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Neurotrophic factor-based pharmacological approaches in neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1220-1228页

作者： Margherita Alfonsetti Michele d’Angelo vanessa Castelli department of Life Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly

Aging is a physiological event dependent on multiple pathways that are linked to lifespan and processes leading to cognitive *** process represents the major risk factor for aging-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and ischemic *** incidence of all these pathologies increases exponentially with *** on aging biology has currently focused on elucidating molecular mechanisms leading to the development of those *** deficit and neurodegeneration,common features of aging-related pathologies,are related to the alteration of the activity and levels of neurotrophic factors,such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor,nerve growth factor,and glial cell-derived neurotrophic *** this reason,treatments that modulate neurotrophin levels have acquired a great deal of interest in preventing neurodegeneration and promoting neural regeneration in several neurological *** treatments include both the direct administration of neurotrophic factors and the induced expression with viral vectors,neurotrophins’binding with biomaterials or other molecules to increase their bioavailability but also cell-based *** neurotrophins’crucial role in aging pathologies,here we discuss the involvement of several neurotrophic factors in the most common brain aging-related diseases and the most recent therapeutic approaches that provide direct and sustained neurotrophic support.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain brain-derived neurotrophic factor glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor nerve growth factor neurotrophins neurturin Parkinson’s disease stroke tropomyosin receptor kinase receptors

Therapeutic advances in neural regeneration for Huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1991-1997页

作者： Francesco d’Egidio vanessa Castelli Giorgia Lombardozzi Fabrizio Ammannito Annamaria Cimini Michele d’Angelo department of Life Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly

Huntington’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the expansion mutation of a cytosine-adenine-guanine triplet in the exon 1 of the HTT gene which is responsible for the production of the huntingtin (Htt) protein. In physiological conditions, Htt is involved in many cellular processes such as cell signaling, transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism regulation, dNA maintenance, axonal trafficking, and antiapoptotic activity. When the genetic alteration is present, the production of a mutant version of Htt (mHtt) occurs, which is characterized by a plethora of pathogenic activities that, finally, lead to cell death. Among all the cells in which mHtt exerts its dangerous activity, the GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons seem to be the most affected by the mHtt-induced excitotoxicity both in the cortex and in the striatum. However, as the neurodegeneration proceeds ahead the neuronal loss grows also in other brain areas such as the cerebellum, hypothalamus, thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra, determining the variety of symptoms that characterize Huntington’s disease. From a clinical point of view, Huntington’s disease is characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms spanning from motor impairment to cognitive disorders and dementia. Huntington’s disease shows a prevalence of around 3.92 cases every 100,000 worldwide and an incidence of 0.48 new cases every 100,000/year. To date, there is no available cure for Huntington’s disease. Several treatments have been developed so far, aiming to reduce the severity of one or more symptoms to slow down the inexorable decline caused by the disease. In this context, the search for reliable strategies to target the different aspects of Huntington’s disease become of the utmost interest. In recent years, a variety of studies demonstrated the detrimental role of neuronal loss in Huntington’s disease condition highlighting how the replacement of lost cells would be a reasonable strategy to o

关键词： cell therapy exosomes extracellular vesicles Huntingtin Huntington’s disease medium spiny neurons neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis neuronal loss stem cells

The emerging role of probiotics in neurodegenerative diseases:new hope for Parkinson’s disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第4期16卷 628-634页

作者： vanessa Castelli Michele d’Angelo Massimiliano Quintiliani Elisabetta Benedetti Maria Grazia Cifone Annamaria Cimini department of Life Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L’AquilaItaly SIRE Srl NaplesItaly Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine Department of BiologyTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Neurodegenerative disease etiology is still unclear,but different contributing factors,such as lifestyle and genetic factors are *** components of the gut could play a key role in the gut-brain axis,which is a bidirectional system between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous *** in the composition of the gut microbiota and its function between healthy people and patients have been reported for a variety of human disorders comprising metabolic,autoimmune,cancer,and,notably,neurodegenerative *** can alter the microbiota composition,affecting the gutbrain axis *** nutraceutical interventions have been devoted to normalizing gut microbiome dysbiosis and to improving biological outcomes in neurological conditions,including the use of *** and clinical investigations discussed in this review strengthen the correlation between intestinal microbiota and brain and the concept that modifying the microbiome composition may improve brain neurochemistry,modulating different *** review will discuss the potential use of probiotics for Parkinson’s disease prevention or treatment or as adjuvant therapy,confirming that gut microbiota modulation influences different pro-survival *** investigations in Parkinson’s disease should consider the role of the gut-brain axis and additional comprehension of the underlying mechanisms is extremely necessary.

关键词： age-related diseases brain dysbiosis gut-brain axis microbiota neurodegeneration nutraceuticals Parkinson’s disease probiotics SLAB51

Ion dynamics in Concentrated Electrolyte Solutions:Relating Equilibrium Fluctuations of the Ions to Transport Properties in Battery Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 131-138页

作者： Bernhard Roling vanessa Miß Janosch Kettner department of Chemistry University of MarburgHans-Meerwein-Str.435032 MarburgGermany

In recent years,the interest in the development of highly concentrated electrolyte solutions for battery applications has increased *** electrolyte solutions are typically characterized by a low flammability,a high thermal and electrochemical stability and by the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)in contact to electrode ***,the classification of concentrated electrolyte solutions in terms of the classical scheme"strong"or"weak"has been controversially discussed in the *** this paper,a comprehensive theoretical framework is presented for a more general classification,which is based on a comparison of charge transport and mass *** combining the Onsager transport formalism with linear response theory,center-of-mass fluctuations and collective translational dipole fluctuations of the ions in equilibrium are related to transport properties in a lithium-ion battery cell,namely mass transport,charge transport and Li^(+)transport under anion-blocking *** relevance of the classification approach is substantiated by showing that i)it is straightforward to classify highly concentrated electrolytes and that ii)both fast charge transport and fast mass transport are indispensable for achieving fast Li^(+)transport under anion-blocking conditions.

关键词： batteries concentrated electrolytes linear response theory Onsager formalism transport

Effect of viscosity on the avalanche dynamics and flow transition of wet granular matter

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Particuology 2021年第6期19卷 64-75页

作者： Jens H.Kasper vanessa Magnanimo Sjoerd d.M.de Jong Arjan Beek Ahmed Jarray Multi-Scale Mechanics(MSM) Thermal and Fluid EngineeringFaculty of Engineering Technology.University ofTwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands Construction Management and Engineering(CME) Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity ofTwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands

The dynamic behaviour of granular flows is important in geo-mechanics and industrial applications,yet poorly *** studied the effects of liquid viscosity and particle size on the dynamics of wet granular material flowing in a slowly rotating drum,in order to detect the transition from the avalanching to the continuous flow regime.A discrete element method(dEM)model,in which contact forces and cohesive forces were considered,was employed to simulate this flow *** model was validated experimentally,using glass beads in a wooden drum and water–glycerol mixtures to tune the liquid *** dEM simulations showed comparable results to the experiments in terms of average slope angle and avalanche *** observed that the avalanche amplitude,flow layer velocity and granular temperature decrease as the liquid viscosity *** effect is more pronounced for smaller sized *** increase in viscous forces causes the flowing particles to behave as a bulk,pushing the free surface towards a convex *** addition,avalanches become less pronounced and the granular flow transitions from the avalanching regime to the continuous *** avalanching flow regime is marked by intermittent rigid body movement of the particulate bed and near-zero drops in the granular temperature,while no rigid body movement of the bed occurs in the continuous flow *** identified the avalanching-continuous flow transition region as a function of a dimensionless granular Galileo number.

关键词： Granular avalanche Transition Cohesion Viscosity Rotary drum dEM

Resin infiltration of deproteinised natural occlusal subsurface lesions improves initial quality of fissure sealing

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第2期9卷 117-124页

作者： Andrej M Kielbassa Ina Ulrich Rita Schmidl Christoph Schuller Wilhelm Frank vanessa d Werth Centre for Operative dentistry Periodontology and Endodontology University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Danube Private University (DPU) Krems Austria department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology UFT-Campus Tulln University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna Austria Centre for Preclinical Education Department of Biostatistics University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Danube Private University (DPU) Krems Austria

The aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the infiltration capability and rate of microleakage of a low-viscous resin infiltrant combined with a flowable composite resin(RI/CR) when used with deproteinised and etched occlusal subsurface lesions(International Caries detection and Assessment System code 2). This combined treatment procedure was compared with the exclusive use of flowable composite resin(CR) for fissure sealing. Twenty premolars and 20 molars revealing non-cavitated occlusal carious lesions were randomly divided into two groups and were meticulously cleaned and deproteinised using Na OCl(2%). After etching with HCl(15%), 10 premolar and 10 molar lesions were infiltrated(Icon/dMG; rhodamine B isothiocyanate(RITC)-labelled) followed by fissure sealing(G-?nial Flo/GC; experimental group, RI/CR). In the control group(CR), the carious fissures were only sealed. Specimens were cut perpendicular to the occlusal surface and through the area of the highest demineralisation(dIAGNOdent pen, Ka Vo). Using confocal laser-scanning microscopy, the specimens were assessed with regard to the percentage of caries infiltration, marginal adaption and internal integrity. Within the CR group, the carious lesions were not infiltrated. Both premolar(57.9% ± 23.1%) and molar lesions(35.3% ± 22.1%) of the RI/CR group were uniformly infiltrated to a substantial extent, albeit with significant differences(P = 0.034). Moreover, microleakage(n = 1) and the occurrence of voids(n = 2) were reduced in the RI/CR group compared with the CR group(5 and 17 specimens,respectively). The RI/CR approach increases the initial quality of fissure sealing and is recommended for the clinical control of occlusal caries.

关键词： aprismatic enamel fissure sealing occlusal caries resin infiltration sodium hypochlorite

SUSTAINABLE IMPACT OF BUILdING ENERGY RETROFIT MEASURES

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Journal of Green Building 2017年第3期12卷 69-84页

作者： Amirhosein Jafari vanessa Valentin department of Civil Engineering University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

Energy retrofitting is argued to be the most feasible and cost-effective method for improving existing buildings’energy *** a sustainable development,build-ing energy retrofits require the consideration and integration of all three sustainability dimensions:environmental,economic and *** objective of this study is to estimate and compare the sustainable impact of building energy retrofits to determine the maximum sustainable benefit when implementing different energy-related *** proposed analysis consists of integrating three approaches for evaluating these *** benefits are measured by estimating the payback period of energy-related measures,environmental benefits are measured by estimating the CO_(2) equivalent saving per year due to the implementation of energy-related measures,and social benefits are measured by defining a“social impact index”that establishes the impact of energy-related measures on buildings’users.A case study is used to demonstrate the framework for four potential *** results show that for the case study,energy-related“controlling”and“upgrading mechanical system”measures have the highest sustainable impact among the identified energy retrofitting measures.

关键词： sustainable impact energy improvement energy measure building retrofits

Mixed-method study on medicinal herb collection in relation to wildlife conservation:the case of giant pandas in China

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第6期14卷 604-612页

作者： Yichao ZENG Jindong ZHANG vanessa HULL department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation China West Normal UniversityMinistry of EducationNanchongChina

Medicinal herb collection has historical and cultural roots in many rural communities in developing *** where herb collection occurs may overlap with biodiversity hotspots and crucial habitat of endangered and threatened ***,impacts of such practices on wildlife are unknown and possibly underestimated,perhaps due to the elusive nature of such *** examined this phenomenon in Wolong Nature Reserve,China,a protected area in the South-Central China biodiversity hotspot that also supports a community of Tibetan,Qiang and Han people who use herb collection as a supplementary source of *** adopted a participatory approach in which we engaged local people in outlining spatial and temporal dynamics of medicinal herb collection *** found that the overall spatial extent of herb collection increased in the past two *** then overlaid herb collection maps with localities of giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)feces collected over two time points in the *** a Bayesian parameter estimation,we found evidence for declined giant panda occurrence in the areas most recently impacted by emerging medicinal herb *** methodology demonstrates the potential power of integrating participatory approaches with quantitative methods for processes like herb collection that may be difficult to examine *** discuss future directions for improving explanatory power and addressing uncertainty in this type of mixed-method,interdisciplinary re*** work has implications for future attempts to understand whether and how prevalent but subtle human activities may affect wildlife conservation.

关键词： Bayesian parameter estimation medicinal herb collection participatory mapping wildlife conservation

Telemetry research on elusive wildlife: A synthesis of studies on giant pandas

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第4期11卷 295-307页

作者： Thomas CONNOR vanessa HULL Jianguo LIU Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability Michigan State UniversityEast LansingUSA

Telemetry studies that track animals through space and time can lead to advances in scientific understanding that are vital in conservation *** example,telemetry studies of the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)have shed light on many aspects of panda biology,but small sample sizes in each separate study make it difficult to draw broad *** overcome this problem we conducted the first synthesis of all 5 panda telemetry studies conducted to *** these data we investigated patterns in 6 main topics:home range,space-use interactions,core areas,movement patterns,seasonal migration and natal *** found that panda home range sizes do not vary between 2 main mountain ranges(Qionglai and Qinling),as was previously *** results also suggest that female pandas increase their movement in the mating season:a behavior typically attributed only to *** found and summarized telemetry and genetic evidence for female natal dispersal in the giant *** synthesis highlights the need for additional research relating panda behavior to human disturbance factors,and can aid future studies on giant pandas as well as other species.

关键词： giant panda home range natal dispersal synthesis wildlife telemetry