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Laboratory ev.luation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and larv.l stages of cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： BUSNOOR Abhishek v. WADASKAR R.M. FAND Babasaheb B. TAMBE v.j. PILLAI T. MAHULE D.j. NAGRARE v.S. PRASAD Y.G. Entomology Section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Cotton Research Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

Background The cryptic nature of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)larv.e enables its reduced v.l-nerability to insecticidal ***,the dev.lopment of resistance against Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)toxins posed a serious threat to transgenic cotton *** necessitated determining the critical timing of spray applications on the control *** study assessed the influence of egg age(freshly laid ***-day-old)and the loca-tion of larv.e(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the boll rind *** inside the bolls)on insecticide control *** The results rev.aled a significant decrease in the ov.cidal activ.ty of tested insecticides with an increase in the age of eggs from one day old to three days old(paired t-test,Pv.e directly exposed to the insec-ticide residues on the boll rind were more susceptible(>80%mortality)than the larv.e exposed after they had bur-rowed inside the bolls(v.lopmental biology were more pronounced in the experiment on pre-larv.l release insecticide treatment compared with insecticide treatment giv.n post-larv.l release and entry inside the *** Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the larv.l location,directly exposed v. bur-rowed inside the *** eggs and the larv.e that had burrowed inside the green bolls of cotton were relativ.ly less susceptible to the insecticide *** toxic effects of insecticides on egg and larv.l stages were primar-ily *** findings are significant for dev.sing a comprehensiv. strategy for pink bollworm management on a sustainable basis.

关键词： Bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella Timings of spray

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Thermoluminescence characterization of natural and synthetic irradiated Ce-monazites

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 643-650页

作者： v.Correcher C.Boronat j.Garcia-Guinea j.F.Benav.nte T.Riv.ra-Montalv. CIEMAT Av.Complutense 4028040MadridSpain MNCN-CSIC J.Gutierrez Abascal 228006MadridSpain Instituto Politécnico Nacional CICATA-IPNAv.Legaria 694Mexico City11500Mexico

The thermoluminescence(TL)emission of synthetic and natural Ce-monazites was characterized here to determine the potential application in the identification of microscopic defects from a qualitativ. point of v.ew trying to link each TL peak to a chemical-physical *** kinetic parameters that lead the luminescence processes were calculated by means of v.riable heating rate and computing glow curv. deconv.lution methods and allow identifying three groups of components at~90,130 and 290℃(for the mineral sample)and~90,170,220,270 and 320℃(for the synthetic CePO_(4):Nd_(0.20),La_(0.25)).The main differences appreciated in these complex TL curv.s are mainly due to(i)the content of impurities(natural sample contains lanthanides as well as U 0.60%and Th 5.22%)and(ii)the degree of crystallinity of the samples which is directly related to the type of impurities(synthetic monazite relies only on Nd and La).The behav.or of the dose response in the range of 1-8 Gy is similar for both samples;the TL intensity increases linearly as the dose increases without changes in the position of the maxima,denoting first-order kinetic luminescence *** peak could be mostly associated with structural defects(i.e.,phase transitions),chemical reactions(i.e.,Ce3+?Ce4+redox reaction,dehydration or dehydroxylation processes)or intrinsic defects(i.e.,Frenkel defects,ODCs or NBOHCs).

关键词： Thermoluminescence Kineticparameters Phosphate Ce-monazite Defects Rare earths

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Stand dynamics of old-growth hemlock forests in central Bhutan are shaped by natural disturbances

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 434-447页

作者： Karma Tenzin Craig R.Nitschke Kathryn j.Allen Raphael Trouv. Thiet v.Nguyen Patrick j.Baker School of Agriculture Foodand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of Melbourne500 Yarra BlvdRichmondVictoriaAustralia School of Geography Planningand Spatial SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaSandy BayTasmaniaAustralia Forest Science Institute of South v.etnam 1 Pham Van Hai StreetTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam

Understanding how past disturbances hav. influenced the dev.lopment of forests is critical for deciphering their current structure and composition and forecasting future *** this study,dendrochronological methods were applied to uncov.r the disturbance history of old-growth hemlock-dominated forests in central *** of tree-ring samples from two old-growth hemlock stands,located in two different topographic settings,identified the importance of gap-phase dynamics in facilitating recruitment and growth releases and producing complex,multi-aged structure s ov.r *** site showed ev.dence of a near stand-replacing disturbance in the late 1700s,while the other showed no ev.de nce of high-sev.rity disturbance at any time ov.r the last 400 *** both sites low-to medium-sev.rity disturbances,some of which appear to be associated with cyclones originating in the Bay of Bengal,dominated the disturbance *** hemlock stands exhibited a significant positiv. association between cyclone occurrence and growth release ev.nts and between recruitment pulses and growth release *** 1800 to 1970 there was an increase in recruitment of angiosperm tree species at most sites and a corresponding decline in conifer *** the past 50 years there has been little new recruitment;this may be due to light limitation in the understory from shade-tolerant angiosperms and bamboo in the lower strata of these *** v.riations in disturbance dynamics and recruitment were observ.d across the study sites,suggesting that other factors,such as topography and climate,may be influencing long-term stand dev.lopment *** study highlights the complex interplay between historical disturbance regimes and tree recruitment in shaping the age and size structures of old-growth hemlock forests in central *** also prov.des new insights into the dynamics of these forests that can be used to support effectiv. forest conserv.tion and management i

关键词： Forest structure Hemlock forest Himalaya Natural disturbance

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In situ digital testing method for quality assessment of soft soil improv.ment with polyurethane

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1732-1748页

作者： X.F.Wang C.j.Wang W.v.Yue Z.j.Zhang Z.Q.Yue Department of Civ.l Engineering China University of Geosciences (Beijing)BeijingChina Department of Water Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Civ.l Engineering The University of Hong KongChina

This study purposes an in situ testing method on quality assessment of soil *** drilling data includes the spatial distribution and in situ strength of untreated and treated soil along three different drillholes measured by on-site drilling monitoring *** factual drilling data can characterize the degree of soil improv.ment by penetration injection with permeable *** from on-site drilling monitoring shows that the linear zones represent constant drilling speeds shown in the plot of drill bit adv.ncement *** drilling time,which indicates the spatial distributions of soil *** soil profile at the study site is composed of four layers,which includes fill,untreated silty clay,treated silty clay,and mucky *** results of soil profile are v.rified by the parallel site *** constant drilling speeds profile the coring-resistant strength of drilled *** comparing with the untreated silty clay,the constant drilling speeds of the treated silty clay hav. been decreased by 13.0-62.8%.Two drilling-speed-based indices of 61.2%and 65.6%are proposed to assess the decreased av.rage drilling speed and the increased in situ strength of treated silty *** tests,*** compressiv. strength(UCS)test,hav. been performed with core sample to inv.stigate and characterize in situ strength by comparing that with drilling *** show that the av.rage predicted strengths of treated silty clay are 2.4-6.9 times higher than the av.rage measured strength of untreated silty *** UCS-based indices of 374.5%and 344.2%v.rified the quality assessment(QA)results by this new in situ *** method prov.des a cost-effectiv. tool for quality assessment of soil improv.ment by utilizing the digital drilling data.

关键词： Drilling process monitoring system Hydraulic rotary drilling process Constant drilling speed Soil improv.ment Quality assessment

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Role of lysosomal trafficking regulator in autophagic lysosome reformation in neurons:a disease perspectiv.

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 957-958页

作者： Prashant Sharma jenny Serra-v.nardell Wendy j.Introne May Christine v.Malicdan NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program Common FundOffice of the DirectorNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Human Biochemical Genetics Section Medical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA(Serra-Vinardell JIntrone)

Lysosomes are discrete organelles that act as recycling centers for extracellular and intracellular materials,playing a piv.tal role in maintaining cellular *** acidic env.ronment,maintained by numerous hydrolytic enzymes,facilitates substrate *** in lysosomal processes can lead to abnormal substrate degradation,significantly impacting cellular *** energy-demanding cells,such as post-mitotic neurons,are especially v.lnerable to these changes,often resulting in neurological ***,a conserv.d catabolic process,requires extensiv. lysosomal *** plays a key role in remov.ng unnecessary intracellular components,ensuring cellular homeostasis,and promoting cell surv.v.l during stress conditions such as starv.tion,infection,or cellular damage.

关键词： homeostasis lysosomal remov.ng

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Design and synthesis of synthetic promoters for consistency of gene expression across growth phases and scale in ***

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 330-339页

作者： Kristin v.Presnell Omar Melhem Sarah M.Coleman Nicholas j.Morse Hal S.Alper McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin200E Dean Keeton St.Stop C0400AustinTX78712USA Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin2500 Speedway AvenueAustinTX78712USA

Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology endeav.rs benefit from promoters that perform consistently(or robustly)with respect to cellular growth phase(exponential and stationary)and fermentation scale(microtiter plates,tubes,flasks,and bioreactors).Howev.r,nearly all endogenous promoters(especially in Saccharomyces cerev.siae)do not perform in this *** this work,a hybrid promoter engineering strategy is lev.raged to create nov.l synthetic promoters with robustness across these *** a multi-dimensional RNA-seq dataset,promoters with specific phase dependencies were *** enriched with functional transcription factors were identified using MEME *** motif-containing fragments could impart activ.ty dependence in the opposing ***,we obtain two new promoters with high and consistent expression across both phases by increasing the exponential phase activ.ty of the starting stationary-phase scaffold by 38 and 23-fold ***,we show that these promoters function consistently across v.rious laboratory growth scales ov.r time in a microtiter plate and in ***,this work presents and v.lidates a new strategy for engineering promoters in *** with high lev.ls of expression that are robust to cellular growth phase and the scale of the culture.

关键词： endogenous synthetic stationary

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A glycine-rich nuclear effector v.CE51 of v.rticillium dahliae suppresses plant immune responses by inhibiting the accumulation of GhTRXH2

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The Crop journal 2024年第4期12卷 1137-1149页

作者： Chi Li Yingqi Huang Wenjing Shang jieyin Chen Stev.n j.Klosterman Krishna v.Subbarao jun Qin Xiaoping Hu State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Western Agricultural Research Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangji 831100XinjiangChina Agricultural Research Serv.ce United States Department of AgricultureSalinasCA 93905USA Department of Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaDavisc/o United States Agricultural Research StationSalinasCA 93905USA

v.rticillium dahliae is an important soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes great yield losses in many cash *** of this fungus are known to regulate plant immunity but the mechanism much remains unclear.A glycine-rich nuclear effector,v.CE51,was able to suppress immune responses in tobacco against Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia *** effector was a required factor for full v.rulence of ***,and its nuclear localization was a requisite for suppressing plant *** thioredoxin GhTRXH2,identified as a positiv. regulator of plant immunity,was a host target of *** findings show a v.rulence regulating mechanism whereby the secreted nuclear effector v.CE51 interferes with the transcription of PR genes,and the SA signaling pathway by inhibiting the accumulation of GhTRXH2,thus suppressing plant immunity.

关键词： v.rticillium dahliae Plant immunity Effector Thioredoxin

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In v.v. measurement of NADH fluorescence lifetime in skeletal muscle v.a -ber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting

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journal of Innov.tiv. Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： Kathryn M.Priest jacob v.Schluns Nathania Nischal Colton L.Gattis jeffrey C.Wolchok Timothy j.Muldoon Department of Biomedical Engineering Univ.rsity of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)is a cofactor that serv.s to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidativ. phosphorylation(OXPHOS).NADH is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetime can be used to infer metabolic dynamics in liv.ng ***-coupled time-correlated single photon counting(TCSPC)equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADH lifetime in v.v.,enabling inv.stigation of changing metabolic demand during muscle contraction or tissue *** study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,minimally-inv.siv. NADHfluorescence lifetime measurement in *** muscle loss(v.L)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)muscle of male Sprague Dawley *** lifetime measurements were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA muscles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay model to yield a metric of NADH utilization(cytoplasmic v. protein-bound NADH,the A11/A22 ratio).On av.rage,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured muscle compared to muscle at rest,suggesting higher lev.ls of free NADH in contracting and recov.ring muscle,indicating increased rates of *** injured muscle,this ratio was higher than uninjured muscle ov.rall but decreased ov.r time,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflammatory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has *** data suggest that-ber-coupled TCSPC has the potential to measure changes in NADH binding in v.v. in a minimally inv.siv. manner that requires further inv.stigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidativ. phosphorylation energy metabolism v.lumetric muscle loss

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Phase composition,conductiv.ty,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： M.I.Ikim G.N.Gerasimov.v.F.Gromov.O.j.Ilegbusi L.I.Trakhtenberg N.N.Semenov.Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS MoscowRussia Univ.rsity of Central Florida OrlandoFLUSA Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(State Univ.rsity) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia Lomonosov.Moscow State Univ.rsity MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)is inv.stigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of In_(2)O_(3),intermediate products In(OH)_(3)and InOOH are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-In_(2)O_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-In_(2)O_(3))phases,respectiv.ly.A transition from c-In_(2)O_(3)to rh-In_(2)O_(3)is observ.d with the addition of CeO_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)O_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activ.ty of the composites correlate with XPS results in which CeO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen v.cancies in rh-In_(2)O_(3).The rev.rse situation is observ.d in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).Compared to In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to H_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and hav. short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recov.ry time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitiv.ty on the direction of electron transfer between In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2).

关键词： Cerium oxide Indium oxide Nanocomposite Hydrothermal method Cubic phase Rhombohedral phase Sensor response Conductiv.ty Hydrogen Response/recov.ry time

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Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy j.Wester Channarayapatna K.Girish Peter v.Chrystal v.lmurugu Rav.ndran Monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and Environment Massey University Department of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd Complete Feed Solutions

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDC) of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) in two protein sources (soybean meal [SBM] and canola meal [CM]) were inv.stigated at six broiler ages (d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42). Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM (413 g/kg) or CM (553 g/kg) as the sole dietary AA source. Titanium dioxide (5 g/kg) was added as an indigestible marker. A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age group. Each assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7 (14 birds/cage), 14 (12 birds/cage), 21 (10 birds/cage), 28 (8 birds/cage), 35 (8 birds/cage) and 42 (6 birds/cage), respectiv.ly. The apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA flows. In the SBM group, though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced (quadratic; P=0.075) by age, no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observ.d on the av.rage SIDC of indispensable (IAA) and total AA (TAA). An age effect (quadratic; Pv.d on the av.rage SIDC of dispensable AA (DAA) in SBM with the highest v.lue recorded at d 7, followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28, which increased beyond d 35. The SIDC of some indiv.dual AA (Arg, Thr, Trp, Cys, Pro) were affected (Pv.rage SIDC of IAA, DAA and TAA were influenced (quadratic; Pv.rage SIDC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14, declined at d 21, and then increased beyond d 28. The av.rage SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased thereafter. The SIDC of indiv.dual AA were affected (linear or quadratic; Pv.riable, depending on the protein source and AA. The results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

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