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Manual and alternative therapies as non-pharmacological interventions for pain and stress control in newborns:a systematic review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第1期19卷 35-47页

作者： Leva A.shayani Vera Regina F.da S.Maraes University of Brasilia BrasiliaBrazil

Background supporting therapies that provide stress and pain control of preterm and term newborns infants contribute positively to the neuropsychomotor development.Non-pharmacological interventions that involve manual techniques are described,considering protocols that can be reproduced by physical therapists,with positive and negative outcomes reports.data sources systematic review follows PRIsMA 2020 statements guidelines.Primary and specific health sciences databases(science Direct,Pubmed,scielo,Embase and scopus)were consulted between October 2021 and May 2022.Articles con-sidered were clinical trials,randomized or not,that included descriptions of the type of intervention as non-pharmacological and that studied the following outcomes:"pain"and"stress".Results fifteen articles were selected for analysis,reaching a methodological quality of at least 3 on the Jadad scale for the Quality of Researched sources.The non-pharmacological therapies most applied in isolation were massage,swaddling or wrapping,gentle touch and kinesthetic stimulation,and the combined therapies were non-nutritive sucking and swad-dling,oral sucrose and swaddling,sensory stimulation and familiar odors,and sensory saturation.The outcomes found were relaxation,pain,and stress reduction after the application of painful procedures.The behavioral changes included crying,grimacing,yawning,sneezing,jerky arm or leg movements,startles,and finger flaring.The vital signs included heart rate,blood oxygen saturation level,and pulse respiration.Conclusions Combined techniques lead to better results in controlling neonatal pain when compared to isolated techniques.They can be applied both in preterm and term infants in a safe way and are reproducible in any health unit in a simple and economical way.

关键词： Newborn Non-pharmacological interventions Pain Premature neonate stress

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Phytotoxic effect of sesbania virgata(Cav.) Pers.on seeds of agronomic and forestry species

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Journal of forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 339-346页

作者： vera Lygia El Id Bárbara Vale da Costa daiane salete Broch Mignoni Marina Belloni Veronesi Kelly simoes Marcia regina Braga Nelson Augusto dos santos Junior seed Department Institute of Botany Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Department Institute of Botany

sesbania virgata（Cav.） Pers.is a pioneer species native to south America able to release allelochemicals that affect germination and development of other plant species.The aim of this work was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of s.virgata on the germination and development of co-occurring species from gallery forest and on agronomic species.Two forest native species,Enterolobium contortisiliquum（Vell.） Morong and sapindus saponaria L.,and two agronomic species（these as control）,Oryza sativa L.and solanum lycopersicum L.were used in the lab and greenhouse assays with seeds and leaf extracts of s.virgata.Agronomic species were more affected than native species when co-germinated with seeds of s.virgata.The germination percentage and speed germination index of the agronomic species were reduced in both in vitro and greenhouse assays.In the same assays,the seeds of native species showed no significant differences in the parameters mentioned.However,the initial growth of the four species assayed was affected,with reduction in plant length and shoot diameter followed by significant reduction in plantlet shoot and root weights.In the assays with irrigation of s.virgata leaf extracts,no significant inhibitory effects on germination were observed for all species.Height and shoot diameter of the native species were not affected by the leaf extracts,nor were fresh and dry weights.However,these parameters increased in the agronomic species as they were irrigated with leaf extracts.Based on our data we conclude that seed leachates of s.virgata affect germination and seedling development of other species,suggesting that its invasive behavior is due mainly to seed allelochemicals.Although with less pronounced effects on native species,allelopathy of s.virgata might also influence Interspecific competition in its natural environment.

关键词： Allelochemicals Allelopathy Catechin fabaceae Gallery forest

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