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Treatment 2.0 Pilot in vietnam—Early Progress and Challenges

World Journal of AIDS 2012年第2期2卷 64-70页

作者： Duc Duong Bui Fabio Mesquita Thi nhan Do Masaya Kato Thi Thuy Van nguyen Thi Minh Thu nguyen Adrienne Poon Ministry of Health vietnam Vietnam Authority for HIV/AIDS Control Ha Noi Vietnam World Health Organization Ha Noi Vietnam World Health Organization Ha Noi Vietnam.

Announced in 2010 at the International AIDS Conference in vienna and pioneered by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the World Health Organization's (WHO) leadership at the global level, Treatment 2.0 is a new approach to the HIV response that encourages innovation, efficiency, and sustainability. Building upon WHO and UNAIDS' '3 by 5' Initiative, Treatment 2.0 focuses upon scale-up and universal access of life-saving ART treatment through strategic investments and innovations in five priority pillars that include: 1) Optimize drug regimens, 2) Provide point-of-care (POC) and other simplified diagnostic and monitoring tools, 3) Reduce costs, 4) Adapt service delivery, and 5) Mobilize communities [1-3]. The Treatment 2.0 approach is in line with UNAIDS' 2011-2015 Strategy: Getting to Zero with the vision of, 'Zero New infections;Zero discrimination;and Zero AIDS-related deaths', and as well as the four strategic directions for the health sector response outlined under WHO's Global Health Sector Strategy on HIV/AIDS 2011-2015 [4,5]. At the Sixty-fourth World Health Assembly (WHA) in May 2011, it was formally announced that vietnam has taken the leadership to pilot Treatment 2.0 in two of its provinces, with support from both the WHO and UNAIDS country offices [6,7]. Given that vietnam is one of the few countries with a concentrated epidemic to pilot Treatment 2.0, the outcomes and experiences of this initiative can provide valuable insight to other countries who may consider implementation. The objectives of this article are therefore to: 1) Describe the early process for translating Treatment 2.0 concept in vietnam's context;and 2) Highlight early progress and challenges.

关键词： Treatment 2.0 vietnam Innovation in Response

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Mobilization of Arsenic in Groundwater in the Southern Hanoi City (vietnam) as Studied by Isotopic and Related Techniques

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第7期4卷 68-74页

作者： Dang Duc nhan Doan Van Canh Pham Quy nhan nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy Dinh Thi Bich Lieu Vo Thi Anh Dang Anh Minh Center for Water Resources Management Hanoi Vietnam Hanoi University of Mining and Geology Hanoi Vietnam Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam vietnam Association of Hydrogeology Hanoi Vietnam vietnam Atomic Energy Institute Hanoi Vietnam

Sixteen samples of surface and groundwater from the most southern part of the Hanoi city (vietnam) has been taken and analyzed for the soluble major ions, namely Na+, K+, , Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, , and arsenic as well as molybdenum content along with isotopic composition of deuterium and oxygen (δ2H and δ18O), tritium activity, and δ13C in DIC. The stable isotopic composition of groundwater indicates the water in that area is recharged from the local meteoric and theRed River’s water sources. The mean residence time of the groundwater should be before 60-ies of the past century as its 3H activity ranged from LOD of the analytical technique (0.4 TU) to 2.1 TU only implying that As would not be related to its recent application. The concentrations of As in the water samples is weakly correlated with those of Fe2+ (R2 = 0.08) but it strongly did with the concentrations of bicarbonate (R2 = 0.80). Thus, bicarbonate seems to liberate As adsorbed on hydrous ferric oxides (Hfo) into water through the displacement mechanism. The surface adsorption-desorption of As could be proven by a strong correlation between As and Mo concentrations (R2 = 0.77). The bicarbonate formation in groundwater was thought to be, partly, due to the bio-mineralization of natural organic matter (NOM) by bacteria followed by the dissolution of calcite and/or dolomite present in the sediments. Evidence for the NOM bio-mineralization was found in the close relationship between δ13C and the concentration of bicarbonate in water. Therefore, the mobilization of As in groundwater of bicarbonate type in the southern part of Hanoi city seems to be not only due to the reductive dissolution of the Hfo but the bicarbonate displacement also should be considered.

关键词： Arsenic Mobilization Isotopic Technique Groundwater Nom Bio-Mineralization As-Bicarbonate Displacement

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Genesis and Quality of Groundwater in the Southeastern Region of Southern vietnam

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2017年第6期6卷 277-292页

作者： Chau Tran vinh Tran Hong Thai Doan Van Canh Dang Due nhan nguyen Cao Huan nguyen Van Nghia nguyen Hong Hieu Trinh Thi Thu Van Department of Water Resources Management Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Hanoi 100000 Vietnam National Meteorological and Hydrological Center Hanoi 100000 Viemam Hydrogeology Assoeiation of vietnam Hanoi 100000 Vietnam Department of Geology Hanoi University of Natural Sciences Hanoi 100000 Vietnam

The origin and quality of groundwater in the Southeastern region （belongs to Southern Plain） were identified by using isotopic techniques and geochemical analysis. Groundwater samples were collected from 7 aquifers： the Holocene, upper Pleistocene, middle Pleistocene, lower Pleistocene, upper Pliocene, middle Pliocene and Miocene aquifers. The water isotopic compositions （82H and 8180） were determined to elucidate the origin and the interaction between surface water and groundwater studies. Transit time （age） of the groundwater samples was determined to explain the direction of groundwater flow. The dating techniques included 3H and ^14C isotopes measurement, followed by a correction for the initial ^14C-activity by the ^13C-composition （^13C） in TDIC （Total Dissolved Inorganic Carbon）. Geochemical parameters of the groundwater samples were measured either directly in the field or in the laboratory. The results showed that the groundwater from the Holocene and upper Pleistocene aquifers was most recharged from the local meteorological and hydrological systems, including local precipitation, fiver and reservoirs. Thus, it has short transit time and its stable isotopic composition is spread around the local meteoric waterline and lines for rivers or reservoirs water. The groundwater in the deeper aquifers： middle and lower Pleistocene, and Neogene aquifers has old age up to 22.5 ka BP. Its water seems to be recharged from the areas with an altitude from 600 to 700 m higher to the Neogene deposit layer altitude. The groundwater in the SE SP （South-Eastern Southern Plain） region has a high quality. The water type is Na-Ca-Mg-HCO3 with low content of chloride and TDS （Total Dissolved Solids）. Calcite/dolomite and gypsum dissolution, organic matter decomposition and sequence of red-ox reactions proceeding through different electron acceptors sediment were controlled the chemistry of the groundwater in the study region.

关键词： Water isotopic composition ^14C-dating groundwater South-Eastern Southern Plain region vietnam.

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Epidemiology and Clonal Spread Evidence of Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms in the Center of Care and Protection of Orphaned Children, vietnam

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第3期14卷 165-189页

作者： Van Kim nguyen Pirom Noisumdaeng Pol. Maj. Katiya Ivanovitch Stephen Baker Eugene Athan Stephanie Jones Le Thi Lan Larry Croft Yin Peng Lee Tara Cassidy Van Hung Tran Thi Hang Phan Huu Tinh Ho Faculty of Public Health Thammasat University Bangkok Thailand Department of Prevention and Infection Control Hung Vuong Hospital HCM City Vietnam Microbiology of Faculty of Public Health Thammasat University Bangkok Thailand Thammasat University Research Unit in Modern Microbiology and Public Health Genomics Thammasat University Bangkok Thailand National Heart & Lung Institute (NHLI) University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Barwon South West Public Health Unit Geelong Australia Center for Innovation in Infectious Disease and Immunology Research (CIIDIR) Geelong Australia School of Medicine Deakin University Burwood Australia Monash Health Berwick Australia Center of Care and Protection of Orphaned Children HCM City Vietnam Charles River Laboratories Microbial Solutions Melbourne Australia Personnel Department of nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital HCM City Vietnam Hung Vuong Hospital HCM City Vietnam Department of Epidemiology Institute of Public Health HCM City Vietnam

Objective: To determine the prevalence of colonization and transmission of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative organisms in order to develop of an effective infection prevention program. Design: Cross-sectional study with carbapenem-resistant organisms (CRO) colonization detection from the fecal specimens of 20 Health Care Workers (HCWs) and 67 residents and 175 random environment specimens from September 2022 to September 2023. Setting: A Care and Protection Centre of Orphaned Children in South of HCM City. Participants: It included 20 HCWs, 67 residents, and 175 randomly collected environmental specimens. Method: Rectal and environmental swabs were collected from 20 HCWs, 67 residents (most of them were children), and 175 environmental specimens. MELAB Chromogenic CARBA agar plates, Card NID, and NMIC-500 CPO of the BD Phoenix TM Automated Microbiology System and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were the tests to screen, confirm CROs, respectively and determine CRO colonization and transmission between HCWs, residents, and the environment. Result: We detected 36 CRO isolates, including 6, 11 and 19 CROs found in 6 HCWs, 10 residents and 19 environments. The prevalence of detectable CRO was 30% (6/20) in HCWs, 14.92% (10/67) in residents, and 10.86% (19/175) in environmental swabs in our study. WGS demonstrated CRO colonization and transmission with the clonal spread of E. coli and A. nosocomialis, among HCWs and residents (children). Conclusion: Significant CRO colonization and transmission was evident in HCWs, residents, and the center environment. Cleaning and disinfection of the environment and performing regular hand hygiene are priorities to reduce the risk of CRO colonization and transmission.

关键词： Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms Contamination Hand Hygiene Whole Genome Sequencing Infection Prevention

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PRRS in vietnam and Its Diagnosis

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Journal of Life Sciences 2015年第6期9卷 272-276页

作者： Ngoc Hai nguyen Thi Hong vi Vuong Tan Hung Vo Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Nong Lam UniversityHo Chi Minh city 0084-8 Vietnam Hanviet Veterinary Diagnosis Laboratory Nong Lam University Ho Chi Minh city 0084-8 Vietnam

Genotyping 42 serum samples taken from the pigs in the oubreaks from 2009 to 2013 with RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR, showed more than 80% of samples were positive with Chinese PRRSV clade, and the others were European and North American classical PRRSV genotypes. Ten serum samples from unnapprent PRRS herds were examined for antibodies against PRRSV with ELISA and also for PRRSV with RT-PCR. It was clearly that the titer of antibodies against PRRSV by ELISA test could not be used for interpreting PRRSV infection. In despite of PRRS vaccination or non-vaccination, a risk of PRRSV infection and re-infection exist, utilizing RT-PCR in combination with serology will give the producer and veterinarian PRRSV more exact situation in the herds.

关键词： vietnam PRRS genotype diagnosis ELISA RT-PCR.

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汉语与越南语客套话对比研究

汉语与越南语客套话对比研究

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作者：阮德仁（nguyen DUC nhan）西北大学

学位级别：硕士

客套话是语言交际中重要的内容。本文从中越两国文化对比出发,分析了汉语与越南语文化中客套话的异同。二者在交际中相同的地方较多,比如语用中的观念、礼仪等,主要差异是打招呼、告别、时间表达等方面,这是由文化和历史原因造成的。因... 详细信息

客套话是语言交际中重要的内容。本文从中越两国文化对比出发,分析了汉语与越南语文化中客套话的异同。二者在交际中相同的地方较多,比如语用中的观念、礼仪等,主要差异是打招呼、告别、时间表达等方面,这是由文化和历史原因造成的。因此,对于越南学生来说,学习汉语客套话在形式上、语用中就存在一定难度,对此,本文通过分析常见客套话学习中容易出现的偏误,给出教学建议,探讨了关于礼仪、宗教、历史、时代等因素引发的教学问题,提出了如对照学习、固定对话等教学方法,希望能够帮助越南学生能够较好地应用汉语客套语进行交际,避免跨文化交际中的障碍。

关键词：汉语客套话越南语客套话偏误文化交际

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Subtle Variations in Surface Properties of Black Silicon Surfaces Influence the Degree of Bactericidal Efficiency

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Nano-Micro Letters 2018年第2期10卷 239-246页

作者： Chris M.Bhadra Marco Werner Vladimir A.Baulin vi Khanh Truong Mohammad Al Kobaisi Song Ha nguyen Armandas Balcytis Saulius Juodkazis James Y.Wang David E.Mainwaring Russell J.Crawford Elena P.Ivanova School of Science Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Departament d’Enginyeria Química Universitat Rovira i Virgili Melbourne Center for Nanofabrication School of Science RMIT University

One of the major challenges faced by the biomedical industry is the development of robust synthetic surfaces that can resist bacterial colonization. Much inspiration has been drawn recently from naturally occurring mechano-bactericidal surfaces such as the wings of cicada(Psaltoda claripennis) and dragonfly(Diplacodes bipunctata) species in fabricating their synthetic analogs. However,the bactericidal activity of nanostructured surfaces is observed in a particular range of parameters reflecting the geometry of nanostructures and surface wettability. Here,several of the nanometer-scale characteristics of black silicon(bSi) surfaces including the density and height of the nanopillars that have the potential to influence the bactericidal efficiency of these nanostructured surfaces have been investigated. The results provide important evidence that minor variations in the nanoarchitecture of substrata can substantially alter their performance as bactericidal surfaces.

关键词： Black silicon Nanoarchitecture Bactericidal efficiency Deep reactive ion etching(DRIE) Neural network analysis

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Mechanical Properties of Submicron Glass Fiber Reinforced vinyl Ester Composite

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2019年第4期9卷 365-377页

作者： nguyen T. T. nhan K. Obunai K. Okubo O. Shibata H. Tomokuni Y. Fujita Department of Mechanical and Systems Engineering Graduate School/Faculty of Science and Engineering Doshisha University Kyotanabe Kyoto Japan DIC Corporation Tokyo Japan

vinyl ester (VE) resin inherently has intrinsic brittleness due to its high cross-link density. To improve mechanical performance, micro/nano fillers are widely used to modify this matrix. In present study, glass fiber in submicron scale at low contents was added into VE to prepare submicron composite (sMC). The impact resistance of un-notched sMC degraded with the increase of sGF content while that of notched-sMC remained the unchanged. Flexural properties of sMCs also were the same with that of neat resin. The results of Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) test showed the slight increase of storage modulus and the decrease of tan delta value in the case of sMC compared to those of un-filled matrix. However, the Mode I fracture toughness of sMC improved up to 26% and 61% corresponding to 0.3 and 0.6 wt% glass fiber used. The compact tension sample test suggests that there is the delay of crack propagation under tensile cyclic load in resin reinforced by submicron glass fiber. The number of failure cycle enlarged proportionally with the increment of sGF content in matrix.

关键词： Submicron Glass Fiber vinyl Ester Resin (VE) Micro-Nano Composite Submicron Composite Modify

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Effect of loading rate and time delay on the tangent modulus method(TMM)in coal and coal measured rocks

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第6期9卷 51-63页

作者： Zulfiqar Ali Murat Karakus Giang D.nguyen Khalid Amrouch School of Civil Environmental and Mining EngineeringUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5000Australia Australian School of Petroleum and Energy University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5000Australia Geology&Sustainable Mining Mohammed VI Polytechnic University43150 BenguerirMorocco

Non-destructive techniques of in-situ stress measurement from oriented cored rocks have great potential to be developed as a cost cost-effective and reliable alternative to the conventional overcoring and hydraulic fracturing *** tangent modulus method(TMM)is one such technique that can be applied to oriented cored rocks to measure in-situ *** the deformation rate analysis(DRA),the rock specimen is subjected to two cycles of uniaxial compression and the stress-tangent modulus curve for the two cycles is obtained from the stress-strain curve.A bending point in the tangent modulus curve of the first cycle is observed,separating it from the tangent modulus curve of the second *** point of separation between the two curves is assumed to be the previously applied maximum stress.A number of experiments were conducted on coal and coal measured rocks(sandstone and limestone)to understand the effect of loading conditions and the time *** specimens were preloaded,and cyclic compressions were applied under three different modes of loading,four different strain rates,and time delays of up to one *** bending point in the stress-tangent modulus curves occurred approximately at the applied pre-stress levels under all three loading modes,and no effect of loading rate was observed on the bending points in ***,a clear effect of time delay was observed on the TMM,contradicting the DRA *** could be due to the sensitivity of TMM and the range of its applicability,all of which need further investigation for the in-situ stress measurement.

关键词： Tangent modulus method TMM Deformation rate analysis DRA Time delay Strain rate

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越南法据时期小学汉语教材《汉文新教科书》研究

越南法据时期小学汉语教材《汉文新教科书》研究

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作者：阮微清（nguyen vi Thanh）上海师范大学

学位级别：硕士

1世纪,随着北属战争的爆发,大批中国人涌入越南,汉字也随之进入越南,慢慢成为古代越南人的通用文字。直到20世纪初,汉字在越南仍然具有巨大的影响,占据着重要的位置。汉字在越南文化的发展中有着重要的作用,不仅在书籍记录方面,更是作... 详细信息

1世纪,随着北属战争的爆发,大批中国人涌入越南,汉字也随之进入越南,慢慢成为古代越南人的通用文字。直到20世纪初,汉字在越南仍然具有巨大的影响,占据着重要的位置。汉字在越南文化的发展中有着重要的作用,不仅在书籍记录方面,更是作为越南人创造喃字的基础,为越南文字的流传做出巨大贡献。因此,曾有不少越南教育家编写了汉字教材。本文主要研究越南汉学家黎烁、阮颉芝从1928年至1930年合写的一套汉语教材《汉文新教科书》（Hán Vǎn T（?）n Giáo Khoa Th（?））,考述黎、阮两人的生平和著作,分析《汉文新教科书》的体例、教学内容及其教学方法,并对其编写原则、编写方法进行评价,以期对中越今日的对外汉语教学有所启示。本文主要内容共六章:第一章为绪论,本章主要介绍本文的研究对象,阐述其研究意义。对目前的越南汉语教学史现状、作者及其著作的研究现状进行总结论述。列出研究中使用的理论、方法及研究文献的来源。第二章介绍越南20世纪初的教学背景,对黎烁与阮颉芝的生平进行详细的考证;从越南国内汉学发展及越南19世纪到20世纪初的社会现状来考察《汉文新教科书》的成书背景。对全书的编写体例、主要内容进行宏观全面的介绍与揭示。第三章对《汉文新教科书》的汉字、词汇系统进行研究,详细地分析书中所教汉字的特点,探究教材所使用的汉字及词汇的教学方法,并对其进行评价。第四章对《汉文新教科书》童幼级、预备级、初等级的短语、句子部分进行整理、归纳、详细描写教材所采用的教学方法,并对该教材的语法教学做出评价。第五章对《汉文新教科书》高等级的短文教学进行统计,并做简单分析,同时对该套书的初、中、高等级的练习进行分析、比较,对练习安排、形式的优缺点进行评价。第六章对《汉文新教科书》进行综合的评价,从对外汉语教学史、世界汉语教学的角度分析其价值,并从对外汉语教材编写的角度考察其优点和不足,以期能够对当今的对外汉语教材编写,尤其是国别化的对外汉语教材编写提供借鉴。

关键词：黎烁阮颉芝《汉文新教科书》 Hán Vǎn T(?)n Giáo Khoa Th(?) 汉字教学短语教学句子教学

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