teeth, poor gingival health, high plaque scores, and the presence of halitosis. Conclusion: This descriptive study aimed to provide baseline data on the oral health status of special needs students in Kumasi, addressing the lack of knowledge in this area. It highlighted the importance of dental care in maintaining good oral health and overall well-being in individuals with special needs. Coordinated efforts by dental professionals are needed to provide dental health education and preventive interventions for these children.

关键词： Special Needs Oral Health Dental Caries Periodontal Diseases Malocclusion

Emergency medicine providers＇ opioid prescribing practices stratified by gender, age, and years in practice

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World j.urnal of Emergency Medicine 2016年第2期7卷 106-110页

作者： Shawn M. Varney Vikhyat S. Bebarta Lisa M. Mannina Rosemarie G. Ramos victoria j. ganem Katherine R. Carey Department of Emergency Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio 78229 USA Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora 80045 USA Department of Emergency Medicine Mike O'Callaghan Federal Medical Center Nellis 89191 USA Air Force Enroute Care Research Center Fort Sam Houston 78208 USA The Geneva Foundation Tacoma 98402 USA

BACKGROUND: Emergency medicine providers(EMPs) prescribe about 25% of opioids, but the effect of EMP risk perception on decisions to prescribe opioids is unknown. This study was undertaken to identify factors that infl uence EMP risk and opioid prescribing ***: We distributed an anonymous questionnaire to EMPs at a military trauma and referral center. Response frequencies and distributions were assessed for independence using the Chi-square ***: Eighty-nine EMPs completed the questionnaire(100% response). Respondents were primarily younger male physicians(80%) in practice under fi ve years(55%). Male EMPs were more likely to prescribe more opioid tablets than female ones both when and when not concerned for opioid misuse(P<0.001, P<0.007, respectively). Of the providers, 70% stated that patient age would inf luence their prescribing decisions. Hydrocodone and oxycodone were the opioids prescribed most frequently. About 60% of the providers reported changing their prescribing behavior would not prevent opioid misuse. Additionally, 40% of the providers believed at least 10% of patients seen at this military ED misused ***: Female EM providers reported prescribing fewer opioid tablets. Patient age infl uenced prescribing behavior, but the effect is unknown. Finally, EM providers reported that altering their prescribing behavior would not prevent prescription opioid misuse.

关键词： Prescription opioid misuse Emergency medicine provider Prescribing practices

Auxin signaling gets oxidative to promote root hair growth

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 696-698页

作者： victoria Berdion Gabarain Miguel A.Ibeas Hernan Salinas-Grenet j.se M.Estevez Fundación Instituto Leloir&IIBBA-CONICET Av.Patricias Argentinas 435Buenos Aires C1405BWEArgentina Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile ANID Millennium Science Initiative ProgramMillennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants(MN-SAP)SantiagoChile ANID Millennium Science Initiative ProgramMillennium Institute for Integrative Biology(iBio)SantiagoChile

Root hairs(RHs)emerge as cylindrical cell protrusions from the root epidermis in a polar manner,and these outgrows increase the rhizosphere space to acquire water and nutrients,anchor the plant,and interact with various soil *** is one of the key hormones to promote RH growth,and high levels of auxin are directly promoted by low levels of macronutrients in the soil,such as phosphate(Bhosale et al.,2018)and nitrates(j.a et al.,2023).The nutritional signals for roots,which rapidly change in both time and place within the soil,are tightly linked to signaling pathways that execute swifts on cellular processes to adj.st to a challenging *** rapid alkalinization factors(RALFs)are peptides that are released outside the cell and act as peptide-hormone *** attach to the extracellular domains of members of the Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 1-LIKE family,specifically FERONIA(FER)in conj.nction with its co-receptor LORELEI-LIKE-GPIANCHORED PROTEIN 1.

关键词： soil outside alkali

An electropenetrography waveform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on human hands

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia M.W.Cooper Samuel B.j.meson victoria Pickens Cameron Osborne Elaine A.Backus Kristopher Silver Dana N.Mitzel Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Department of Tropical Medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG with variable input resistors(Ri levels)to construct a waveform library for *** feeding on human *** events associated with mosquito probing were used to characterize waveforms at four Ri levels and with two electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on human hands was an Ri level of 10^(7)Ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated with probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families j.surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),L(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),M(types 1 and 2,ingestion),N(type 1,an unknown behavior which may be a resting and digestion phase),and W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variations in the waveforms not described in ***,which we named types L3,M3,M4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new tool for the automated calculation of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new pest and disease management targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG human hands mosquitoes waveform library

A Tutorial on Federated Learning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA j.urnal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： M.victoria Luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido Daniel j.ménez-López j.se M.Moyano j.vier Del Ser Weiping Ding Francisco Herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ML)models in a distributed and decentralized *** allows ML models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data *** virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different ML approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

Oxidized organic molecules in the tropical free troposphere over Amazonia

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 174-184页

作者： Qiaozhi Zha Diego Aliaga Radovan Krej.i victoria A.Sinclair Cheng Wu Giancarlo Ciarelli Wiebke Scholz Liine Heikkinen Eva Partoll Yvette Gramlich Wei Huang Markus Leiminger j.onas Enroth Otso Per?kyl? Runlong Cai Xuemeng Chen Alkuin Maximilian Koenig Fernando Velarde Isabel Moreno Tuukka Pet?j. Paulo Artaxo Paolo Laj.Armin Hansel Samara Carbone Markku Kulmala Marcos Andrade Douglas Worsnop Claudia Mohr Federico Bianchi Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics University of Helsinki j.int International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences Nanjing University Department of Environmental Science & Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg Institute for Ion and Applied Physics University of Innsbruck Ionicon Analytik GmbH Laboratory for Atmospheric Physics Institute for Physics Research Universidad Mayor de San Andrés Institute of Physics University of Sao Paulo Institute for Geosciences and Environmental Research (IGE) University of Grenoble Alpes Agrarian Sciences Institute Federal University of Uberl?ndia Beij.ng Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Maryland Aerodyne Research Inc. Department of Environmental System Science ETH Zürich Switzerland and Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

New particle formation(NPF) in the tropical free troposphere(FT) is a globally important source of cloud condensation nuclei, affecting cloud properties and climate. Oxidized organic molecules(OOMs)produced from biogenic volatile organic compounds are believed to contribute to aerosol formation in the tropical FT, but without direct chemical observations. We performed in situ molecular-level OOMs measurements at the Bolivian station Chacaltaya at 5240 m above sea level, on the western edge of Amazonia. For the first time, we demonstrate the presence of OOMs, mainly with 4–5 carbon atoms, in both gas-phase and particle-phase(in terms of mass contribution) measurements in tropical FT air from Amazonia. These observations, combined with air mass history analyses, indicate that the observed OOMs are linked to isoprene emitted from the rainforests hundreds of kilometers away. Based on particle-phase measurements, we find that these compounds can contribute to NPF, at least the growth of newly formed nanoparticles, in the tropical FT on a continental scale. Thus, our study is a fundamental and significant step in understanding the aerosol formation process in the tropical FT.

关键词： oxidized organic molecules tropical aerosol formation Amazon free troposphere

Refining safety considerations for intradialytic blood flow restriction exercise. Commentary on “Concerns on the application of blood-flow restriction resistance exercise and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients”

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 455-456页

作者： Matthew j.Clarkson Institute for Health and Sport Victoria UniversityMelbourneVIC 8001Australia

I read with great interest the article“Concerns on the application of blood flow restriction resistance exercise and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients”by Correa et al.1 The study presents complementary data from a previous randomized controlled trial,2 exploring the application of intradialytic blood flow restriction exercise for hemodialysis patients.

关键词： patients hemodialysis

The challenging management of malignant ureteral obstruction:Analysis of a series of 188 cases

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Current Urology 2024年第1期18卷 34-42页

作者： Alberto Artiles Medina Inés Laso García Fernando González Tello Sara Álvarez Rodríguez Manuel Hevia Palacios Marina Mata Alcaraz César Mínguez Oj.da Fernando Arias Funez victoria Gómez Dos Santos Francisco j.vier Burgos Revilla Department of Urology Hospital Universitario Ramón y CajalMadridSpain Department of Radiology Hospital Universitario Ramón y CajalMadridSpain

Background:Malignant ureteral obstruction(MUO)is a common condition that complicates the course of advanced *** aims of this study are to analyze the causes,management,and survival of patients with obstructive nephropathy due to malignant ureteric obstruction and to determine prognostic ***,we studied the complications and outcomes in patients who underwent urinary *** and methods:A retrospective study was conducted on patients with computed tomography-confirmed MUO between j.nuary 2016 and November ***,clinical,radiological,laboratory,and management data were *** curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to test the association between parameters and ***:A total of 188 patients were *** mean age was 69.01 years(SD,14.95 years),and the maj.rity(54.8%)were *** most common mechanism leading to MUO was compression by a pelvic mass(36.9%),and the 3 most frequent tumors causing MUO were prostate(17.6%),bladder(16.5%),and rectal cancer(11.7%).Forty-seven patients(25%)underwent urinary diversion:23(48.9%)underwent double-j.stenting and 21(44.7%)underwent percutaneous *** most common reason for urinary diversion was acute kidney inj.ry(53.3%).Recovery of renal function was observed in 55.8%of the patients after urinary *** most frequently identified complications after urinary diversion were urinary tract infection(24.4%),hematuria(17.0%),and urinary sepsis(14.9%).The median survival after hydronephrosis diagnosis was 6.43 months(interquartile range,1.91-14.81 months).In patients who underwent urinary decompression,the median survival after urinary diversion was 8.67 months(interquartile range,2.99-17.28 months).In the multivariate analysis,a lower grade of hydronephrosis and cancer cachexia negatively impacted ***:Cancer patients with MUO have a poor pro

关键词： Hydronephrosis Ureteral obstruction Neoplasms Urinary diversion Survival Prognosis

Control systems and data management for high-power laser facilities

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第5期11卷 51-75页

作者： Scott Feister Kevin Cassou Stephen Dann Andreas Döpp Philippe Gauron Anthony j.Gonsalves Archis j.glekar victoria Marshall Olivier Neveu Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Matthew j.V.Streeter Charlotte A.j.Palmer California State University Channel Islands CamarilloCaliforniaUSA UniversitéParis-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3IJCLabOrsayFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Ludwig–Maximilians–Universität München GarchingGermany BELLA Center Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA Ergodic LLC San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Queen’s University Belfast BelfastUK

The next generation of high-power lasers enables repetition of experiments at orders of magnitude higher frequency than what was possible using the prior *** requiring human intervention between laser repetitions need to adapt in order to keep pace with the new laser technology.A distributed networked control system can enable laboratory-wide automation and feedback control *** higher-repetition-rate experiments will create enormous quantities of data.A consistent approach to managing data can increase data accessibility,reduce repetitive data-software development and mitigate poorly organized *** opportunity arises to share knowledge of improvements to control and data infrastructure currently being *** compare platforms and approaches to state-of-the-art control systems and data management at high-power laser facilities,and we illustrate these topics with case studies from our community.

关键词： big data community organization control systems data management feedback loops high-power lasers high repetition rate metadata stabilization standards