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Exploring Trees Diversity and Ecological Value of Mountain Forests in th. Blue Nile Region of Sudan

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 245-256页

作者： Dafa-Alla M. Dafa-Alla h.yth.m h. Gibreel Ah.ed A. h. Siddig Yousif E. Yagoub h.sh.m A. Abdelkarim Kh.tir h.T. Saeed Ah.ed I. Abuelbash.r Faculty of Forestry-Sh.mbat University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan h.rvard Forest Harvard University Petersham MA USA Faculty of Forest Science and Wood Tech.ology University of Gezira Wad-Medani Sudan Department of Forestry and Range Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Alsalam University Alfula Sudan Forest Research.and Gum Arabic Centre Agricultural Research Corporation Khartoum-Soba Sudan

We carried out th.s research.at Abu-Gaddaf Natural Forest Reserve (ANFR) wh.ch.is located east of Blue Nile River, in Blue Nile State, Sudan. It aims at exploring tree composition assessing th.ir diversity indices, and ecological importance values. For survey of types and estimation of density of tree species in th. forest, we randomly distributed 97 circular sample plots (0.1 h.ctare (h.)). In each.sample plot we identified all trees to th. species level, recorded th.ir frequencies and computed species diversity and importance value indices (IVI). A total of 13 tree species, wh.ch.belong to 12 genera and nine families, were identified in th. tree layer of th. forest. Mean tree density in ANFR was 116 trees/h., composed mainly of Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) h.ch.t. (48), followed by Combretum h.rtmannianu (19) and Lannea fruticosa (18). Fabaceae was th. most common family followed by Combretaceae and Malvaceae. B. papyrifera Delile h.ch.t was th. most abundant wh.le Acacia seyal was th. least abundant species. Species rich.ess (R = 1.71), evenness (E = 0.69), dominance (0.24) indices and Simpson’s Index of Diversity (D' = 0.76) suggest a moderate diversity, moderate numbers of individuals in each.species and a moderate community stability. Th. research.provides empirical results on diversity and ecological importance value of species, signifies th. urging need to safeguard th.eatened species and to prioritize th.m for conservation, as well as th. need to promote management of abundant species to provide multiple forest ecosystem services.

关键词： Tree Species Diversity Dry-Land Forest Sudan

事实、可能性和世界:来自《逻辑哲学论》的三条教益

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世界哲学 2024年第4期 134-148页

作者： [美]h.斯鲁格邵世恒(译) 美国加州大学伯克利分校哲学系西北大学哲学学院西北大学外国哲学研究中心

维特根斯坦的《逻辑哲学论》从第一页开始就一直是个谜,至今依然如此。根据其开篇断言,事实总和构成世界,而事态总和划定逻辑可能性空间。但事实是什么?可能事态是什么?我们为何需要考虑它们的总和?弗雷格和罗素是第一批努力应对这些解... 详细信息

维特根斯坦的《逻辑哲学论》从第一页开始就一直是个谜,至今依然如此。根据其开篇断言,事实总和构成世界,而事态总和划定逻辑可能性空间。但事实是什么?可能事态是什么?我们为何需要考虑它们的总和?弗雷格和罗素是第一批努力应对这些解释性问题的人。《逻辑哲学论》日益增多的二手文献表明我们是多么容易沉溺于其诠释学中。然而,更重要的问题是,我们能从维特根斯坦的字里行间取到哪些实质性哲学教益。事实表明,至少有三条教益。第一条是,罗素和《逻辑哲学论》时期的维特根斯坦非常依赖的“事实”概念在哲学上是脆弱的。相反,我们的注意力要转向世界的“事实性”这一更宽泛的概念。第二条是,我们能够、也必须从事实和模态两方面来思考世界,但如此做时,我们必须把可能性的、而非必然性观念作为初始的,同时必须把可能性看作是纯然虚拟的、而非事实的。第三条是,如果我们要理解逻辑、科学和伦理,就必须将世界视为一个整体。

关键词：事实事态可能性逻辑世界

Effect of mitomycin C on th. corneal endoth.lial cells of Saudi patients with.myopia after transepith.lial ph.torefractive keratectomy:a two-armed coh.rt study

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International Journal of Oph.h.lmology(English.edition) 2024年第5期17卷 909-915页

作者： Sultan h.Alrash.di Department of Oph.h.lmology College of MedicineQassim UniversityBuraidah 51452Saudi Arabia

AIM:To study th. effect of mitomycin C(MMC)applied during transepith.lial ph.torefractive keratectomy(TPRK)on th. corneal endoth.lium one week(W1)and th.ee month.(M3)after surgery and its ***:In th.s two-armed coh.rt study conducted in 2022,eyes treated with.MMC during TPRK(group 1)were compared with.eyes not treated with.MMC(group 2).Th. corneal endoth.lial cell(EC)count,EC density(ECD;cells/mm2),average(μm2),standard deviation(μm2),coefficient of variation(CV%),ECmax,ECmin,and EC percentage of h.xagonality were estimated at W1 and *** postoperative ch.nges in th. EC count in th. two groups were compared and correlated with.th. oth.r independent ***:Group 1 h.d 26 eyes,and group 2 h.d 78 *** TPRK indices were significantly h.gh.r for th. eyes in group 1 th.n for th.se in group *** MMC usage was not a significant predictor of th. ch.nge in ECD(P=0.644),ch.nge in CV(P=0.374),and ch.nge in th. percentage of h.xagonality of EC(P=0.164)at ***,th. use of MMC was a significant predictor of ch.nges in CV(P=0.014)and th. ch.nge in th. percentage of h.xagonality of EC(P=0.039)at *** duration of laser exposure and th. size of th. optical zone influenced th. correlation of MMC use with.th. ch.nges in EC indices,***:Th. use of MMC doesn’t affect ECD,CV,and percentage of h.xagonality at W1 if oth.r surgical indices are *** M3 after operating myopic eyes by TPRK,MMC significantly influence th. CV and percentage of *** duration of th. laser application and th. size of th. optical zone sh.uld be considered wh.n determining th. effect of MMC on th. EC indices.

关键词： transepith.lial ph.torefractive keratectomy mitomycin-C corneal endoth.lium

Adh.sion G protein-coupled receptor latroph.lin 1(ADGRL1):a novel regulator of glucose and energy h.meostasis

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Th.rapy 2024年第8期9卷 3143-3144页

作者： Kavaljit h.Ch.abra Department of Ph.rmacology and Nutritional Sciences Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Research CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

Recently,I read with.interest th. research.article entitled'Dysfunction of th. adh.sion G protein-coupled receptor latroph.lin 1(ADGRL1/LPh.1)increases th. risk of obesity publish.d in Signal Transduction and Targeted *** report confirms and extends our findings th.t ADGRL1(aka latroph.lin 1)regulates energy balance and glucose h.meostasis.?Using affinity ch.omatograph. coupled with.proteomics and electroph.siology,we sh.wed th.t ADGRL1 is likely a glucose receptor in th. *** findings demonstrated th.t lack of ADGRL1 in th. h.poth.lamus or wh.le-body causes obesity and features of type 2 diabetes in *** is refresh.ng to see Dietzsch.et al.i reach.d th. same conclusion.

关键词： h.meostasis obesity h.poth.lamus

Black Garlic as an Antiviral for h.rpes Simplex Virus-2 in Lung Cells

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotech.ology 2024年第1期15卷 70-89页

作者： Jenna R. h.rowitz Lee h. Lee Sandra D. Adams Department of Biology Montclair State University Montclair NJ USA

Allicin, an antioxidant, is known for providing garlic with.its unique fragrance and taste, as well as for its antimicrobial properties. Black garlic, a fermented form of garlic, contains h.gh.r levels of antioxidants th.n fresh.garlic. Antioxidants play a vital role in alleviating cellular stress during viral infections. Viral infections result in oxidative stress th.ough.th. production of reactive oxidative species (ROS). A prolonged state of oxidative stress can result in cell death. DNA damage, and disease progression. In th.s study, black garlic extract (BGE) is evaluated for its ability to mitigate cytopath.c effects and oxidative stress caused by h.rpes simplex virus-2 (h.V-2) infections in vitro. Antiviral assays were performed to determine th. percent of viral inh.bition resulting from treatment with.th. BGE. ROS-GloTM h.sub>2O2 assays were th.n completed to measure th. post-infection ROS levels of BGE-treated virus and cells. Th. results th.s far suggest th.t BGE may inh.bit viral infection and decrease levels of oxidative stress.

关键词： Black Garlic h.rpes Simplex Virus-2 Antioxidant Antiviral Allicin

Global Stability Analysis of th. Math.matical Model for Malaria Transmission between Vector and h.st Population

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American Journal of Computational Math.matics 2024年第2期14卷 275-289页

作者： Ragh.d Alsulami Amal Almatrafi Neh.d Almoh.mmadi h.nin Alosaimi h. A. Batarfi Department of Math.matics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

In th.s paper, we discuss a math.matical model of malaria transmission between vector and h.st population. We study th. basic qualitative properties of th. model, th. boundedness and non-negativity, calculate all equilibria, and prove th. global stability of th.m and th. beh.viour of th. model wh.n th. basic reproduction ratio R0 is greater th.n one or less th.n one. Th. global stability of equilibria is establish.d by using Lyapunov meth.d. Graph.cal representations of th. calculated parameters and th.ir effects on disease eradication are provided.

关键词： Malaria Transmission Global Stability Lyapunov Function

Female Infertility and Obesity across th. United States—A Geograph.c Cross-Sectional Analysis

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2024年第3期12卷 179-189页

作者： Raegan Abadie Emily M. Dantes Jennifer h. Sh.w Dani Zoorob h.alth.Sciences Center in Sh.eveport Louisiana State University Shreveport LA USA Department of Biomedical Sciences Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine South Georgia Moultrie GA USA h.alth.Sciences Center in Sh.eveport Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Louisiana State University Shreveport LA USA

Th.s cross-sectional study investigates a connection between female infertility and obesity across various regions of th. United States, utilizing data from th. NIh.s “All of Us” Research.r Workbench. Analysis suggested th.t th. South.rn region exh.bited th. h.gh.st percentage of concurrently infertile and obese females at 32.3%, in contrast to th. lowest in th. Western region at 28.7%. Th. findings underscore th. significant regional disparities in obesity-related infertility, particularly in medically underserved areas wh.re h.alth.are access is limited. Th. study h.gh.igh.s th. urgent need for targeted public h.alth.interventions, particularly in th. South.rn United States, to address th. rising prevalence of obesity and its impact on infertility. Furth.r, th.se results advocate for enh.nced public h.alth.education and policies aimed at improving h.alth.are accessibility, with.th. goal of mitigating th. adverse effects of obesity on reproductive h.alth.

关键词： Female Infertility Medical Deserts Obesity South

Decellularised extracellular matrix-based injectable h.drogels for tissue engineering applications

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 114-128页

作者： Guo W.-Y. Wang W.-h. Xu P.-Y. Kankala R.K. Ch.n A.-Z. Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Huaqiao University Fujian Province Xiamen China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioch.mical Tech.ology (h.aqiao University) Fujian Province Xiamen China

Decellularised extracellular matrix (dECM) is a biomaterial derived from natural tissues th.t h.s attracted considerable attention from tissue engineering research.rs due to its exceptional biocompatibility and malleability attributes. Th.se advantageous properties often facilitate natural cell infiltration and tissue reconstruction for regenerative medicine. Due to th.ir excellent fluidity, th. injectable h.drogels can be administered in a liquid state and subsequently formed into a gel state in vivo, stabilising th. target area and serving in a variety of ways, such.as support, repair, and drug release functions. Th.s, dECM-based injectable h.drogels h.ve broad prospects for application in complex organ structures and various tissue injury models. Th.s review focuses on exploring research.advances in dECM-based injectable h.drogels, primarily focusing on th. applications and prospects of dECM h.drogels in tissue engineering. Initially, th. recent developments of th. dECM-based injectable h.drogels are explained, summarising th. different preparation meth.ds with.th. evaluation of injectable h.drogel properties. Furth.rmore, some specific examples of th. applicability of dECM-based injectable h.drogels are presented. Finally, we summarise th. article with.interesting prospects and ch.llenges of dECM-based injectable h.drogels, providing insigh.s into th. development of th.se composites in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. © 2024, Ch.nese Medical Multimedia Press Co Ltd. All righ.s reserved.

关键词： decellularisation meth.ds decellularised extracellular matrix injectable h.drogels tissue engineering

Implications of de Facto Reuse on Future Regulatory Developments for Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Auth.rity in Okatie, South.Carolina, USA

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第2期15卷 173-192页

作者： Tricia h. Kilgore Sh.bh.sh.ni Oza Jeremy h.tfield Kath.rine Y. Bell Department of Tech.ology and Innovation Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Authority Okatie SC USA Department of Research.and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Charlotte NC USA Department of Digital Solutions Brown and Caldwell Cleveland OH USA Department of Research.and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

A significant portion of th. national water supply can be attributed to de facto or unplanned potable reuse, th.ugh.th. extent of its contribution is difficult to estimate. Fortunately, th. contribution of Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) effluent to waters th.t supply drinking water treatment plants h.s been documented by some communities. In th. United States (US), among th. top 25 most impacted drinking water treatment plants by upstream WRRF, 16% of th. influent flow to th. drinking water treatment plant under average streamflow and up to 100% under low-flow conditions is WRRF effluent. Currently, th. full extent of de facto reuse in th. US may be much.h.gh.r because of population growth. Th. scenario is no different for Beaufort-Jasper Water and Sewer Auth.rity (BJWSA) in South.Carolina, US, with.contributions to th. Savannah.River originating from numerous WRRF and oth.r upstream disch.rgers. South.Carolina coastal utilities such.as BJSWA are considering direct and indirect potable reuse options, driven by disposal limitations and ch.llenges. Currently, South.Carolina does not h.ve a framework, guidelines, or regulations for reuse, but discussions h.ve started among th. regulated community. In addition to understanding th. extent of de facto reuse, th. state will need to develop standards and best practices to enable future adoption of planned potable reuse solutions to water resources ch.llenges. Such.guidance sh.uld address h.man h.alth.risk management and tech.ical considerations regarding treatment in addition to oth.r factors, including source control, storage, fail-safe operation, monitoring, non-cost factors, and public acceptance. Th.s study conducted a mapping assessment specific to BJWSA, sampled at four locations on Savannah.River, and observed th.t de facto reuse is approximately 4.6% to 5.9% during low-flow month. and is with.n th. range generally observed nationwide. Wh.n coupled with.evidence th.t planned potable reuse can improve h.man h

关键词： Water Reuse De Facto Reuse Planned Potable Reuse Water Recycling Wastewater Derived Contaminants