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Population viability analysis: using a modeling tool to assess the viability of tapir populations in fragmented landscapes

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 356-372页

作者： emília Patrícia MEDICI Arnaud Leonard Jean DESBIEZ Lowland Tapir Conservation Initiative IPÊ-Institute for Ecological ResearchNazaréPaulistaSão PauloBrazil IUCN/SSC Tapir Specialist Group(TSG) GlandSwitzerland Escola Superior de Conservação Ambiental e Sustentabilidade(ESCAS/IPÊ) NazaréPaulistaSão PauloBrazil IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group(CBSG) Brazil NetworkCampo GrandeMSBrazil Royal Zoological Society of Scotland EdinburghScotland

A population viability analysis(PVA)was conducted of the lowland tapir populations in the Atlantic Forest of the Pontal do Paranapanema region,Brazil,including Morro do Diabo State Park(MDSP)and surrounding forest *** from the model projected that the population of 126 tapirs in MDSP is likely to per-sist over the next 100 years;however,200 tapirs would be required to maintain a viable ***-ity analysis showed that sub-adult mortality and adult mortality have the strongest influence on the dynamics of lowland tapir *** road-kill has a major impact on the MDSP tapir population and can lead to population *** modeling showed that dispersal of tapirs from MDSP to the surrounding fragments can be detrimental to the overall metapopulation,as fragments act as ***,the model showed that under certain conditions the maintenance of the metapopulation dynamics might be determinant for the persistence of tapirs in the region,particularly in the smaller *** establishment of corridors con-necting MDSP to the forest fragments models resulted in an increase in the stochastic growth rate,making ta-pirs more resilient to threats and catastrophes,but only if rates of mortality were not increased when using *** PVA showed that the conservation of tapirs in the Pontal region depends on:the effective protection of MDSP;maintenance and,whenever possible,enhancement of the functional connectivity of the landscape,reducing mortality during dispersal and threats in the unprotected forest fragments;and neutralization of all threats affecting tapirs in the smaller forest fragments.

关键词： Atlantic Forest fragmentation lowland tapir minimum viable population population viability analysis

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Analytical and Computational Studies of Correlations of Hydrodynamic Fluctuations in Shear Flow

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Communications in Computational Physics 2018年第1期23卷 93-117页

作者： Xin Bian Mingge Deng George em Karniadakis Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode Island 02912USA Lehrstuhl fur Aerodynamik und Stromungsmechanik Technische Universitat Munchen85748 GarchingGermany

We study correlations of hydrodynamic fluctuations in shear flow analytically and also by dissipative particle dynamics(DPD)*** hydrodynamic equations are linearized around the macroscopic velocity field and then solved by a perturbation method in Fourier-transformed *** autocorrelation functions(ACFs)fromthe analyticalmethod are comparedwith results obtained fromDPD simulations under the same shear-flow *** to a moderate shear rate,various ACFs from the two approaches agree with each other *** large shear rates,discrepancies between the two methods are observed,hence revealing strong additional coupling between different fluctuating variables,which is not considered in the analytical *** addition,the results at low and moderate shear rates can serve as benchmarks for developing multiscale algorithms for coupling of heterogeneous solvers,such as a hybrid simulation of molecular dynamics and fluctuating hydrodynamics solver,where thermal fluctuations are indispensable.

关键词： Hydrodynamic fluctuations correlation functions dissipative particle dynamics shear flow

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Nonlocal Flocking Dynamics: Learning the Fractional Order of PDEs from Particle Simulations

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2019年第4期1卷 597-619页

作者： Zhiping Mao Zhen Li George em Karniadakis Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA 99354USA

Flocking refers to collective behavior of a large number of interacting entities,where the interactions between discrete individuals produce collective motion on the large *** employ an agent-based model to describe the microscopic dynamics of each individual in a flock,and use a fractional partial differential equation(fPDE)to model the evolution of macroscopic quantities of *** macroscopic models with phenomenological interaction functions are derived by applying the continuum hypothesis to the microscopic *** of specifying the fPDEs with an ad hoc fractional order for nonlocal flocking dynamics,we learn the effective nonlocal influence function in fPDEs directly from particle trajectories generated by the agent-based *** demonstrate how the learning framework is used to connect the discrete agent-based model to the continuum fPDEs in one-and two-dimensional nonlocal flocking *** particular,a Cucker-Smale particle model is employed to describe the microscale dynamics of each individual,while Euler equations with nonlocal interaction terms are used to compute the evolution of macroscale *** trajectories generated by the particle simulations mimic the field data of tracking logs that can be obtained *** can be used to learn the fractional order of the influence function using a Gaussian process regression model implemented with the Bayesian *** show in one-and two-dimensional benchmarks that the numerical solution of the learned Euler equations solved by the finite volume scheme can yield correct density distributions consistent with the collective behavior of the agent-based system solved by the particle *** proposed method offers new insights into how to scale the discrete agent-based models to the continuum-based PDE models,and could serve as a paradigm on extracting effective governing equations for nonlocal flocking dynamics directly from particle trajectories.

关键词： Fractional PDEs Gaussian process Bayesian optimization Fractional Laplacian Conservation laws

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The evaluation of gastrointestinal function in diabetic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1999年第4期5卷 5-10页

作者： Quigley em

Ｎｏｗａｄａｙｓ，ａｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｏｐｔｉｏｎｓａｒｅａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅｆｏｒｔｈｅａｓｅｓｍｅｎｔｏｆｇａｓｔｒｉｃｍｏｔｏｒｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ．Ｔｈｕｓ，ａｇｌｏｂａｌｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎｏｆｇａｓｔｒｉｃｍｏｔ... 详细信息

Ｎｏｗａｄａｙｓ，ａｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｏｐｔｉｏｎｓａｒｅａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅｆｏｒｔｈｅａｓｅｓｍｅｎｔｏｆｇａｓｔｒｉｃｍｏｔｏｒｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ．Ｔｈｕｓ，ａｇｌｏｂａｌｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎｏｆｇａｓｔｒｉｃｍｏｔｏｒｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｍａｙｂｅｏｂ...

关键词： gastrointestinal diabetic evaluation function The

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Learning two-phase microstructure evolution using neural operators and autoencoder architectures

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1804-1816页

作者： Vivek Oommen Khemraj Shukla Somdatta Goswami Rémi Dingreville George em Karniadakis School of Engineering Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNM87185USA

Phase-field modeling is an effective but computationally expensive method for capturing the mesoscale morphological and microstructure evolution in ***,fast and generalizable surrogate models are needed to alleviate the cost of computationally taxing processes such as in optimization and design of *** intrinsic discontinuous nature of the physical phenomena incurred by the presence of sharp phase boundaries makes the training of the surrogate model *** develop a framework that integrates a convolutional autoencoder architecture with a deep neural operator(DeepONet)to learn the dynamic evolution of a two-phase mixture and accelerate time-to-solution in predicting the microstructure *** utilize the convolutional autoencoder to provide a compact representation of the microstructure data in a low-dimensional latent *** DeepONet is trained in the latent space,it can be used to replace the high-fidelity phase-field numerical solver in interpolation tasks or to accelerate the numerical solver in extrapolation tasks.

关键词： materials phase operators

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Fractional Buffer Layers:Absorbing Boundary Conditions for Wave Propagation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第2期31卷 331-369页

作者： Min Cai Ehsan Kharazmi Changpin Li George em Karniadakis Department of Mathematics Shanghai University99 Shangda RoadShanghai 200444P.R.China Division of AppliedMathematics Brown University170 Hope StProvidenceRI 02906USA School of Engineering Brown University184 Hope StProvidenceRI 02912USA

We develop fractional buffer layers(FBLs)to absorb propagating waves without reflection in bounded *** formulation is based on variable-order spatial fractional *** select a proper variable-order function so that dissipation is induced to absorb the coming waves in the buffer layers attached to the *** particular,we first design proper FBLs for the one-dimensional one-way and two-waywave ***,we extend our formulation to two-dimensional problems,wherewe introduce a consistent variable-order fractionalwave *** each case,we obtain the fully discretized equations by employing a spectral collocation method in space and Crank-Nicolson or Adams-Bashforth method in *** compare our results with a finely tuned perfectly matched layer(PML)method and show that the proposed FBL is able to suppress reflected waves including corner reflections in a two-dimensional rectangular *** also demonstrate that our formulation is more robust and uses less number of equations.

关键词： Variable-order fractional derivatives FBL wave equation

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A novel package system based on an EBV replicon vector for producing high titer recombinant adeno-associated virus vector

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第20期42卷 1741-1744页

作者： Yan, ZY Yao, em Zhang, T Shu, YL Hou, YD Chinese Acad Prevent Med Inst Virol State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn Beijing 100052 Peoples R China

ADENO-ASSOCIATED virus (AAV) was a human parvovirus considered as a gene delivery vehiclefor human gene therapy. Recombinant AAV vector (rAAV) could mediate the foreign DNAintegration into chromosome and establish a stable expression in the infected cells. As a viraltransduction vector, rAAV was superior to the traditional retrovirus vector for its high *** pathogenicity, and capacity of infecting postmitosis cells. The current strategy for produc-

关键词： recombinant AAV vector EBV replicon vector package cell line.

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Bi-Orthogonal fPINN:A Physics-Informed Neural Network Method for Solving Time-Dependent Stochastic Fractional PDEs

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第9期34卷 1133-1176页

作者： Lei Ma Rongxin Li Fanhai Zeng Ling Guo George em Karniadakis Department of Mathematics Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China School of Mathematics Shandong UniversityShandong 250100China Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02906USAand School of EngineeringBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02906USA

Fractional partial differential equations(FPDEs)can effectively represent anomalous transport and nonlocal ***,inherent uncertainties arise naturally in real applications due to random forcing or unknown material *** models considering nonlocal interactions with uncertainty quantification can be formulated as stochastic fractional partial differential equations(SFPDEs).There are many challenges in solving SFPDEs numerically,especially for long-time integration since such problems are high-dimensional and ***,we combine the bi-orthogonal(BO)method for representing stochastic processes with physicsinformed neural networks(PINNs)for solving partial differential equations to formulate the bi-orthogonal PINN method(BO-fPINN)for solving time-dependent ***,we introduce a deep neural network for the stochastic solution of the time-dependent SFPDEs,and include the BO constraints in the loss function following a weak *** automatic differentiation is not currently applicable to fractional derivatives,we employ discretization on a grid to compute the fractional derivatives of the neural network *** weak formulation loss function of the BO-fPINN method can overcome some drawbacks of the BO methods and thus can be used to solve SFPDEs with eigenvalue ***,the BO-fPINN method can be used for inverse SFPDEs with the same framework and same computational complexity as for forward *** demonstrate the effectiveness of the BO-fPINN method for different benchmark ***,we first consider an SFPDE with eigenvalue crossing and obtain good results while the original BO method *** then solve several forward and inverse problems governed by SFPDEs,including problems with noisy initial *** study the effect of the fractional order as well as the number of the BO modes on the accuracy of the BO-fPINN *** results demonstrate the flexibility and efficiency

关键词： Scientific machine learning uncertainty quantification stochastic fractional differential equations PINNs inverse problems

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The paternal genome and the health of the assistect reproductive technology child

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第4期17卷 616-622页

作者： Sheena em Lewis Kishlay Kumar Centre for Public Health Queen's University Belfast Grosvenor Road BT12 6BJNI UK.

As a number of children born by assisted reproductive technology （ART） are increasing each year across the developed world, the health of such offspring is a matter of public concern. Does the integrity of the paternal genome impact on offspring health？ In societal terms, as birth rates fall, and the Western population become unsustainable, do the benefits outweigh the costs of creating and providing for this ART conceived subpopulation？ There are little data to date to answer these questions. The long-term health of such children has largely been ignored, and success measured only by early （prebirth） outcomes such as embryo quality or pregnancy. However, there are powerful paradigms such as ageing and smoking that give vital clues as to the potential impact of unhealthy spermatozoa on disease risk, mental and physical health, fertility and mortality of these offspring.

关键词： sperm DNA damage paternal genome offspring infertility

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A first look at communication theory / em Griffin ; special consultant, Glen McClish. 4th ed.

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2000年

作者： em Griffin special consultant Glen McClish.

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