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Neurogenesis within the adult hippocampus under physiological conditions and in depression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第7期7卷 552-559页

作者： Martin Dokter Oliver von Bohlen und Halbach Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology Ernst Moritz Arndt University of GreifswaldGermany

Adult neurogenesis can only be observed in some specific brain regions. One of these areas is the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation. The progenitor cells located in the subgranular layer of the dentate gyrus proliferate, differentiate, and give rise to young neurons that can become integrated into existing neuronal circuits. Under physiological conditions, hippocampal neurogenesis is linked to hippocampal-dependent learning, whereas deficits in adult hippocampal neurogenesis have been shown to correlate with disturbances in spatial learning and memory. This review summarizes the phenomenon of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the use of suitable markers for the investigation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In addition, we focused on the disturbances in neurogenesis that can be seen in depression. Interestingly, several antidepressants have been found to be capable of increasing the rate of hippocampal neurogenesis. Based on that, it can be speculated that factors, which directly or indirectly increase the rate of hippocampal neurogenesis, may be helpful in the treatment of depression.

关键词： hippocampus dentate gyrus learning depression aging environment

Roles and functions of Atp6ap2 in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2038-2043页

作者： Alexander Bracke Oliver von Bohlen und Halbach Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology Universit?tsmedizin Greifswald

The classical renin-angiotensin system（RAS） in the body has been studied intensively in the last decades, since it is known that this system is involved in the regulation of blood pressure. Since nearly all members of the classical RAS have also been identified within the brain in the last decades and due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier, a RAS within the brain（bRAS） that is largely independent from the peripheral RAS has been postulated. All members of the angiotensin family as e.g., angiotensin II, angiotensin IV and angiotensin II（1-7） along with the respective receptors（e.g., angiotensin II receptor type 1（AT1）, angiotensin II receptor type 2（AT2）, angiotensin IV receptor（AT4）, angiotensin II（1-7） receptor（Mas）） have been identified within the brain. Moreover, a receptor capable of binding renin and the renin precursor prorenin with high affinity has also been detected within the brain. This protein functions as a membrane receptor for（pro）renin and also represents a V-ATPase subunit and is therefore termed（P）RR or Atp6 ap2, respectively. In this review we shed light on the（known as well as putative） roles and functions of Atp6 ap2 in the brain under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.

关键词： prorenin receptor renin-angiotensin X-linked intellectual disability hippocampus behaviour adult neurogenesis animal model human

Preliminary multiproxy surface air temperature field reconstruction for China over the past millennium

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第12期55卷 2058-2067页

作者： SHI Feng YANG Bao Lucien von GUNTEN Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research&Institute of Geography University of BernBernSwitzerland

We present the first millennial-length gridded field reconstruction of annual temperature for China, and analyze the reconstruction for spatiotemporal changes and associated uncertainties, based on a network of 415 well-distributed and accurately dated climatic proxy *** new reconstruction method is a modified form of the point-by-point regression (PPR) *** main difference is the incorporation of the "composite plus scale" (CPS) and "Regularized errors-in-variables" (EIV) algorithms to allow for the assimilation of various types of the proxy ***, the search radius is restricted to a grid size; this restriction helps effectively exclude proxy data possibly correlated with temperature but belonging to a different climate *** results indicate that: 1) the past temperature record in China is spatially heterogenic, with variable correlations between cells in time; 2) the late 20th century warming in China probably exceeds mean temperature levels at any period of the past 1000 years, but the temperature anomalies of some grids in eastern China during the Medieval climate anomaly period are warmer than during the modern warming; 3) the climatic variability in the eastern and western regions of China was not synchronous during much of the last millennium, probably due to the influence of the Tibetan *** temperature reconstruction may serve as a reference to test simulation results over the past millennium, and help to finely analyze the spatial characteristics and the driving mechanism of the past temperature ***, the lower reconstruction skill scores for some grid points underline that the present set of available proxy data series is not yet sufficient to accurately reconstruct the heterogeneous climate of China in all regions, and that there is the need for more highly resolved temperature proxies, particularly in the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： climate change global warming paleoclimatology temperature field reconstruction

First-principles search of hot superconductivity in La-X-H ternary hydrides

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1-8页

作者： Simone Di Cataldo Wolfgang von der Linden Lilia Boeri Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics Graz University of TechnologyNAWI Graz8010GrazAustria Dipartimento di Fisica Sapienza Universitàdi Roma00185RomaItaly Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi Via Panisperna89a00184RomaItaly

Motivated by the recent claim of hot superconductivity with critical temperatures up to 550 K in La + x hydrides,we investigate the high-pressure phase diagram of compounds that may have formed in the experiment,using first-principles calculations for evolutionary crystal structure prediction and *** from the hypothesis that the observed T_(c) may be realized by successive heating upon a pre-formed LaH_(10) phase,we examine plausible ternaries of lanthanum,hydrogen and other elements present in the diamond anvil cell: boron,nitrogen,carbon,platinum,gallium,*** find that only boron and,to a lesser extent,gallium form metastable superhydride-like structures that can host high-T_(c) superconductivity,but the predicted T_(c)’s are incompatible with the experimental *** results indicate that,while the claims of hot superconductivity should be reconsidered,it is very likely that unknown H-rich ternary or multinary phases containing lanthanum,hydrogen,and possibly boron or gallium may have formed under the reported experimental conditions,and that these may exhibit superconducting properties comparable,or even superior,to those of currently known hydrides.

关键词： hydrides boron superconductivity

Das Bettelweib von Locarno

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德语学习 2011年第6期 7-10页

作者： Heinrich von Kleist

Am Fuβe der Alpen , bei Locarno im oberen Italien , befand sich ein altes , einem Marchese gehriges Schloβ, das man jetzt , wenn man vom *** kommt , in Schutt und

关键词： der St ab Am Das Bettelweib von Locarno

Controlling glutathione entry into mitochondria:potential roles for SLC25A39 in health and(treatment of)disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第4期7卷 951-952页

作者： Oliver von Bohlen und Halbach Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology Friedrich Loeffler Str.23c17489 GreifswaldGermany

Members of the mitochondrial solute carrier(SLC)family 25(SLC25)provide transport steps for substances across the mitochondrial inner membrane into the mitochondria that are needed for biochemical pathways and cellular *** a recent paper in Nature,Wang et al.1 could demonstrate that glutathione(GSH)transport seems to be mediated by SLC25A39,since loss of SLC25A39 reduces mitochondrial GSH import and abundance without affecting cellular GSH levels.

关键词： SLC steps 25A

UEBER EINE NEUE FOSSILE REPTILFORM von PROVINZ HUPEH,CHINA

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古生物学报 1959年第5期 47-52页

作者： von WANG KUNG-MU Geol Geol.Ministerium Museum

Das zur Untersuchung vorliegende Exemplar wurde von einer geologischen Expedition derProvinz Hupeh in Nanchang-Distrikt in 1956 gefunden und ü*** Erhaltungszustand dieses Exemplares ist wie folgende:Gut erhaltende Teile sind dieOberfl(?)che des hinteren Teils des Sch(?)dels,Hals-und Rumpf-Wirbel *** mitteleund vordere Teile des Sch(?)dels sind *** Unterkiefer ist nicht *** vordere

关键词： der UEBER EINE NEUE FOSSILE REPTILFORM von PROVINZ HUPEH,CHINA 爬行动物化石

Assessing the impact of the maritime silk road

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2017年第3期2卷 186-195页

作者： Orestis Schinas Arnd Graf von Westarp HSBA Hamburg School of Business AdministrationGermanyAlter Wall 38Hamburg 20457Germany Hamburg Süd Willy-Brandt-Straße 59-6520457 HamburgGermay

The plans for the Maritime Silk Road affect the existing liner *** purpose of this paper is to quantify using the terms of network theory the impact of these plans and to project the effects on the fleet,utilization,port throughput,and carbon *** analysis is based on publicly available information and reasonable fleet deployment *** also considers current and alternative routing schedules from Shanghai to *** impact of existing and expected emission control areas(ECAs)along the port chains is also considered.

关键词： Maritime transportation One Belt One Road(OBOR) Liner shipping Environmental impact

Aqueous lithium-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2021年第5期3卷 721-751页

作者： Arthur von Wald Cresce Kang Xu US Army Research Laboratory AdelphiMarylandUSA

Aqueous electrolytes were once the rule for the battery *** the advent of lithium ion batteries,a majority of commercially relevant batteries utilized water as the solvent for ion *** development of the intercalation-based lithium ion battery upended the industrial aqueous electrolyte paradigm:the high energy density of the lithium-ion battery was revolutionary but required the use of organic electrolytes capable of passivating strongly redox active *** the safety of organic electrolytes becoming an issue in the early 1990s,a small community re-examined aqueous electrolytes for lithium ion *** first such audacious attempt was by Dahn et al.,who conceptualized an aqueous lithium-ion battery chemistry based on electrode materials suitable for the narrow electrochemical stability window of water,sacrificing energy density and cycle life for safety and low *** concept of an aqueous lithium-ion battery was revived in the mid-2010s with“highly concentrated”electrolytes,expanding the electrochemical stability window of water to regions comparable with nonaqueous *** then,significant efforts have been made around the world,aiming to understand the nature of the interfacial stability in those highconcentration electrolytes as well as to further make the system viable for practical *** review summarizes these efforts in this emerging frontier of new battery chemistries.

关键词： aqueous batteries interfaces lithium ion safety stability