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Qualitative Assessment and Typology of the Water Resource Used for the Production of Drinking Water in Duékoué, Western Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第5期7卷 212-231页

作者： Kouamé kouakou Benoit Konan kouakou Séraphin Attoungbre kouakou Severin Konan koffi Félix Boussou koffi Charles Kouamé Kouamé Martin Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment University Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Ecology Biodiversity and Evolution University Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire

The objective of this study was to evaluate the typology of water through physicochemical and bacteriological characterization with the aim of highlighting its vulnerability as a drinking water resource. The methodology adopted was to evaluate the level of pollution by monitoring the spatiotemporal variation of the water pollution indicator levels of Lake Dohou. The sampling frequency is monthly for one year, from November 2017 to October 2018, in order to obtain a fairly representative image of water quality and its seasonal evolution in eight (8) well-defined stations. The parameters were determined using the standard methods defined by the French Association for Standardization (AFNOR). This study shows that the waters are acidic, with an average pH of 5.81 and a low electrical conductivity of between 42.67 ± 4.30 and 59.62 ± 21.84 μ***-1. At all stations, seasonal mean water transparencies are low (<1 m). It is also noted that 99.7% of the water samples collected had total nitrogen (TN) levels above the limit of 4 mg.L-1. All of the lake’s waters have non-compliant BOD5 (2.L-1) for raw water intended for the production of drinking water. Sites D6 and D7 have COD/BOD5 ratio greater than 3, which indicates the presence of non-biodegradable organic matter in these areas. Total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Enterococci were present in 100% (28/28) water samples at concentrations ranging from 2300 to 173,000 CFU/100 mL, from 100 to 1650 CFU/100 mL and from 20 to 1140 CFU 1/100 mL respectively. For Salmonella pathogens, they were detected in 50% of the dry season samples and in 100% of the rainy season samples. This almost permanent presence of this pathogenic germ denotes a poor quality of water with reference to this parameter. The presence of total coliform and other microbial contaminants suggests that supplied water is highly contaminated with pathogens and great reservoirs for them. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the physicochemical data set allowed de

关键词： Dohou Lake Water Quality Coliform Fecal Coliform Physico-Chemical Parameters Typology and Variation

Indices of Water Quality and Pesticide Monitoring Survey in Lake of Western Cote d’Ivoire and Its Human Risk Assessment

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Natural Resources 2020年第2期11卷 46-69页

作者： Kouame kouakou Benoit Konan kouakou Seraphin Konan koffi Felix Boussou koffi Charles Kouame Kouame Martin Dibi Brou Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment University Jean Lorougnon GuedeDaloaCote d’Ivoire Laboratory of Ecology Biodiversity and EvolutionUniversity Jean Lorougnon GuedeDaloaCote d’Ivoire

The aims of the work were to study the current quality of the water in Lake DOHOU used for drinking water supply through several physical, chemical analyses and using water quality indices (WQI). In addition, the question was whether the populations are at risk after drinking water of lake following a reduction of 50% and 75% in the median and maximum values of pesticides. Thus, the results of the pesticide monitoring program were incorporated into probabilistic human health risk assessment exercises. Water samples were collected over a period of one year. Pesticides were subjected to solid phase extraction and then analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectroscopy. The other parameters were measured according to conventional methods. The results showed that the most frequently detected pesticides were aldicarb (79%), simazine (79%) and monolinuron (44%). They also showed the mean values of concentrations exceeding 1.5 μg/L. Metoxuron detected at a frequency of 29% showed the maximum average concentration (13.46 μg/L). Nearly 98% of the sampling points had at least one substance with an average concentration above the quality standard (0.1 μg/L) and 80% did not meet the total concentration standards. Cumulative risk quotient estimates after 50% or 75% abatement for frequently identified pesticides were greater than unity when extreme?values for adults and children were considered. To determine the suitability of water for aquatic life, drinking water consumption and drinking water production, the water quality index (WQI), the heavy metal pollution (HPI) and the heavy metal evaluation (HEI) were calculated. The poor quality of the water was mainly related to pesticides, organic matter and microbiological parameters. Most of the nutrients and metals studied were often below the standards of drinking water and aquatic life. The Water Quality Index (WQI) has shown that water quality is degrading for these three modes of use and ranges from poor to m

关键词： Pesticides Health Risk Assessment Water Quality Index Heavy Metal Index

Effect of Different Parts of Kigelia africanaFruit Aqueous Extracts on Sperm Parameters and Testis

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2021年第3期9卷 171-188页

作者： Maïmouna Coura Koné Blaise Wokapeu Kpan Ibrahima Kandé Roger koffi kouakou Romuald Sylvère Koman Yao Konan koffi kouakou Laboratory Biology and Health Biology of Development and Reproduction Unit Biosciences UFR Félix HOUPHOU&Euml T-BOIGNY University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Natural Environments and Biodiversity Conservation Botanical Research and Training Unit Félix HOUPHOU&Euml T-BOIGNY University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire UFR Science of Nature Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire National Floristic Center (CNF) Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Kigelia africana is a plant of ivoirian pharmocopae commonly used in infertility treatment. The Kigelia africanawhole fruit extracts are known to improve sperm parameters like density, morphologie and mobility. However, data related to efficiency of different parts of the fruit are lack. The aim of this study was to know the effects of aqueous extracts of the whole Kigelia africana fruit (AP) and of the fruit without the peel (SP) on the sperm parameters and testicular tissue of mice. The phytochemical composition analysis of the SP and AP aqueous extracts of Kigelia africana fruit reveals several secondary metabolites in variable abundance. The sperm densities (Figure 1) of the SP (~78.106 spz/ml ± 2.60) and AP (~96.15 × 106 spz/ml ± 2.44) groups were higher than that of the control (~63.95.106<

关键词： Kigelia Spermatogenesis Density Mobility Testis

1D-2D Hydraulic Modeling of a Diversion Channel on the Cavally River in Zouan-Hounien,Cote d’Ivoire

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2019年第8期11卷 1036-1048页

作者： Kouassi kouakou Lazare Brou Loukou Alexis Yao Affoue Berthe Kouadio Zile Alex Konan kouakou Seraphin Konan koffi Felix koffi Berenger Department of Geology University Jean Lorougnon GUEDEDaloaCote d’Ivoire

On the Cavally River, located on the border between C?te d’Ivoire and Liberia, several hydraulic structures such as bridges and diversion channels are planned to be made in recent years in the operating perimeter of the Ity mining company. A 1D-2D hydraulic model was developed to design a diversion channel to cut a meander of the Cavally River in order to ensure hydraulic operation similar to the initial conditions of the river (water levels, flow and velocities). This model was designed with a flow rate of 240 m3/s and a Manning coefficient of 0.052 m1/3·s-1 for the minor bed and 0.06 m1/3·s-1 for the major bed. The results from the hydraulic model show that the hydraulic conditions (water levels, velocities) in the channel before and after the diversion remain almost like those of the Cavally River.

关键词： Hydraulic Modeling Diversion Channel Cavally River Ity Cote d’Ivoire

Impact of Meteorological Drought on Streamflows in the Lobo River Catchment at Nibéhibé, Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第6期12卷 495-511页

作者： Bérenger koffi Zilé Alex Kouadio kouakou Hervé Kouassi Affoué Berthe Yao Martin Sanchez kouakou Lazare Kouassi Laboratory of Science and Technology of Environment Jean Lorougnon Guédé University Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Planetology and Geodynamics (LPG) University of Nantes Faculty of Science and Technology Nantes France

The management of water resources in watersheds has become increasingly difficult in recent years due to the frequency and intensity of drought sequences. The Lobo River catchment, like most tropical regions, has experienced alternating wet and dry periods. These drought periods have a significant impact on the availability of water resources in the basin. The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of meteorological drought on flows in the Lobo River catchment. Therefore, using the Normalized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Drought Flow Index (SDI), the characteristics of droughts were studied. The results of this study show that meteorological droughts were more frequent than hydrological droughts in the Lobo River watershed. However, the hydrological drought was longer and more intense than the meteorological drought. The greater relationship between meteorological and hydrological drought was observed at the Daloa and Vavoua station (0.43 < r < 0.50) compared to the Zuenoula station (r < 0.5). In addition, there was a resumption of precipitation and runoff between 2007 and 2013 in the basin. The study of these climatic trends would be very useful in the choice of management and adaptation policies for water resources management.

关键词： Rainfall Normalized Index Meteorological Drought Hydrological Drought Lobo River

Effect of Leafy and Leafless Greenwood, Softwood and Hardwood Cuttings Success of Garcinia kola(Heckel)

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第10期11卷 897-911页

作者： Jonas Patrick Dao kouakou Laurent kouakou Camille kouakou Mamadou Cherif Mahamadi Hamed Ouedraogo Kouame Kevin koffi Irié Arsène Zoro Bi Training and Research Unit of Sciences of Nature Laboratory of Biology and Improvement of Plant Production Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Training and Research Unit of Biosciences Plant Physiology Laboratory Felix Houphou&#235 t Boigny University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Phytotechnical Unit and Genetic Improvement Training and Research Unit of Sciences of Nature Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Training and Research Unit of Life and Earth Sciences Biosciences Laboratory Genetics and Plant Breeding Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Garcinia kola Heckel, called “petit cola” in Côte d’Ivoire and “bitter kola” in Nigeria, is a Non-Timber Forest Product of great socioeconomic importance. Unfortunately, this species is threatened due to overexploitation and deforestation. This study tested the effect of leaf area on stem cuttings to regenerate vegetatively in a non-mist poly-propagator without using exogenous hormones. Three stem cuttings types: greenwood, softwood and hardwood (12 - 15 cm in length) were collected from 24-month years old seedlings. The two top leaves of each cutting type were conserved at different leaf area: 0 cm2, 28.25 cm2, 56.5 cm2, 84.75 cm2 and 113 cm2 (entire leaf area). Observations were made on rooting, sprouting and leafing abilities of cuttings depending to treatments applied. Results showed that all cutting types have presented good ability to shooting and rooting. Cuttings with 113 cm2 leaf areas presented the best rooting (94.44% ± 2.42%) and shouting (95.55% ± 2.42%) percentage and longest primary root length (12.03 ± 0.50 cm). Hardwood, softwood and greenwood cuttings with 113 cm2 leaf area had the best rooting percentage (96.66% ± 3.33%, 96.66% ± 5.77% and 90.00% ± 5.77% respectively). The longest primary root length (13.50 ± 0.97 cm) was observed to greenwood cuttings with 113 cm2 leaf area. Regenerated plants in the forest presented well survival percentage (96.66%). This study shows that it is possible to regenerate entire plants by cuttings without using external hormones in non-mist poly-propagator.

关键词： Garcinia kola Heckel Leaf Area Non-Mist Poly-Propagator Stem Cuttings Vegetative Propagation

Determination of Comfort Conditions Using the PMV, Set and PDD Thermal Comfort Indexes in Ivory Coast

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第10期12卷 277-286页

作者： Amani Odilon Kouassi Conand Honoré kouakou koffi Clément Kouadio Department of Geology Universit Felix Houphout Boigny de Cocody Abidjan Cote dIvoire

This work falls within the context of reducing energy consumption in Côte d’Ivoire. As the building sector is one of the energy consumers worldwide, it could be a major source of energy savings. A major source of energy savings. With this in mind thermal comfort in buildings in Côte d’Ivoire (Abidjan) in order to determine (Abidjan) to determine thermal comfort conditions. To carry out study, measurement campaigns were carried out in various buildings. These measured parameters were used to calculate comfort indices such as PMV, PDD, SET and operating temperature. A correlation was then made between the PMV index and the operating temperature, then between the SET and the operating temperature to determine the thermoneutrality temperature and the different thermal comfort thermal comfort ranges. The PMV gave a thermoneutrality temperature of 24.87˚C in the rainy season and a thermoneutrality temperature of 25.15˚C during the dry season. In addition, the SET gave comfort ranges, with values ranging from 23.23˚C to 25.70˚C in the rainy season and 23.35˚C to 26.08˚C in the dry season. In addition, the acceptability predicted by the PDD showed that in the rainy season, the premises were more acceptable than in the dry season.

关键词： Operating Temperature Thermoneutrality Thermal Comfort Acceptability Energy

Fibromyalgia of Women Who Gave Birth and Pregnancy Outcome Parameters

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2022年第1期12卷 1-11页

作者： Maïmouna Coura Koné Nabé Alphonse Kambiré koffi kouakou Yapi Ahoua Biology and Health Laboratory Biology of Reproduction and Development Unit Biosciences UFR Félix Houphoüet-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Psychology Human and Social Sciences UFR Félix Houphoüet-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) is a common chronic disease characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain in certain anatomic locations. Even though Fibromyalgia’s prevalence and common symptoms in pregnant women are known, many issues related to the consequences of mother’s fibromyalgia on pregnancy outcome have not been enough explored. The aim of this study is to highlight the relationship between fibromyalgia of women who gave birth and pregnancy outcome parameters like child delivery ways and newborn health. A first preliminary epidemiology study was thus carried out in the Bingerville general hospital. Our results showed that fibromyalgia was prevalent in women who gave birth as among 271 women who gave birth, 48.03% have fibromyalgia. A high frequency of women with fibromyalgia delivered by caesarian section (79.7%). Apgar score indicated that newborns of the study have a good vitality as the score is higher than or equal to 7 for the majority of newborns. A large number of newborns were apparently in good health (160/184) compared to unhealthy newborns (24/184). We saw that a large frequency of unhealthy newborns were born from women with fibromyalgia (14/24;58.3%) while a low proportion of apparently in good health newborns were born from women with fibromyalgia. Healthy newborns have not been observed. All together, these data highlight the prevalence of fibromyalgia in women who gave birth and a relationship between fibromyalgia of mother, delivery modality and newborn health. However, in the situation of newborns’ health, the link was not direct.

关键词： Fibromyagia Pregnancy Delivery Apgar Newborn

Sizing of a Filter (L-C) for a 180°Control Inverter Connected to a Medium Voltage Network

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2021年第5期11卷 565-576页

作者： kouakou Fernand koffi Gondo Yake Raymond Gbegbe Georges Loum Olivier Asseu Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouë t Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire Université Félix Houphouë t Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Ecole Supérieure Africaine des Technologies d’Information et de la Communication (ESATIC) Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

This paper studies the design and sizing of a filter (L-C) for an inverter with 180° control in Medium voltage (MV), based on formulas of the capacitance of the capacitor C and the inductance L of the filter (L-C) of an SPWM inverter. These formulas were obtained by minimizing two parameters: the reactive power of the capacitor (capped at 5% of the apparent power of the load) and the ripple of the current flowing through inductance L (capped at 10% of the current supplying the load). The application of these formulas for the calculation of the filter (L-C) of the 180° control inverter in MV is not conclusive. Studies have been carried out to make them applicable. The results show that limiting the current ripple in the inductor to 10% of the load current is a valid assumption and that limiting the reactive power of the capacitor to 5% of the apparent power of the load presents shortcomings. The results also show that setting the inductance L of the filter to Lmaxi and the capacitor C from 35 × Cmaxi to 400 × Cmaxi gives voltage and current THDs that meet the 519 IEEE-2014 standards.

关键词： filter (L-C) THD inverter with 180° control and with SPWM control mathematical iterations MV. MATLAB-SIMULINK