Manual and alternative therapies as non-pharmacological interventions for pain and stress control in newborns:a systematic review
作者机构：University of BrasiliaBrasiliaBrazil
出 版 物：《World Journal of Pediatrics》 (世界儿科杂志（英文版）)
年 卷 期：2023年第19卷第1期
页 面：35-47页
核心收录：
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100202[医学-儿科学] 10[医学]
主 题：Newborn Non-pharmacological interventions Pain Premature neonate Stress
摘 要：Background Supporting therapies that provide stress and pain control of preterm and term newborns infants contribute positively to the neuropsychomotor development.Non-pharmacological interventions that involve manual techniques are described,considering protocols that can be reproduced by physical therapists,with positive and negative outcomes reports.Data sources Systematic review follows PRISMA 2020 statements guidelines.Primary and specific health sciences databases(Science Direct,Pubmed,Scielo,Embase and Scopus)were consulted between October 2021 and May 2022.Articles con-sidered were clinical trials,randomized or not,that included descriptions of the type of intervention as non-pharmacological and that studied the following outcomes:painandstress.Results Fifteen articles were selected for analysis,reaching a methodological quality of at least 3 on the Jadad Scale for the Quality of Researched Sources.The non-pharmacological therapies most applied in isolation were massage,swaddling or wrapping,gentle touch and kinesthetic stimulation,and the combined therapies were non-nutritive sucking and swad-dling,oral sucrose and swaddling,sensory stimulation and familiar odors,and sensory saturation.The outcomes found were relaxation,pain,and stress reduction after the application of painful procedures.The behavioral changes included crying,grimacing,yawning,sneezing,jerky arm or leg movements,startles,and finger flaring.The vital signs included heart rate,blood oxygen saturation level,and pulse respiration.Conclusions Combined techniques lead to better results in controlling neonatal pain when compared to isolated techniques.They can be applied both in preterm and term infants in a safe way and are reproducible in any health unit in a simple and economical way.
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