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Impact of liver enzymes on SARS-CoV-2 infection and the severity of clinical course of COVID-19

Liver Research 2021年第1期5卷 21-27页

作者： Fátima Higuera-de la Tijera Alfredo Servín-Caamaño Daniel Reyes-Herrera Argelia Flores-López Enrique J.A.Robiou-Vivero Felipe Martínez-Rivera Victor Galindo-Hernández Oscar Chapa-Azuela Alfonso Chávez-Morales victor H.Rosales-Salyano Multidisciplinary Team for the Attention and Care of Patients with COVID-19 Hospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Hospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico Internal Medicine Department Hospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico Hepatobiliary and Pancreatology Clinic Surgery DepartmentHospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico Intensive Care Unit Hospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico

Background and aim Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the virus responsible for the current pandemic,can have multi-organ impact.Recent studies show that liver injury could be a manifestation of the disease,and that liver disease could also be related to a worse prognosis.Our aim was to compare the characteristics of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)due to SARS-CoV-2 who required intubation versus stable hospitalized patients to identify the early biochemical predictive factors of a severe course of COVID-19 and subsequent requirement for intubation,specifically in Mexican.Methods This was an observational case-control study nested in a cohort study.Complete medical records of patients admitted for confirmed COVID-19 at a tertiary level center in Mexico City were reviewed.Clinical and biochemical data were collected,and the characteristics of patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV)(cases)were compared with stable hospitalized patients without ventilation(controls).Results We evaluated 166 patients with COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 infection;114(68.7%)were men,the mean age was 50.6±13.3 years,and 27(16.3%)required IMV.The comparative analysis between cases and controls showed(respectively)significantly lower blood oxygen saturation(SpO_(2))(73.5±12.0%vs.83.0±6.8%,P<0.0001)and elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT)(128(14–1123)IU/L vs.33(8–453)IU/L,P=0.003),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)(214(17–1247)vs.44(12–498)IU/L,P=0.001),lactic dehydrogenase(LDH)(764.6±401.9 IU/L vs.461.0±185.6 IU/L,P=0.001),and D-dimer(3463(524–34,227)ng/mL vs.829(152–41,923)ng/mL,P=0.003)concentrations.Patients in the cases group were older(58.6±12.7 years vs.49.1±12.8 years,P=0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that important factors at admission predicting the requirement for IMV during hospitalization for COVID-19 were AST≥250 IU/L(odds ratio(OR)=64.8,95%confidence interval(CI)7.5–560.3,P<0.0001)and D-dimer≥3500 ng/mL(OR=4.1,95%CI 1.2–13.7,P=0.02).Conclusions Our study confi

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Liver enzymes D-dimer Disease severity Invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV) Multi-organ failure

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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo Torres-Jardón Agustín García-Reynoso Iván Y.hernández-Paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air pollution.In Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry-hot season when biomass burning activity is enhanced.Here,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico.The studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the New Normal.We applied a factor separation technique and process analysis to estimate the pure and synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the Megalopolis.The results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed NO_(x)-limited and VOC-limited regional regimes.This contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by changing the regional background levels which potentially could bias high ozone production efficiency estimations.Given the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry-hot season targeting mainly mobile emissions will likely be offset by biomass burning plumes.A regional and synergic policy aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analysis

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Analysis of Line-Edge Roughness Using EUV Scatterometry

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第2期5卷 149-158页

作者： Analía Fernández Herrero Frank Scholze Gaoliang Dai victor Soltwisch Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin Albert-Einstein Str.1512489BerlinGermany Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Abbestr.2–1210587BerlinGermany Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 10038116BraunschweigGermany

Smaller and more complex three-dimensional periodic nanostructures are part of the next generation of integrated electronic circuits.Additionally,decreasing the dimensions of nanostructures increases the effect of line-edge roughness on the performance of the nanostructures.Efficient methods for characterizing three-dimensional nanostructures are required for process control.Here,extreme-ultraviolet(EUV)scatterometry is exploited for the analysis of line-edge roughness from periodic nanostructures.In line with previous observations,differences are observed between line edge and line width roughness.The angular distribution of the diffuse scattering is an interplay of the line shape,the height of the structure,the roughness along the line,and the correlation between the lines.Unfortunately,existing theoretical methods for characterizing nanostructures using scatterometry do not cover all these aspects.Examples are shown here and the demands for future development of theoretical approaches for computing the angular distribution of the scattered X-rays are discussed.

关键词： Line-edge roughness LER LWR EUV scatterometry Debye-Waller factor

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Pb and Cr Content in an Agricultural Soil Irrigated with Wastewater and Their Bioaccumulation in Alfalfa

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第11期11卷 116-128页

作者： victor Manuel Duarte Zaragoza Lozano-Camargo Maria Luisa Carrasco hernández Violeta Pérez hernández victoria Sabrina División de Ingeniería Ambiental Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores del Oriente del Estado de México La Paz México Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo Texcoco México Facultad de Ciencias del Mar Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Mazatlán Sinaloa México

Urban wastewater contains various pollutants, with heavy metals being common, posing risks to the environment and public health, especially when used for irrigation in agricultural systems. This study aimed to assess the total and bioavailable content of Pb and Cr in agricultural soil irrigated with wastewater and their accumulation in alfalfa crops. Five alfalfa sites were sampled, and ten surface soil samples were collected from the top 30 cm of each plot. Plant samples were also collected at each sampling point. A composite sample of irrigation water from the main channels was also collected and prepared. The concentration of heavy metals was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results revealed concentrations of Pb and Cr (VI) in the irrigation water above the maximum permissible limits according to environmental regulations. The soil had high organic matter content, neutral pH, elevated electrical conductivity (EC), and Pb and Cr contents of up to 103 and 89 mg/kg, respectively. In alfalfa tissues, Pb and Cr concentrations were recorded at 26 mg/kg and 4.6 mg/kg, respectively (Cr (VI), with lower concentrations observed in the roots. Cr (VI) was higher at all sites, with ranges from 2.25 to 43.56, while lead (Pb) had an AR ranging from 0.64 to 27.04. The Pb presented a mean of 1.45 of the Bioaccumulation factor values, which can be considered a metal-accumulating plant.

关键词： Heavy Metals Bioavailability Lead Bioaccumulation Factor

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Non-linear modeling of kinetic and equilibrium data for the adsorption of hexavalent chromium by carbon nanomaterials:Dimension and functionalization

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第4期27卷 912-919页

作者： Miguel de la Luz-Asunción Eduardo E.Pérez-Ramírez Ana L.Martínez-hernández victor M.Castano Víctor Sánchez-Mendieta Carlos Velasco-Santos Facultad de Quimica Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Km. 12 de la carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco C.P. 50200 San Cayetano Toluca Estado de Mexico Mexico Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico-Instituto Tecnologico de Queretaro Division de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion Av. Tecnologico s/n esq. GraL Mariano Escobedo Col. Centro Historico C.P. 76000 Santiago de Queretaro Queretaro Mexico Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Boulevard Juriquilla 3001 Queretaro 76230 Mexico

The adsorption capacities for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions by six carbon nanomaterials have been evaluated. Single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as received and after oxidation treatment, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are the materials with different dimension and functionalization compared in this research. Carbon nanotubes have been modified using hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agent under microwave radiation. The oxidation treatment on carbon nanotubes has a positive effect increasing the adsorbent–adsorbate interaction. Rate-controlling mechanisms and equilibrium data are analyzed using non-linear models. Non-linear method is proposed as the most suitable method for determining the kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The values of adsorption energy(E) obtained from the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm,have been found around 0.371 and 0.870 k J·mol-1, indicating physical adsorption. Therefore, the pseudo-second order model represents better the kinetic experimental data. The results show that the Langmuir isotherm provides a slightly better fit to the experimental data compared with the Freundlich isotherm, indicating homogeneous distribution of active sites on carbon nanomaterials and monolayer adsorption. The separation factors RLare found in the range of 0–1, suggesting that the adsorption process is suitable for all adsorbents. The mechanisms for hexavalent chromium removal have been proposed as electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Graphene Adsorption Hexavalent chromium Kinetic

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Transnational Dialogues on Interdisciplinary Approaches for Advancing People-Centered Warning Systems

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第5期14卷 868-872页

作者： victor Marchezini Cemaden–National Early Warning and Monitoring Centre of Natural Disasters São Josédos Campos12.247-016Brazil Natural Hazards Center Institute of Behavioral ScienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO80309USA

The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction and the World Meteorological Organization launched in 2022 the executive plan of the world program "Early Warning Systems for All" to be implemented from 2023 to 2027.This program champions an investment of USD 3.1 billion into the four pillars of warning systems and calls for multi-hazard and peoplecentered warning systems(PCWS).However,there is a scientific gap concerning interdisciplinary approaches to promoting them.Motivated by the call for action of "Early Warning Systems for All" and warning research gaps on the lack of interdisciplinarity,a workshop series "Interdisciplinary Approaches for Advancing People-Centered Warning Systems" was held in early 2023.This short article shares the preliminary findings and recommendations of this research,which involved a transnational virtual dialogue between one scientific organization in Brazil and one from the United States.The findings and recommendations discussed in three virtual sessions and one collective working paper were centered on three aspects:promoting interdisciplinary integration in research;the need to discuss the characteristics of a PCWS;and promoting problem-and solution-based programs with people to integrate them at all phases of the warning system.

关键词： Capacity building Cooperation Interdisciplinary methods Warning implementation Warning research

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The Oceanus Borealis of ancient Mars

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 234-235页

作者： victor R.Baker Departments of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences Planetary Sciences and Geosciences University of Arizona

Fifty years ago,the Mariner 9 spacecraft revealed that the Martian surface has a great planetary dichotomy separating heavily cratered southern highlands from a huge area of more lightly cratered northern plains.Following this discovery,informal hypothesizing by geologists considered the possibility of an Earth-like water body occupying the northern lowland Martian plains.

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Multi-temperature modeling of femtosecond laser pulse on metallic nanoparticles accounting for the temperature dependences of the parameters

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2022年第4期5卷 26-45页

作者： victor K.Pustovalov Belarussian National Technical University Pr.Independency65Minsk 220013Belarus

This review considers the fundamental dynamical processes of metal nanoparticles during and after the impact of a femtosecond laser pulse on a nanoparticle,including the absorption of photons.Understanding the sequence of events after photon absorption and their timescales is important for many applications of nanoparticles.Various processes are discussed,starting with optical absorption by electrons,proceeding through the relaxation of the electrons due to electron–electron scattering and electron–phonon coupling,and ending with the dissipation of the nanoparticle energy into the environment.The goal is to consider the timescales,values,and temperature dependences of the electron heat capacity and the electron–phonon coupling parameter that describe these processes and how these dependences affect the electron energy relaxation.Two-and four-temperature models for describing electron–phonon relaxation are discussed.Significant emphasis is paid to the proposed analytical approach to modeling processes during the action of a femtosecond laser pulse on a metal nanoparticle.These consider the temperature dependences of the electron heat capacity and the electron–phonon coupling factor of the metal.The entire process is divided into four stages:(1)the heating of the electron system by a pulse,(2)electron thermalization,(3)electron–phonon energy exchange and the equalization of the temperature of the electrons with the lattice,and(4)cooling of the nanoparticle.There is an appropriate analytical description of each stage.The four-temperature model can estimate the parameters of the laser and nanoparticles needed for applications of femtosecond laser pulses and nanoparticles.

关键词： Femtosecond pulse Nanoparticle Metallic Model Thermal processes Analytical solution

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Hepatic rupture secondary to HELLP syndrome: outcomes in three cases

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第1期15卷 56-58页

作者： Salvador Gomez-Carro Ruben R.Lozano-Salazar Kassandra Santos-Zaldívar victor Andres Villasuso-Alcocer Nina Méndez-Domínguez O'Horan General Hospital Merida 97000Mexico Highly Specialized Hospital of the Yucatan Peninsula Merida 97134Mexico National Institute of Perinatology.Mexico City 11000 Mexico

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy,including chronic hypertension,gestational hypertension,and preeclampsia,are the most common complications in pregnant women,affecting approximately 15%of pregnancies.[1,2]Hemolysis,elevated liver enzymes,and low platelet count(HELLP syndrome)can occur in 0.2%-0.6%of all pregnancies,and 10%-15%of patients are diagnosed with preeclampsia.[3,4]Among its severe complications,liver hematoma is remarkable and may lead to liver rupture.Prompt identification of HELLP syndrome is crucial for proper therapeutic management and to avoid fatal outcomes[4,5]since when a hepatic hematoma occurs,the risk of rupture increases to 12%.[3,5]

关键词： rupture HELLP hypertension pregnancy

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ESTIMATION AND UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION FOR PIECEWISE SMOOTH SIGNAL RECOVERY

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2023年第2期41卷 246-262页

作者： victor Churchill Anne Gelb Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Mathematics Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNHUSA

This paper presents an application of the sparse Bayesian learning(SBL)algorithm to linear inverse problems with a high order total variation(HOTV)sparsity prior.For the problem of sparse signal recovery,SBL often produces more accurate estimates than maximum a posteriori estimates,including those that useℓ1 regularization.Moreover,rather than a single signal estimate,SBL yields a full posterior density estimate which can be used for uncertainty quantification.However,SBL is only immediately applicable to problems having a direct sparsity prior,or to those that can be formed via synthesis.This paper demonstrates how a problem with an HOTV sparsity prior can be formulated via synthesis,and then utilizes SBL.This expands the class of problems available to Bayesian learning to include,e.g.,inverse problems dealing with the recovery of piecewise smooth functions or signals from data.Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate how this new technique is effectively employed.

关键词： High order total variation regularization Sparse Bayesian learning Analysis and synthesis Piecewise smooth function recovery

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