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Medical management of metabolic and cardiovascular complications after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第18期26卷 2138-2154页

作者： Chiara Becchetti Melisa Dirchwolf vanessa Banz Jean-Francois Dufour Hepatology Department of Visceral Surgery and MedicineInselspitalUniversity Hospital BernBern CH-3008Switzerland Department of Biomedical Research University of BernBern CH-3008Switzerland Hepatology Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplant UnitHospital Privado de RosarioRosario S2000GAPSanta FeArgentina Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine InselspitalUniversity Hospital BernBern CH-3008Switzerland Department of Clinical Research University of BernBern CH-3008Switzerland

Liver transplantation represents the only curative option for patients with endstage liver disease,fulminant hepatitis and advanced hepatocellular *** though major advances in transplantation in the last decades have achieved excellent survival rates in the early post-transplantation period,long-term survival is hampered by the lack of improvement in survival in the late post transplantation period(over 5 years after transplantation).The main etiologies for late mortality are malignancies and cardiovascular *** latter are increasingly prevalent in liver transplant recipients due to the development or worsening of metabolic syndrome and all its components(arterial hypertension,dyslipidemia,obesity,renal injury,etc.).These comorbidities result from a combination of pre-liver transplant features,immunosuppressive agent side-effects,changes in metabolism and hemodynamics after liver transplantation and the adoption of a sedentary *** this review we describe the most prevalent metabolic and cardiovascular complications present after liver transplantation,as well as proposing management strategies.

关键词： Solid organ transplantation Hypertension New-onset diabetes after transplantation Obesity Orthotopic liver transplantation Post-transplantation metabolic syndrome

Mencius' View on Human Nature and its Contemporary Meaning

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Mencius' View on Human Nature and its Contemporary Meaning

作者： Lucy vanessa Kuchera 陕西师范大学

学位级别：硕士

孟子的人性论讨论了人类的所有行为品质,包括人们如何在一开始就正确开展各类仪式,以及在这些仪式中如何正确发挥情感。所谓人性,是指来自各方面的人类行为的集合,这些行为被各种研究人员和哲学家所考查,以便得出结论。对于这项研究,孟... 详细信息

孟子的人性论讨论了人类的所有行为品质,包括人们如何在一开始就正确开展各类仪式,以及在这些仪式中如何正确发挥情感。所谓人性,是指来自各方面的人类行为的集合,这些行为被各种研究人员和哲学家所考查,以便得出结论。对于这项研究,孟子的人性论伴随着他的全部教导。研究回顾了孟子的背景,包括他的生平,他所支持和参与的活动。我认为他是一个真正的老师,他教会人们重要的生活方式。他的生活充满挑战,例如他从小由单身母亲抚养长大,这其实是当今世界很多人都会遇到的挑战。在他的一生中,他试图探讨各种他所注意到的社会问题,而这些古代社会的问题似乎与今天的社会面临的问题类似。例如人民治理和贫困有关的问题。他强调教育的价值,他试图让社会在人性养成的过程中得到稳定。他认为教育是为了确保所有人类都能为他们的同胞开发他们天生的善良。他发现他所处的社会中有许多问题,如糟糕的治理和其他种类的剥削。这种问题触动了他,因为这些行动与理想相反。这种情况迫使他从一个邦国到另一个邦国以传播他的教导,因为他发现社会中有太多需要解决的问题和需要团结的人群,他希望使人们正直。但令人惊讶的是,由于各种原因,错误的事情仍然会困扰着社会。孟子设计了许多教导,并希望将其传递到下一代,让其他人了解人的本质,即使他遇到了很多反对的哲学观点,他也要坚持自己的结论,思考人性的起源和与之相关的价值。此外,文章还将考察孟子所理解的人们的感性活动与人性的关系,以及人们多拥有的美德对人们相互间交往的影响文章将考察当代社会的管理机构是否可能通过遵循孟子的论说以正确地进行的治理。孟子多次关注管理者的品质,所有这些内容对我们当前全世界的社会都很有意义。他认为政府的行为应始终反映管理者们的善良,并更好地实现对人性养成的引导。他的哲学讨论了天,天被描述为一个最高的权力,天与人的美德直接相关,并支持具有良好美德君主的治理,天通过选择支持那些它所认可的治理类型来向人们展示它的存在。孟子强调人要通过自我来实现人性养成。他自信地支持人性本善的学说,并通过使用“牛山”的比喻来解释他的教导。他认为外在环境会影响我们的生活,包括好的影响和坏的影响,进而改变我们的“材”,不过我们的人性是善良的。另一个例子是关于井和儿童的。这个例子是为了支持他的人性善的哲学。当一个人看到一个孩子将要掉进井里,他将毫不犹豫地实施救助,这说明为孩子提供保护是人的本性。这些教导长期以来一直被儒者们所继承,并且仍然适用于今天的社会。我们可以想象,除了这个例子以外,世界上还有很多情况下人类能够以某种方式在某种程度上互相帮助,即使我们互不相识。这是因为当前的世界是一个全球社会。人类只有互相帮助才能更好地面对外界的挑战,才能变得更加强大。本文将结合中国文化关于人性的传统理解来看看孟子的哲学是如何与传统的人性论观念相联系的。孟子提出了一组中间观念,以汇通传统关于人性的理解和他的学说。这就是四端之心。他们包括仁慈,礼仪,智慧以及正义。当这四端之心彼此相互作用时,人性完美地体现着善。如果一个人向他的伙伴施善,无论老幼,人们都会认同他。这说明人们其实都遵循并服从天的律法,比如孩子们都希望服从父母和有着良好社会行为的长辈。孟子认为教育应该从社会的最小单位,也就是家庭开始。在家庭中,孩子们可以了解更多关于他们的社会结构,以及四端之心,包括四端之心是什么意思,如何行使其付诸实践等等方面。如果四端之心得到了完全的理解,那么人类活动的各个方面的美德,包括谦卑,合作以及慈善行动都将得到实现。本文还将思考人性问题与当今世界的关系,并将讨论孟子人性论全方面的现代意义,包括孟子人性论与现代教育和实践的意义。例如,世界已经发展成为一个全球社区,尽管生活中处处充满挑战,但有总有人仍在行使他们的善良。尽管有不同的比赛,但世界上的各种体育活动都有一个目标,那就是无论人们的种族、民族、宗教信仰如何,都可以在体育活动中彼此欣赏、提高社会间的相互理解,并消除人类之间的不安全感。由于善良的天性,预计人类预计将获得相互信任。当今世界需要有一种努力,要发挥人们天生的善良本性,摧毁那些正在侵蚀着人类的外部负能量,它们毁灭了人们的善良。因此,需要以各种方式克服自我的弱点,使得世界越来越好。而在孟子的哲学中,这需要全社会的努力。我们当前的社会有很大的变化,时刻威胁着人类内在的善良本性,比如说负极能量时刻威胁着人类相互间的善意。按照孟子的教导,克服负能量的努力包括了很多方面,比如提升治理模式等,而最重要的是要了解,如果想要改变外部的环境,人们首先必须对自我进行修正,今天的世界试图通过外在法律来进行改变不美好的一面,但尚未意识到更重要的是完善人的先天的善性。孟子通过他的哲学为当今世界提供了积极的引导。

关键词：孟子论证人性

Structural stability of single-layered LaNi_4.25Al_0.75 film and its electro-chemical hydrogen-storage properties

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Rare Metals 2006年第5期25卷 543-548页

作者： WANG Zhongmin Chi Ying vanessa Li ZHOU Huaiying Sammy Lap Ip Chan SHI Liu Center of Material Science and Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New Sooth Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences China

AB5-based hydrogen storage thin fdms （LaNi4.25Al0.75）, deposited on Cu substrate by dc magnetron sputtering were investigated in this study. X-ray diffraction （XRD） revealed that the microstructure of the layer was in crystal form. SEM and AFM analyses proved that the film appeared to be rather rough with numerous randomly sized pores of approximately 15-40 in nm diameter. Structural stability of the film was examined by the combined analyses of DSC, XRD, and SEM, which indicated that this film maintained its structural stability below 500 K or so, and a network structure was observed on the film after being heated at 700 K for 30 min. Electrochemical hydrogen-storage properties of the films were investigated by simulated battery tests. It was found that single-layered LaNi4.25A10.75 film exhibited electrochemical hydrogen-storage properties similar to typical AB5 alloys in bulk, and the maximum discharge capacity of the film was about 220 mAh/g. After 20 charge/discharge cycles, small needle-shaped aluminium oxide was formed on some fractions of the film surface.

关键词： hydrogen storage thin film magnetron sputtering structural stability electrochemical properties

Spatial density estimate of the snow leopard, Panthera uncia, in the Central Tibetan Plateau, China

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第4期18卷 677-687页

作者： Xiaoxing BIAN Xuchang LIANG Byron WECKWORTH Dorje JYAL vanessa HULL Le YANG School of Natural Resources and Environment University of FloridaGainesvilleUSA Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of FloridaGainesvilleUSA Wildlife Conservation Society China BeijingChina Panthera New YorkUSA Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology LhasaChina

Knowledge of large carnivore population abundance is essential for wildlife management and conservation,but these data are often difﬁcult to obtain in inherently low-density *** particular,the snow leopard,Panthera uncia,an enigmatic cat occupying remote mountains in Central Asia,has received insufﬁcient assessments of its population abundance because of logistical and methodological ***,we aimed to develop a robust density estimation of snow leopards based on 81 days of camera trapping within a contiguous and previously un-surveyed 1950 km2 area of habitat on the Tibetan Plateau(Mayue Township,Shenzha County,Tibet Autonomous Region,China).By applying spatially explicit capture–recapture models,we produced an estimate of 1.40(95%CI:1.06–1.84)individuals per 100 *** also suggested sex-speciﬁc variation in the range of movement around activity centers,with male(N=10,σ=4.02)movement considerably greater than female(N=8,σ=1.84)***ﬁndings can serve as a reliable baseline reference for assessing the population trends of this endangered felid species with future *** study will provide context to contribute toward a better understanding of ecological factors shaping the distribution and abundance of snow leopards and the related conservation measures needed to sustain their long-term survival on the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： population density snow leopard spatial capture–recapture Tibetan Plateau

A Self‑Powered Piezoelectric Nanofibrous Membrane as Wearable Tactile Sensor for Human Body Motion Monitoring and Recognition

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第4期5卷 1417-1430页

作者： Jingcheng Li Jing Yin Mei Gui vanessa Wee Amutha Chinnappan Seeram Ramakrishna Centre for Nanotechnology and Sustainability Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117081Singapore National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk College of Textile and Clothing EngineeringSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore

Wearable sensors have drawn vast interest for their convenience to be worn on body to monitor and track body movements or exercise activities in real ***,wearable electronics rely on powering systems to ***,a self-powered,porous,flexible,hydrophobic and breathable nanofibrous membrane based on electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)nanofiber has been developed as a tactile sensor with low-cost and simple fabrication for human body motion detection and ***,effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNT)and barium titanate(BTO)as additives to the fiber morphology as well as mechanical and dielectric properties of the piezoelectric nanofiber membrane were *** fabricated BTO@PVDF piezoelectric nanogenerator(PENG)exhibits the highβ-phase content and best overall electrical performances,thus selected for the flexible sensing device ***,the nanofibrous membrane demonstrated robust tactile sensing performance that the device exhibits durability over 12,000 loading test cycles,holds a fast response time of 82.7 ms,responds to a wide pressure range of 0-5 bar and shows a high relative sensitivity,especially in the small force range of 11.6 V/bar upon pressure applied perpendicular to the ***,when attached on human body,its unique fibrous and flexible structure offers the tactile sensor to present as a health care monitor in a self-powered manner by translating motions of different movements to electrical signals with various patterns or sequences.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofiber Piezoelectric sensor PENG Wearable Self-powered device

Transition to school for children with autism spectrum disorder:A systematic review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第3期7卷 184-196页

作者： Annabel Marsh vanessa Spagnol Rachel Grove Valsamma Eapen School of Psychiatry University of New South Wales Academic Unit of Child Psychiatry South West Sydney Local Health DistrictLiverpool Hospital Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC)

AIM To identify factors that promote a positive start to school for children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).METHODS Web of Science,MEDLINE,Scopus,and Psych INFO searches were conducted to identify literature published after 1991 and relevant to school transition processes in children with *** studies were deemed eligible for *** studies evaluated a range of factors including school readiness,parent and teacher perspectives on transition practices,characteristics of children with ASD that are associated with successful transition to school and the impact of school based intervention *** A review of these studies showed that children with ASD are less school ready emotionally than their peers and those children with ASD appear to have more externalising behaviours and self-regulation difficulties that affect their school engagement and their relationships with their *** was a paucity of research looking at interventions targeting school ***,school-based behavioural interventions appear to improve cognitive,language and daily living skills,but have less impact on socialisation and peer *** Children with ASD face more challenges transitioning to school,particularly with social *** development and implementation of specific schoolbased interventions is needed in order to assist children with autism to maximise their success in starting school.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder School transition School readiness School preparation School based intervention

Immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance in soft tissue sarcoma

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第2期5卷 328-338页

作者： vanessa Eulo Brian A.Van Tine Division of Medical Oncology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL35233USA. Division of Medical Oncology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO63110USA. Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO63110USA. Siteman Cancer Center St.LouisMO 63110USA.

The emergence of immunotherapy as a cancer therapy has dramatically changed the treatment paradigm of systemic cancer *** have been several trials evaluating immune checkpoint blockade(ICI)in soft tissue *** there is generally a limited response in sarcoma,a subset of patients has durable responses to *** is attributable to a variety of factors including histologic subtype,tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes,and the tumor microenvironment among *** is ongoing translational and clinical research evaluating ICI resistance in sarcoma and identifying therapeutic strategies to overcome this ***,we provide a review of the current data,proposed mechanisms of resistance,and potential approaches to overcome this resistance.

关键词： Sarcoma soft tissue sarcoma checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy resistance

Evolution of interventional endoscopic ultrasound

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Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 131-139页

作者： Mark J.Radlinski Daniel S.Strand vanessa M.Shami Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)has become an indispensable modality for the assessment of the gastrointestinal tract and adjacent structures since its origin in the *** the development of the linear echoendoscope,EUS has evolved from a purely diagnostic modality to a sophisticated tool for intervention,with numerous luminal,pancreaticobiliary,and hepatic ***,these applications may be subdivided into three categories:transluminal drainage or access procedures,injection therapy,and EUS-guided liver *** drainage or access procedures include management of pancreatic fluid collection,EUS-guided biliary drainage,EUS-guided bile duct drainage,EUS-guided pancreatic duct drainage,and enteral anastomosis *** therapies include therapeutic EUS-guided injections for management of malignancies accessible by ***-guided liver applications include EUS-guided liver biopsy,EUS-guided portal pressure gradient measurement,and EUS-guided vascular *** this review,we discuss the origins of each of these EUS applications,evolution of techniques leading to the current status,and future directions of EUS-guided interventional therapy.

关键词： endoscopic ultrasound interventional endoscopic ultrasound biliary drainage gastrojejunostomy pancreatic pseudocyst drainage

Ion Channels in Plant Bioenergetic Organelles, Chloroplasts and Mitochondria： From Molecular Identification to Function

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Molecular Plant 2016年第3期9卷 371-395页

作者： Luca Carraretto Enrico Teardo vanessa Checchetto Giovanni Finazzi Nobuyuki Uozumi Ildiko Szabo Department of Biology University of Padova Padova 35121 Italy CNR Institute of Neuroscience University of Padova Padova 35121 Italy UMR 5168 Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Vegetale (LPCV) CNRS/UJF / INRA / CEA Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant (iRTSV) CEA Grenoble 38054 Grenoble France Department of Siomolecular Engineering Graduate Schoo~ of Engineering Tohoku University Aobayama 6-6-07 Sendai 980-8579 Japan

Recent technical advances in electrophysiological measurements, organelle-targeted fluorescence imaging, and organelle proteomics have pushed the research of ion transport a step forward in the case of the plant bioenergetic organelles, chloroplasts and mitochondria, leading to the molecular identification and functional characterization of several ion transport systems in recent years. Here we focus on channels that mediate relatively high-rate ion and water flux and summarize the current knowledge in this field, focusing on targeting mechanisms, proteomics, electrophysiology, and physiological function. In addition, since chloroplasts evolved from a cyanobacterial ancestor, we give an overview of the information available about cyanobacterial ion channels and discuss the evolutionary origin of chloroplast channels. The recent molecular identification of some of these ion channels allowed their physiological functions to be studied using genetically modified Arabidopsis plants and cyanobacteria. The view is emerging that alteration of chloroplast and mitochondrial ion homeostasis leads to organelle dysfunction, which in turn significantly affects the energy metabolism of the whole organism. Clear-cut identification of genes encoding for chan- nels in these organelles, however, remains a major challenge in this rapidly developing field. Multiple stra- tegies including bioinformatics, cell biology, electrophysiology, use of organelle-targeted ion-sensitive probes, genetics, and identification of signals eliciting specific ion fluxes across organelle membranes should provide a better understanding of the physiological role of organellar channels and their contribution to signaling pathways in plants in the future.

关键词： ion channels chloroplasts mitochondria cyanobacteria endosymbiosis plant physiology