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Ocular drug delivery systems:An overview

World Journal of Pharmacology 2013年第2期2卷 47-64页

作者： Ashaben Patel Kishore Cholkar vibhuti agrahari Ashim K Mitra Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Phar-macyUniversity of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMis-souri-64108United States

The major challenge faced by today's pharmacologist and formulation scientist is ocular drug delivery. Topical eye drop is the most convenient and patient compliant route of drug administration,especially for the treatment of anterior segment diseases. Delivery of drugs to the targeted ocular tissues is restricted by various precorneal,dynamic and static ocular barriers. Also,therapeutic drug levels are not maintained for longer duration in target tissues. In the past two decades,ocular drug delivery research acceleratedly advanced towards developing a novel,safe and patient compliant formulation and drug delivery devices/techniques,which may surpass these barriers and maintain drug levels in tissues. Anterior segment drug delivery advances are witnessed by modulation of conventional topical solutions with permeation and viscosity enhancers. Also,it includes development of conventional topical formulations such as suspensions,emulsions and ointments. Various nanoformulations have also been introduced for anterior segment ocular drug delivery. On the other hand,for posterior ocular delivery,research has been immensely focused towards development of drug releasing devices and nanoformulations for treating chronic vitreo-retinal diseases. These novel devices and/or formulations may help to surpass ocular barriers and associated side effects with conventional topicaldrops. Also,these novel devices and/or formulations are easy to formulate,no/negligibly irritating,possess high precorneal residence time,sustain the drug release,and enhance ocular bioavailability of therapeutics. An update of current research advancement in ocular drug delivery necessitates and helps drug delivery scientists to modulate their think process and develop novel and safe drug delivery strategies. Current review intends to summarize the existing conventional formulations for ocular delivery and their advancements followed by current nanotechnology based formulation developments. Also,recent deve

关键词： Anatomy and physiology Cornea Contact lens Drug delivery Eye Emulsions Formulations Im-plants Liposomes Nanomicelles Ointments Retina Suspensions

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Area Estimates of Images of Disks under Analytic Functions

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2021年第10期37卷 1533-1548页

作者： vibhuti ARORA Swadesh Kumar SAHOO Discipline of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore 453552India

Let D_(r):={z=x+iy∈C:|z|0,in principal powers,when f ranges over certain classes of analytic and univalent functions in D.

关键词： Univalent functions starlike functions convex functions spirallike functions Dirichlet finite area problem

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Fermentation of groundnut brittle by Lactococcus lactis producesγ-amino butyric acid and enhances nutritional quality and safety

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Food Quality and Safety 2018年第2期2卷 83-88页

作者： vibhuti Batra Hitashi Lomash Abhijit Ganguli Food Innovation Unit SE EnterprisesBaddiHPIndia Amity University GurgaonIndia Department for Management of Science and Technology Development and Faculty of Applied Sciences Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam

Objectives:The study aimed to evaluate the anti-nutrient reductions andγ-amino butyric acid(GABA)enrichments of chikki(peanut brittle),a popular of traditional snack food,using Lactococcus lactis *** nutritional,storage,and sensorial analysis in order to understand the safety and functionality of chikki following fermentation were *** and Methods:Partial fermentations of chikki were carried out using overnight grown culture of *** *** fermented chikki were further analysed for GABA and *** antioxidant profile,protein,and sugar were also *** storage studies were carried on up to 2 months for functional property ***:Fermentations at 37°C,pH of 5,with 1%inoculum and incubation for 24 h were optimal conditions,and resulted in the GABA concentration of 816 mg/g,respectively,and the GABA concentration did not change significantly(P>0.05)upon storage for upto a period of 2 *** of the fermented chikki revealed a slightly higher level of phenolic,flavonoid,protein,and sugar contents as compared to those which were not subjected to *** results of sensorial analysis showed an overall general acceptability on a 5-point hedonic scale to be 8.5±0.01(before storage)and 8.03±0.01(after storage).The fermented chikki also possessed antioxidant properties and significantly(P<0.05)low levels of phytates with complete reductions of other ***:Traditionally prepared/manufactured chikki lacks GABA,possesses notable levels of anti-nutrients with lower phenolics,flavonoids,as well as *** study suggested a simple preparation of GABA could enrich the popular ethnic snack through fermentation by *** *** developed snack is acceptable,economical with good shelf life,and has substantially reduced levels of anti-nutrients originating from groundnuts affording consumer safety.

关键词： γ-amino butyric acid anti-nutrients ethnic snack Lactococcus lactis

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Examining data visualization pitfalls in scientific publications

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2021年第1期4卷 268-282页

作者： Vinh T Nguyen Kwanghee Jung vibhuti Gupta Department of Information Technology TNU–University of Information and Communication TechnologyThai NguyenVietnam Department of Educational Psychology Leadershipand CounselingTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409United States Department of Computer Science and Data Science Meharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTN 37208USA

Data visualization blends art and science to convey stories from data via graphical *** different problems,applications,requirements,and design goals,it is challenging to combine these two components at their full *** the art component involves creating visually appealing and easily interpreted graphics for users,the science component requires accurate representations of a large amount of input *** a lack of the science component,visualization cannot serve its role of creating correct representations of the actual data,thus leading to wrong perception,interpretation,and *** might be even worse if incorrect visual representations were intentionally produced to deceive the *** address common pitfalls in graphical representations,this paper focuses on identifying and understanding the root causes of misinformation in graphical *** reviewed the misleading data visualization examples in the scientific publications collected from indexing databases and then projected them onto the fundamental units of visual communication such as color,shape,size,and spatial ***,a text mining technique was applied to extract practical insights from common visualization ***’s Q test and McNemar’s test were conducted to examine if there is any difference in the proportions of common errors among color,shape,size,and spatial *** findings showed that the pie chart is the most misused graphical representation,and size is the most critical *** was also observed that there were statistically significant differences in the proportion of errors among color,shape,size,and spatial orientation.

关键词： Data visualization Graphical representations Misinformation Visual encodings Association rule mining Word cloud Cochran’s Q test McNemar’s test

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Smartphone dependency and its impact on academics among medical and nursing students: A cross-sectional study

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2022年第1期4卷 30-35页

作者： Rakesh SHARMA vibhuti VAIDYA Rincy RAJAN Anumol Thottiyil ELDHOSE Hemkala RATRE Hemant Lata RAI Department of Neurosciences Nursing College of NursingAll India Institute of Medical SciencesRishikeshUttarakhandIndia Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical SciencesRaipurChhattisgarhIndia Department of Emergency All India Institute of Medical SciencesRaipurChhattisgarhIndia Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Government College of NursingRaipurChhattisgarhIndia

Objective:This study aimed to assess smartphone dependency and its impact on academics among medical and nursing *** and Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out on Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery(MBBS)and Bachelor of Science in Nursing(BScN)students in a medical teaching *** Smartphone Dependency Scale and self-structured questionnaire on impact of smartphone on academics were used to assess smartphone dependency and its impact on academics.A total of 436 students were selected using the total enumerative sampling *** were analyzed using the descriptive(frequency,percentage,mean,and standard deviation)and inferential(t-test,Chi-square test)***:The mean age of students was 20.6±1.29 years,81%were females,and the mean body mass index score was 21.59±3.41 kg/*** mean impact on academics and smartphone dependency scores was 19.92±7.01 and 48.58±11.46,*** impact on academics had a significant association with student category(P<0.001)and gender(P<0.001).A significant association was found between the impact on academics(P=0.003)and smartphone dependency(P=0.05)with studying ***:The use of smartphones is more among medical *** studying in the first and second years are found to be more dependent on smartphone,which caused a serious impact on their *** appliances have become mandatory in this era of technology,and it is not possible to stop its usage but negative impact of smartphones on students’academic performance needs to be ***,it is mandatory to organize educational seminars and workshops to promote the appropriate use of smartphones.

关键词： Internet addiction disorder medical nursing smartphone students

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Heterologous Soluble Expression of Recombinant OmpR of <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i>and Its Immunogenic Potential

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2015年第7期6卷 443-451页

作者： Sunita Kumari Yadav Carmelita N. Marbaniang vibhuti Sharma Aparna Dixit School of Biotechnology Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India RNA Biology Group Institute for Molecular Infection Biology University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany

Aeromonas hydrophila, a gram negative bacterium is a major fish pathogen and causes major economic losses to aquaculture industry. Outer membrane proteins play a significant role in its survival during different environmental conditions and bacterial pathogenesis. The outer membrane protein R (OmpR) is a member of the two-component regulatory system of Aeromonas hydrophila which differentially regulates the expression of OmpF or OmpC depending on the osmolarity conditions. Role of OmpR has been demonstrated in its virulence in other infectious bacteria and it is found to be a potential drug target/vaccine candidate. However, the OmpR of A. hydrophila has not been characterized. In the present study, we report recombinant expression, purification of the OmpR of A. hydrophila strain Ah17 in salt inducible E. coli GJ1158 cells. Leaky expression of rOmpR was confirmed by Western blot analysis using anti-6 × His antibody. The histidine tagged recombinant OmpR (rOmpR) (~29 kDa) was purified using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography from the soluble fraction of induced E. coli cells. The rOmpR was found to be highly immunogenic with end point titres of greater than 1:80,000. The anti-rOmpR antisera were capable of agglutinating live A. hydrophila cells, thus showing vaccine potential of the rOmpR.

关键词： OmpR Aeromonas Cross-Reactivity Outer Membrane Protein Expression E. coli GJ1158

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印度外包企业大打家庭牌

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中国计算机用户 2008年第21期 26-27页

作者： Amol Sharma Jackie Range vibhuti Agarwal

十个月前，当外包企业Keane Inc.聘用Jyoti Taneja在位于印度Gurgaon的办公室工作后，Taneja的父母都感到非常担心。22岁的Taneja女士负责接听美国医疗保险公司的客户来电，她每天要到凌晨2：30才能下班。

关键词：企业外包印度家庭办公室工作保险公司

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Global variation in skin injures and skincare practices in extremely preterm infants

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第2期19卷 139-157页

作者： Pranav Jani Umesh Mishra Julia Buchmayer Rajesh Maheshwari Daphne D’Çruz Karen Walker Duygu Gözen Krista Lowe Audrey Wright James Marceau Mihaela Culcer Archana Priyadarshi Adrienne Kirby James EMoore Ju Lee Oei vibhuti Shah Umesh Vaidya Abdelmoneim Khashana Sunit Godambe Fook Choe Cheah Wen-Hao Zhou Xiao-Jing Hu Muneerah Satardien Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Department of Neonatology Westmead HospitalWestmeadNSW2145Australia Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineDivision of NeonatologyPediatric Intensive Care and NeuropediatricsMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Newborn Care Royal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownNSWAustralia Council of International Neonatal Nurses BostonMAUSA The George Institute for Global Health SydneyNSWAustralia Sydney Institute for Women Children and Their FamiliesSydneyNSWAustralia Pediatric Nursing Department Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursingİstanbul University-CerrahpaşaIstanbulTurkey The National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Connecticut Children’s Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Connecticut Children’s Medical CenterHartfordCTUSA UCONN School of Medicine FarmingtonCTUSA The Royal Hospital for Women RandwickNSWAustralia School of Women’s and Children’s Health University of New South WalesRandwickNSWAustralia Department of Paediatrics and Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationMount Sinai HospitalTorontoCanada Department of Pediatrics King Edward Memorial HospitalPuneIndia Pediatrics Suez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt Divisional Director for Clinical Governance Women’sChildren’s and Clinical SupportImperial College Healthcare NHS TrustLondonUK Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineUniversiti KebangsaanBangiMalaysia Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz Jalan Yaacob LatifBandar Tun RazakKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Neonatology and Vice President Children’s Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Vice Director of Nursing Department Children’s Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Tygerberg HospitalCape TownSouth Africa University of Stellenbosch Cape TownSouth Africa

Background Globally,are skincare practices and skin injuries in extremely preterm infants comparable?This study describes skin injuries,variation in skincare practices and investigates any association between *** A web-based survey was conducted between February 2019 and August *** skin injuries and describing skincare practices in extremely preterm infants were the main *** association between skin injuries and skincare practices was established using binary multivariable logistic regression adjusted for *** Responses from 848 neonatal intensive care units,representing all geographic regions and income status groups were *** dermatitis(331/840,39%)and medical adhesive-related skin injuries(319/838,38%)were the most common *** a local skincare guideline reduced skin injuries[medical adhesive-related injuries:adjusted odds ratios(aOR)=0.63,95%confidence interval(CI)=0.45–0.88;perineal injuries:aOR=0.66,95%CI=0.45–0.96;local skin infections:OR=0.41,95%CI=0.26–0.65;chemical burns:OR=0.46,95%CI=0.26–0.83;thermal burns:OR=0.51,95%CI=0.27–0.96].Performing skin assessments at least every four hours reduced skin injuries(abrasion:aOR=0.48,95%CI=0.33–0.67;pressure:aOR=0.51,95%CI=0.34–0.78;diaper dermatitis:aOR=0.71,95%CI=0.51–0.99;perineal:aOR=0.52,95%CI=0.36–0.75).Regional and resource settings-based variations in skin injuries and skincare practices were *** Skin injuries were common in extremely preterm *** in practice and improved surveillance appears to reduce the occurrence of these *** evidence regarding optimal practices is needed to reduce skin injuries and minimize practice variations.

关键词： Extremely premature infants Injuries Neonatal intensive care unit Skin care Wounds

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加巴喷丁改善剖宫产术后疼痛管理：一项随机对照试验

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麻醉与镇痛 2013年第1期9卷 54-60页

作者： Albert Moore, MD Joseph Costello Paul Wieczorek vibhuti Shah Anna Taddio, PhD Jose C. A. Carvalho 房丽丽(译) 严敏(校) Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management Department of Pediatrics Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mount Sinai HospitalUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Graduate Department ofPharmaceutical Sciences University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada

背景加巴喷丁能够预防和治疗术后急性疼痛和慢性疼痛，但是，在剖宫产手术中的应用研究尚未见报道。本研究假设术前使用加巴喷丁能够减少剖宫产后疼痛。方法择期剖宫产患者随机分为两组：一组术前使用加巴喷丁600mg；另一组为安慰剂对... 详细信息

背景加巴喷丁能够预防和治疗术后急性疼痛和慢性疼痛，但是，在剖宫产手术中的应用研究尚未见报道。本研究假设术前使用加巴喷丁能够减少剖宫产后疼痛。方法择期剖宫产患者随机分为两组：一组术前使用加巴喷丁600mg；另一组为安慰剂对照。蛛网膜下隙麻醉采用0．75％高比重布比卡因12mg，芬太尼10μg和吗啡100μg。术后镇痛开始于术中使用酮咯酸和对乙酰氨基酚，并于术后使用双氯芬酸、对乙酰氨基酚和吗啡。采用视觉模拟评分量表（0-100ram）评估麻醉后6小时、12小时、24小时以及48小时的静息痛和活动痛，记录患者满意度、阿片类药物用量和副作用。并记录新生儿干预治疗、Apgar评分、脐动脉血气分析和母乳喂养困难等情况。慢性疼痛在分娩后3个月进行评估，测定试验亚组中产妇和脐静脉加巴喷丁血浓度。采用混合模型分析，比较组间24小时疼痛视觉模拟评分的主要结果。结果46例患者随机分组，2例在分析时被排除。加巴喷丁组24小时平均（95％可信区间）运动疼痛评分为21mm（13-28），安慰剂对照组为41mm（31-50），P=0．001。加巴喷丁组产妇满意度较高。两组阿片类药物的用量无差异，但是加巴喷丁组产妇重度镇静比安慰剂对照组更常见（发生率分别为19％和0％，P=0．04）。新生儿Apgar评分、干预治疗或脐动脉pH值组间比较无统计学差异。产妇静脉／脐静脉血浆加巴喷丁浓度比的平均值和标准差分别为0．86和0．12。术后3个月两组慢性疼痛发生率类似。结论多模式镇痛中，术前口服加巴喷丁600mg与安慰剂对照组相比，可降低剖宫产术后疼痛，提高产妇满意度。

关键词：随机对照试验剖宫产术后加巴喷丁新生儿Apgar评分疼痛管理疼痛视觉模拟评分脐动脉血气分析患者满意度

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新生儿重症监护室出生胎龄＜34周早产儿呼吸机相关肺炎的多中心流行病学调查

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中华儿科杂志 2017年第3期55卷 182-187页

作者：李淑涓蒋思远张羿 Shoo K. Lee 严卫丽周琦韩树萍郭金珍夏世文 vibhuti Shah 王三南冀湧杨长仪杨传忠单若冰刘玲易彬刘江勤林振浪王杨何玲李明霞潘新年郭艳陈玲刘翠青周勤李晓莺熊虹齐宇洁黑明燕曹云复旦大学附属儿科医院新生儿科上海201102 复旦大学附属儿科医院临床流行病学研究室上海201102 加拿大多伦多大学Mount Sinai医院南京市妇幼保健院新生儿科西北妇女儿童医院新生儿科湖北省妇幼保健院新生儿科

目的调查我国新生儿呼吸机相关肺炎（VAP）的流行病学资料及病原菌分布特点.方法分析2015年5月至2016年4月全国25家医院三级新生儿重症监护室（NICU）收治的出生胎龄＜34周所有患儿的临床资料,根据医院性质分组为儿童专科医院和妇婴... 详细信息

目的调查我国新生儿呼吸机相关肺炎（VAP）的流行病学资料及病原菌分布特点.方法分析2015年5月至2016年4月全国25家医院三级新生儿重症监护室（NICU）收治的出生胎龄＜34周所有患儿的临床资料,根据医院性质分组为儿童专科医院和妇婴医院或综合性医院,计算VAP发生率.采用x2检验,t检验或秩和检验进行统计学分析.结果共纳入患儿7 918例,其中男4 623例（58.4％）,出生体重为（1 639 ±415）g,出生胎龄为（31.4±2.0）周,4 654例（58.8％）接受无创通气,2 154例（27.2％）接受有创机械通气.发生VAP 95例,总的VAP发生率为7.0/1 000个呼吸机使用日,各研究单位VAP发生率为（0-34.4）/1 000个呼吸机使用日.根据医院性质分组,7家儿童专科医院与18家妇婴医院或综合性医院VAP发生率差异无统计学意义[（9.6比6.0）/1 000个呼吸机使用日,t=1.002,P=0.327].检出病原菌83株,以革兰阴性杆菌（76株,91.6％）最常见,主要为鲍曼不动杆菌（24株,28.9％）,肺炎克雷伯杆菌（23株,27.7％）及铜绿假单胞菌（10株,12.0％）.结论我国NICU平均VAP发生率接近发达国家水平,但不同医院之间差异显著,应加强各NICU医院内感染的定期监测和分析,在此基础上实施有效的感染综合防治措施,降低VAP发生率.

关键词：婴儿,新生肺炎,呼吸机相关性多中心研究病原学

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