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Fluoride contamination in groundwater:A global review of the status,processes,challenges,and remedial measures

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 1-29页

作者： E.Shaji K.v.Sarath M.Santosh P.K.Krishnaprasad B.K.Arya Manisha S.babu Department of Geology University of KeralaKariavattom CampusThiruvananthapuramKerala 695581India School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Department of Earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Department of Geology Central University of KeralaTejaswini HillsPeriyeKasaragodKerala 671316India

Groundwater pollution by fluoride is one of the prime concerns of the world population due to its toxicity,which results in adverse health *** this paper,we review the current scenario of the fluoride contamination of groundwater in various countries across the globe and its impact on human *** the last decade,several newly affected regions have been reported all over the world,with more than 100 countries affected by fluoride contamination in groundwater(concentration exceeding the acceptable limit of 1.5 mg/L defined by the World Health Organization).Fluoride poisoning is mainly due to the unsupervised ingestion of products for dental and oral hygiene and over-fluoridated drinking *** is estimated that more than 200 million people from different countries are affected by fluoriderelated groundwater issues and health *** highest among these are from the countries in Africa(38),Asia(28),and Europe(24),followed by countries like South America(5),North America(3),and Australia(2).The source of fluoride in drinking water is primarily geogenic,together with forage,grasses and grains,tea,and anthropogenic *** countries affected were correlated with climatic zones and geological factors to gain insights into geospatial *** analyses show that most of the fluoride pollution-prone zones are located in high-grade metamorphic terranes with granitoid or alkaline intrusions,geothermal hot springs,and volcanic regions with arid or semi-arid climatic *** study also finds that children across the globe are more vulnerable than adults to fluoride *** review finds that,although there are efficient fluoride removal techniques,including filters with next-generation nanomaterials,to date,there has not been a single technique developed that can claim to be a practically robust solution for fluoride removal from drinking ***,we suggest developing next-generation filters that can retain essential miner

关键词： Fluoride Groundwater Water contamination WHO standards Climate zones Remediation Sustainable Development Goals

The role of deformations and orientations in an alpha ternary fission of Thorium

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第6期33卷 1-8页

作者： A.v.Mahesh babu N.Sowmya H.C.Manjunatha N.Dhananjaya Department of Physics BMSIT&MAffiliated to VTUBangaloreKarnataka 560064India Department of Physics Government College for WomenKolarKarnataka 563101India

The alpha ternary fission half-lives of thorium isotopes have been studied using the Coulomb and proximity potential *** role of the deformation effects and the angle of orientation were included during the evaluation of the total *** combinations were identified using cold valley plots of the driving *** half-lives and yields were evaluated using the penetration *** dependence of the logarithmic half-lives on different angles of orientation was *** evaluated alpha ternary fission yield was compared with that of the available experiments with and without *** half-lives obtained in the present work were compared with those of the available *** alpha ternary fission fragments were identified in the isotopes of *** alpha ternary fission half-lives were compared to the binary fission *** binary fission half-lives are dominant in the ^(209-225)Th nuclei,and the ternary fission half-lives are dominant in the isotopes of the ^(226-238)Th nuclei.

关键词： Alpha ternary fission Yield Half-lives Driving potential

Design of Clustering Techniques in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 441-456页

作者： R.Ganesh babu D.Hemanand v.Amudha S.Sugumaran Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRM TRP Engineering College621105Tamil NaduIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sriram Engineering College602024Tamil NaduIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering602105Tamil NaduIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vishnu Institute of TechnologyBhimavaram534202Andhra PradeshIndia

In recent decades,several optimization algorithms have been developed for selecting the most energy efficient clusters in order to save power during trans-mission to a shorter distance while restricting the Primary Users(PUs)*** Cognitive Radio(CR)system is based on the Adaptive Swarm Distributed Intelligent based Clustering algorithm(ASDIC)that shows better spectrum sensing among group of multiusers in terms of sensing error,power sav-ing,and convergence *** this research paper,the proposed ASDIC algorithm develops better energy efficient distributed cluster based sensing with the optimal number of clusters on their *** this research,multiple random Sec-ondary Users(SUs),and PUs are considered for ***,the pro-posed ASDIC algorithm improved the convergence speed by combining the multi-users clustered communication compared to the existing optimization *** results showed that the proposed ASDIC algorithm reduced the node power of 9.646%compared to the existing ***,ASDIC algorithm reduced 24.23%of SUs average node power compared to the existing *** of detection is higher by reducing the Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)to 2 dB *** proposed ASDIC delivers low false alarm rate compared to other existing optimization algorithms in the primary *** results showed that the proposed ASDIC algorithm effectively solves the multimodal optimization problems and maximizes the performance of net-work capacity.

关键词： Adaptive swarm distributed clustering cognitive radio clustering algorithm distributed swarm intelligent energy efficient distributed cluster-based sensing multi modal optimization

A versatile approach for temporary storage and shipping of in vitro cultured cells,cell sheets and tissue engineered constructs-a preliminary report

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Engineered Regeneration 2022年第3期3卷 283-291页

作者： Anju MS Athira RK Ramesh babu v Anil Kumar PR Naresh Kasoju Division of Tissue Culture Department of Applied BiologyBiomedical Technology WingSree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Science and TechnologyThiruvananthapuram 695012KeralaIndia Division of Precision Fabrication Department of Medical Devices EngineeringBiomedical Technology WingSree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Science and TechnologyThiruvananthapuram 695012KeralaIndia

Temporary storage/shipping of cell/tissue engineering products from bench to bedside is a key aspect of re-generative *** current proof-of-concept study presents a multipurpose device for temporary storage/shipping of cell culture dishes containing cell/tissue *** device,made with readily available raw ma-terials,contains three elements viz.a specialized lid,polymeric plates having grooves and a set of nuts and *** part of the performance evaluation,the device was first subjected to a simulated storage/shipping process,wherein the leak-proof and aseptic containment of the contents was ***,the setup was used for temporary storage/shipping of dishes having(a)L929 cell monolayers cultured on treated surfaces,(b)SIRC,HaCaT and A549 cell sheets cultured on thermo-responsive surfaces,(c)HOS-cell encapsulated agar gels and(d)HOS-cell seeded silk fibroin *** results showed that the health of cell monolayers/cell sheets/tissue constructs after the process was comparable to that before the *** device was scalable,simple to handle,can be made for a single or multi-use purpose,and can be resizable to load other culture *** design of the storage/shipping device described in this report thus offers versatile features and applications.

关键词： Tissue engineering Scaffolds Tissue equivalents Translational medicine

Recent progress on MOF/MXene nanoarchitectures:A new era in coordination chemistry for energy storage and conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第11期86卷 409-436,I0009页

作者： Sada venkateswarlu Sowjanya vallem Muhammad Umer N.v.v.Jyothi Anam Giridhar babu Saravanan Govindaraju Younghu Son Myung Jong Kim Minyoung Yoon Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Gachon UniversitySeongnam 1320Republic of Korea Department of Physics Gachon UniversitySeongnam 13120Republic of Korea Center for Superfunctional Materials Department of ChemistryUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Sri Venkateswara UniversityTirupati 517502Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Civil Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan 38541GyeongbukRepublic of Korea Department of Bionanotechnology Gachon UniversitySeongnam 13120Republic of Korea

The development of urbanization and industrialization leads to rapid depletion of fossil ***,the production of fuel from renewable resources is highly *** energy conversion and storage is a benign technique with reliable output and is *** an exceptional electrochemical catalyst with tunable properties like a huge specific surface area,porous channels,and abundant active sites is critical ***,Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and two-dimensional(2D)transition-metal carbides/nitrides(MXenes)have been extensively investigated in the field of electrochemical energy conversion and ***,advances in the research on MOFs are hampered by their limited structural stability and conventionally low electrical conductivity,whereas the practical electrochemical performance of MXenes is impeded by their low porosity,inadequate redox sites,and ***,researchers have been designing MOF/MXene nanoarchitectures to overcome the limitations in electrochemical energy conversion and *** review explores the recent advances in MOF/MXene nanoarchitectures design strategies,tailoring their properties based on the morphologies(0D,1D,2D,and 3D),and broadening their future opportunities in electrochemical energy storage(batteries,supercapacitors)and catalytic energy conversion(HER,OER,and ORR).The intercalation of MOF in between the MXene layers in the nanoarchitectures functions synergistically to address the issues associated with bare MXene and MOF in the electrochemical energy storage and *** review gives a clear emphasis on the general aspects of MOF/MXene nanoarchitectures,and the future research perspectives,challenges of MOF/MXene design strategies and electrochemical applications are highlighted.

关键词： Metal-organicframework MXene MoF/MXene nanoarchitecture Battery Supercapacitor Electrochemical catalysis

Weibull Probability Model for Fracture Strength of Aluminium (1101)-Alumina Particle Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第3期25卷 341-343页

作者： A. Suresh babu v. Jayabalan Department of Manufacturing Engineering Anna University

In recent times, conventional materials are replaced by metal matrix composites （MMCs） due to their high specific strength and modulus. Strength reliability, one of the key factors restricting wider use of composite materials in various applications, is commonly characterized by Weibull strength distribution function. In the present work, statistical analysis of the strength data of 15% volume alumina particle （mean size 15 um） reinforced in aluminum alloy （1101 grade alloy） fabricated by stir casting method was carried out using Weibull probability model. Twelve tension tests were performed according to ASTM B577 standards and the test data, the corresponding Weibull distribution was obtained. Finally the reliability of the composite behavior in terms of its fracture strength was presented to ensure the reliability of composites for suitable applications. An important implication of the present study is that the Weibull distribution describes the experimentally measured strength data more appropriately.

关键词： Weibull distribution Fracture strength Metal matrix composite

Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第1期41卷 364-375页

作者： Shihong XU Yanfeng WANG Caixia GAO Sarath babu v Jun LI Qinghua LIU Zhizhong XIAO Yingxuan XU Chunyan ZHAO Li LIN Liang CHI Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine College of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of veterinary Medicine Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine Team State Key Laboratory of Veterinary BiotechnologyHarbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Harbin 150069China CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl BreedingZhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225China University College London London WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom School of Marine Science and Engineering Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China

Dissolved oxygen(DO)is one of most important factors which affect wide range physiologic features of including immune responses and intestinal bacterial ***,the underlying mechanisms remain *** address this question,the intestinal bacterial community compositions and the immune features of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)grown in recirculating aquaculture systems(RAS)were *** were reared under different DO saturation levels,e.g.,200% saturation named high group(H),100%saturation named control group(CK),and 60%saturation named lower group(L).Large variations in the operational taxonomic units(OTUs)frequency distribution for the intestinal bacterial community of Atlantic salmon were *** intestinal bacterial community of all groups was dominated mainly by three phyla,e.g.,***,and ***,Acinetobacter baumannii,an opportunistic pathogen of salmon was increased significantly in L *** further monitored the immunity features of fish under different DO *** results show that leucocyte number,cortisol level,the expressions of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like protein 2(NOD2)were higher at significant levels in the L group than those in the other two ***4 and NOD2 are usually related with the bacterial infections;therefore,it is reasonable to believe that the stronger immune responses observed in the L group might be related with the higher abundance of *** in the inte stine of Atlantic ***,these findings demonstrated that low DO level may induce stronger immunity responses in Atlantic salmon.

关键词： Atlantic salmon dissolved oxygen(DO) immune responses microbiota intestine

Elastic and Optoelectronic Properties of KCdF3:ab initio Calculations through LDA/GGA/TB-mBJ within FP-LAPW Method

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Chinese Physics Letters 2015年第1期32卷 108-112页

作者： K. Ephraim babu N. Murali K. vijaya babu B. Kishore babu v. veeraiah Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science Laboratory Department of Physics Andhra University Visakhapatnam 530003 Andhra Pradesh India Department of Engineering Chemistry A UCE(A) Andhra University Visakhapatnam 530003 Andhra Pradesh India

Ab initio calculations are performed on the electronic, structural, elastic and optical properties of the cubic per- ovskite KCdF3. Tile Kohn Sham equations are solved by applying the full potential linearized augmented plane wave （FP-LAPW） method. The exchange correlation effects are included through the local density approximation （LDA ）, generalized gradient approximation （GGA） and modified Becke-Johnson （mBJ） exchange potential The calculated lattice constant is in good agreement with the experimental result. The elastic properties such as elastic constants, anisotropy factor, shear modulus, Young＇s modulus and Poisson＇s ratio are calculated. KCdF3 is ductile and elastically anisotropic. The calculations of the electronic band structure, density of states （DOS） and charge density show that this compound has an indirect energy band gap （M-F） with a mixed ionic and covalent bonding. The contribution of the different bands is analyzed from the total and partial density of states curves. Optical response of the dielectric functions, optical reflectivity, absorption coefficient, real part of optical conductivity, refractive index, extinction coefficient and electron energy loss, are presented for the energy range of O-40ev. The compound KCdF3 can be used for high-frequency optical and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： GGA Cd Elastic and Optoelectronic Properties of KCdF3:ab initio Calculations through LDA/GGA/TB-mBJ within FP-LAPW Method LDA FP

Effect of Phase Shifted Frequency Modulation on Two Level Atom-Field Interaction

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第3期57卷 468-472页

作者： K.v.Priyesh Ramesh babu Thayyullathil Department of Physics Cochin University of Science and Technology

We have studied the effect of phase shifted frequency modulation on two level atom with field interaction using Jaynes-Cummings *** the frequency of the interacting field is sinusoidally varying with time with a constant *** to the presence of phase in the frequency modulation,the variation of population inversion with time is different from the standard *** are no exact collapses and revivals in the variation of population inversion but it oscillates sinusoidally with *** coherent field atom interaction the population inversion behaves as in the case of Fock state atom interaction,when frequency modulation with a non zero phase is *** study done with squeezed field has shown the same behavior of the population inversion.

关键词：原子相互作用 Jaynes-Cummings模型二能级粒子数反转子场调频相移频率调制