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Palliative long-term abdominal drains vs large volume paracenteses for the management of refractory ascites in end-stage liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 428-438页

作者： Senamjit Kaur Rodrigo V Motta Bryony Chapman victoria Wharton Jane D Collier Francesca Saffioti Oxford Liver Unit Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Oxford Liver Unit and Translational Gastroenterology Unit Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Long-term abdominal drains(LTAD)are a cost-effective palliative measure to manage malignant ascites in the community,but their use in patients with end-stage chronic liver disease and refractory ascites is not routine *** safety and cost-effectiveness of LTAD are currently being studied in this setting,with preliminary positive *** hypothesised that palliative LTAD are as effective and safe as repeat palliative large volume paracentesis(LVP)in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites and may offer advantages in patients’quality of *** To compare the effectiveness and safety of palliative LTAD and LVP in refractory ascites secondary to end-stage chronic liver *** A retrospective,observational cohort study comparing the effectiveness and safety outcomes of palliative LTAD and regular palliative LVP as a treatment for refractory ascites in consecutive patients with end-stage chronic liver disease followed-up at our United Kingdom tertiary centre between 2018 and 2022 was ***’s exact tests and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare qualitative and quantitative variables,***-Meier survival estimates were generated to stratify time-related outcomes according to the type of *** Thirty patients had a total of 35 indwelling abdominal drains and nineteen patients underwent regular *** baseline characteristics were similar between the *** antibiotics were more frequently prescribed in patients with LTAD(P=0.012),while the incidence of peritonitis did not differ between the two groups(P=0.46).The incidence of acute kidney injury(P=0.014)and ascites/drain-related hospital admissions(P=0.004)were significantly higher in the LVP *** overall survival was similar in the two groups(log-rank P=0.26),but the endpoint-free survival was significantly shorter in the LVP group(P=0.003,P<0.001,P=0.018 for first ascites/drain-related admission,acute kidney injury and drain

关键词： Decompensated liver cirrhosis Indwelling abdominal catheter Rocket drain Palliative care Safety Quality of life

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An electropenetrography waveform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on human hands

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia M.W.Cooper Samuel B.Jameson victoria Pickens Cameron Osborne Elaine A.Backus Kristopher Silver Dana N.Mitzel Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Department of Tropical Medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG with variable input resistors(Ri levels)to construct a waveform library for *** feeding on human *** events associated with mosquito probing were used to characterize waveforms at four Ri levels and with two electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on human hands was an Ri level of 10^(7)Ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated with probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families J(surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),L(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),M(types 1 and 2,ingestion),N(type 1,an unknown behavior which may be a resting and digestion phase),and W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variations in the waveforms not described in ***,which we named types L3,M3,M4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new tool for the automated calculation of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new pest and disease management targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG human hands mosquitoes waveform library

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Development of a chronic compression spinal cord injury model in neonatal and adult rats

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第5期 758-768页

作者： Reggie Ridlen victoria Marsters Elizabeth Clarke Kristine Mc Grath Catherine A.Gorrie School of Life Sciences University of Technology Sydney Kolling Institute of Medical Research Sydney Medical School University of Sydney

Background: Spinal cord injury presents a significant burden globally, with traumatic spinal cord injury being the predominant cause historically. However, nontraumatic spinal cord injury(NTSCI) is emerging as a significant contributor, particularly in developed nations, yet it remains poorly understood due to underreporting and misclassification. NTSCI, spanning various etiologies such as bony growths, vascular conditions,infections, neoplastic conditions, and immune disorders, poses unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment, often resulting in lifelong morbidity. This study addresses the lack of suitable animal models for NTSCI research, especially in neonatal ***: Utilizing a solid spacer approach, we developed a compression NTSCI model applicable to both neonatal and adult Sprague–Dawley ***: Through anatomical measurements and in vivo experiments, we confirmed the feasibility and safety of the spacer insertion procedure and observed no acute off-target ***: The versatility of this model lies in its adaptability to different ages of rats,offering a cost-effective and reproducible means to induce graded injuries. Moreover,behavioral assessments demonstrated observable hindlimb function, validating the model' s utility for studying functional outcomes. Although challenges persist, particularly in accounting for spinal column growth in neonatal animals, this model fills a crucial gap in pediatric NTSCI research. By providing a platform to investigate pathophysiological mechanisms and test potential treatments, it offers promising avenues for advancing our understanding and management of pediatric NTSCI.

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Application of sentiment and word frequency analysis of physician review sites to evaluate refractive surgery care

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2024年第2期4卷 78-83页

作者： victoria Vought Rita Vought Andrew S.Lee Irene Zhou Mansi Garneni Steven A.Greenstein Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Washington University School of Medicine St.LouisMOUSA Cornea and Laser Eye Institute TeaneckNJUSA

Background:Online physician reviews increase transparency in health care,helping patients make informed de-cisions about their *** processing techniques can quantify this data and allow providers to better understand patients'experiences,perspectives,and *** objective of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and understand the aspects of care that are valued by patients seeking refractive care using sentiment and word frequency ***:Written reviews and Star ratings for members of the Refractive Surgery Alliance Society practicing in the United States were collected from Healthgrades,a popular physician rating *** with at least one written review were included in the *** were scored from-1(most negative)to+1(most positive)using Valence Aware Dictionary sEntiment Reasoner(VADER).Reviews were stratified by demographic charac-teristics,namely gender,region,and years in *** frequency analysis was applied to find the most common words and ***:A total of 254 specialists and 3104 reviews were analyzed,with an average of 4.4/5 stars and mean 48 ratings *** physicians had positive reviews(96%,average VADER=0.69).Younger physicians(20 years)(P<0.001).A similar trend was observed in VADER score(0.71 vs 0.69),although not statistically significant(P=0.06).No statistical differences were observed between Stars rating and VADER score by gender(P=0.66,P=0.83)or by geographical region(P=0.74,P=0.07)."Staff"(n=1269),"professional"(n=631),"office"(n=523),"questions"(n=424),and"friendly"(n=386)were frequently used in reviews,along with phrases such as"the staff"(n=273)and"my questions"(n=174)."Surgery"(n=719),"staff"(n=576),"procedure"(n=251),"experience"(n=243),and"professional"(n=240)were the most common words in positive reviews,while"surgery"(n=147),"office"(n=86),"staff"(n=54),"time"(n=47),and"insurance"(

关键词： Patient sentiment Quality improvement Physician reviews

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Psychiatric outcomes in outpatients affected by long COVID:A link between mental health and persistence of olfactory complaint

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 507-512页

作者： victoria Metelkina-Fernandez Louise-Emilie Dumas Clair Vandersteen David Chirio Auriane Gros Arnaud Fernandez Florence Askenazy Valeria Manera Department of Psychiatry Nice University HospitalNice 06000France Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry UniversitéCôte d’AzurNice 06200France ENT Head and Neck InstituteNice 06100France Department of Infectiology Nice University HospitalNice 06200France Department of Orthophony UniversitéCôte d’AzurNice 06100France Cobtek UniversitéCôte d’AzurNice 06100France

BACKGROUND Anosmia was one of the main symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).A psychiatric history(i.e.,depression)may be an independent contributor to the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis,and COVID-19 survivors appear to have an increased risk of neuropsychiatric sequelae(bidirectional association).AIM To compare the rate of psychiatric disorder among post-COVID patients without anosmia vs patients with persistent olfactory *** We conducted a prospective case control study from March 2020 to May *** recruited at the ENT department of Nice University Hospital had a subjective olfactory complaint(visual analogue scale)for over 6 wk and a molecular or CT-proven severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 diagnosis confirmed by ***-COVID patients without persistent olfactory disorders were recruited at the university hospital infectiology *** medical histories were collected by a psychiatrist during the *** Thirty-four patients with post-COVID-19 olfactory complaints were included in the first group of the *** percent of the patients were female(n=17).The group’s mean age was 40.5±12.9 *** control group included 32 participants,of which 34.4%were female(n=11),and had a mean age of 61.2±12.2 *** rate of psychiatric disorder among post-COVID patients with olfactory complaints was significatively higher(41.7%)than among patients without(18.8%)(χ2=5.9,P=0.015).CONCLUSION The presence of a psychiatric history may constitute a potential risk factor for the development of long COVID due to persistent *** therefore seems important to establish reinforced health monitoring after a COVID 19 infection in at-risk *** prospective,translational,and collaborative studies are needed to extrapolate these results to the general population.

关键词： COVID-19 Anosmia Psychiatry Stress Neuroplasticity Psychiatric history

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Perilipin 2 inhibits replication of hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid by regulating autophagy under high-fat conditions

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第1期13卷 1-4页

作者： M victoria Delpino Jorge Quarleri Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida Universidad de Buenos AiresConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires 1121Argentina

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection poses a global health concern without a definitive cure;however,antiviral medications can effectively suppress viral *** study delves into the intricate interplay between lipid metabo-lism and HBV replication,implicating molecular mechanisms such as the stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 autophagy pathway,SAC1-like phosphatidylinositol phosphatase,and galectin-9 mediated selective autophagy of viral core proteins in regulating HBV *** lipid droplets,perilipin 2(PLIN2)emerges as a pivotal guardian,with its overexpression protecting against autophagy and downregulation stimulating triglyceride catabolism through the autophagy *** editorial discusses the correlation between hepatic steatosis and HBV replication,emphasizing the role of PLIN2 in this *** study underscores the multifaceted roles of lipid metabolism,autophagy,and perilipins in HBV replication,shedding light on potential therapeutic avenues.

关键词： Perilipin 2 Hepatitis B virus Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Liver Autophagy

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第2期14卷 214-224页

作者： Joan Anyika Otike Charles Kabubo victoria Okumu Kenya National Highways Authority Nairobi Kenya Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

The performance of bridge projects in Kenya is poor in terms of completion by schedule, cost, and quality (scope). Yet, there is less evidence of empirical research on what factors contribute to this outcome. This study aimed to bridge this gap by examining the effects of contractor-related factors on the performance of bridge construction projects in Kenya through a case study of the Bridge projects Implemented by the Kenya National Highway Agency (KeNHA). The theory of constraints (TOC) was adopted as its theoretical framework. Descriptive research was used, and the target population was 18 bridge construction projects, which were the units of analysis from 2012 to 2022. In each of these projects, 18 respondents, namely clients, consultants, contractors, engineers, environment and social guards, project managers, stakeholders, subcontractors, technical advisors, and inspectors, were included in a target population of 144 respondents. A census was conducted and a structured questionnaire was administered from which a response rate of 68% was achieved. The information was analyzed using descriptive, correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis. The contractor-related factors considered in the study were staff and management factors. The findings indicated that staff and management factors had a positive and significant outcome on performance of bridge construction projects. The study recommends continuous training and a safe learning environment for staff to improve their skills and performance in future projects. The study also recommends that a special category for bridge contractors be created in Kenya’s National Construction Authority rankings to ensure that only qualified contractors implement the Bridge projects.

关键词： Staff Factors Management Factors Performance Bridge Projects KeNHA

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A Tutorial on Federated Learning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： M.victoria Luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido Daniel Jiménez-López Jose M.Moyano Javier Del Ser Weiping Ding Francisco Herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ML)models in a distributed and decentralized *** allows ML models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data *** virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different ML approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

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Increased alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic:A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3410-3416页

作者： Rajni Rathore Shahid Bakhsh Rangrej victoria Carvalho Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Saint James School of MedicineArnos Vale VC0280Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Department of Anatomy and Research Saint James School of MedicineArnos Vale VC0280Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Medical School Basic Sciences Saint James School of MedicineArnos Vale VC0280Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has significantly impacted health,mental well-being,and societal functioning,particularly for individuals with psychiatric conditions and substance use *** evidence highlights a concerning increase in alcohol consumption during the pandemic,with a study spanning 2015-2020 indicating heightened usage,especially among young and middle-aged adults,for relaxation and tension ***,addressing challenges exacerbated by the pandemic,another study underscored persistent barriers to healthcare access,resulting in increased alcohol and tobacco use rates and limited healthcare *** findings shed light on the unique vulnerabilities exposed by the pandemic,emphasizing the need to investigate further its impact on alcohol consumption in diverse non-urban American *** To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol abuse using socioeconomic and medical parameters in diverse non-urban community in *** Based on a cross-sectional analysis of 416 participants the United States in 2021,the study utilized The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition criteria to categorize alcohol consumption *** aged 21 years and above were surveyed through an online platform due to COVID-19 *** survey was conducted from January 14 to January 31,2022,recruiting participants via social media and ensuring *** consent was secured,emphasizing the voluntary nature of participation,and participants could only take the survey *** Out of 416 survey respondents,396 met eligibility criteria,with 62.9%reporting increased alcohol consumption during ***(68.8%)and ages 21-29 years(34.6%)*** alcohol consumption decreased by 2.8%(P=0.237),moderate by 21.4%(P<0.001),and heavy increased by 14.9%(P<0.001).Alcohol abuse rose by 6.5%(P=0.0439),with a 7%increase in self-identified alcohol abuser

关键词： Alcoholism 2019 Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Mental health issue

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Damage Mechanism of CK2 and IKAROS in Philadelphia Like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 49-59页

作者： Ignacio Vélez-Rodríguez victoria Carranza-Aranda Facultad Mexicana de Medicina Universidad La Salle Tlalpan M&#233xico Hospital General de Mé xico Cuauht&#233moc M&#233xico

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is characterized by immature and poorly differentiated B lymphocytes in large numbers in the blood. B cells are distinct from the cell types involved in their development (common lymphoid progenitor cells, pro-B cells, pre-B cells, and mature cells). The process of B cell maturation depends on precise communication within the cell: signals activate specific genes that are essential for proper development. Errors in this intricate signaling network can lead to issues with B cell function and contribute to disease. B-lineage acute lymphoid leukemias, malignancies of precursor-stage B lymphoid cells inhibit lymphoid differentiation, leading to abnormal cell proliferation and survival. The process of developing leukemia (leukemogenesis) can be triggered by an overproduction of both hematopoietic stem cells (the cells that form all blood cells) and the immature versions of white blood cells called lymphoblasts. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (ALL Ph) is classified as a high-risk manifestation of the disease, this chromosome is the product of the reciprocal translocation, whose product is a BCR-ABL fusion protein. It is a highly active tyrosine kinase that can transform hematopoietic cells into cytokine-independent. Hyperphosphorylation cascades inhibit the differentiating function of IKZF1 as a tumor suppressor gene which leads to an abnormal proliferation of B cells due to the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome;it inhibits the differentiating process, leukemogenesis involving immature B cells in the bloodstream can result from the uncontrolled growth and division of hematopoietic stem cells and immature lymphoblasts (the precursors to B cells).

关键词： Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia IKAROS Dephosphorylation Philadelphia Chromosome CK2

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