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Traditional and emerging Fusarium mycotoxins disrupt homeostasis of bovine mammary cells by altering cell permeability and innate immune function

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 388-397页

作者： Ran Xu umesh k.shandilya Alexandros Yiannikouris Niel A.karrow Department of Animal Biosciences University of GuelphGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada Alltech Inc. Center for Animal Nutrigenomics and Applied Animal NutritionNicholasvilleKY 40356USA

High incidence of traditional and emerging Fusarium mycotoxins in cereal grains and silages can be a potential threat to feed safety and *** biodegradation of Fusarium mycotoxins by rumen microflora following ingestion of mycotoxin-contaminated feeds can lead to their circulatory transport to target tissues such as mammary *** bovine udder plays a pivotal role in maintaining milk yield and composition,thus,human ***,toxic effects of Fusarium mycotoxins on bovine mammary gland are rarely *** this study,the bovine mammary epithelial cell line was used as an in-vitro model of bovine mammary epithelium to investigate effects of deoxynivalenol(DON),enniatin B(ENB)and beauvericin(BEA)on bovine mammary gland *** indicated that exposure to DON,ENB and BEA for 48 h significantly decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner(PkDa dextran(Pke receptor 4(TLR4)and cytokines after 4,24 and 48 h of ***,ENB and BEA significantly upregulated the TJ protein zonula occludens-1,whereas markedly downregulated claudin 3(Pkedly increased expression of cytokines interleukin-6(IL-6)(P<0.001),tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-a)(P<0.05)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)(P<0.01).BEA significantly upregulated IL-6(P<0.001)and TGF-β(P=0.01),but downregulated TNF-α(P<0.001).These results suggest that DON,ENB and BEA can disrupt mammary gland homeostasis by inducing cell death as well as altering its paracellular permeability and expres

关键词： Fusarium mycotoxin Invitro cell culture Bovine mammary epithelial cells Epithelial paracellular permeability Innate immunity

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Morphology of single inhalable particle inside public transit biodiesel fueled bus

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第2期22卷 263-270页

作者： kaushik k.shandilya Ashok kumar Department of Civil Engineering The University of Toledo

In an urban-transit bus, fueled by biodiesel in Toledo, Ohio, single inhalable particle samples in October 2008 were collected and detected by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry （SEM/EDS）. Particle size analysis found bimodal distribution at 0.2 and 0.5 μm. The particle morphology was characterized by 14 different shape clusters： square, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, decagon, agglomerate, sphere, triangle, oblong, strip, line or stick, and unknown, by quantitative order. The square particles were common in the samples. Round and triangle particles are more, and pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, decagon, strip, line or sticks are less. Agglomerate particles were found in abundance. The surface of most particles was coarse with a fractal edge that can provide a suitable chemical reaction bed in the polluted atmospheric environment. The three sorts of surface patterns of squares were smooth, semi-smooth, and coarse. The three sorts of square surface patterns represented the morphological characteristics of single inhalable particles in the air inside the bus in Toledo. The size and shape distribution results were compared to those obtained for a bus using ultra low sulfur diesel.

关键词： individual particle environmental scanning electron microscope urban-public transit bus ultra low sulfur diesel

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Comparative efficacy of hyperbaric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section:A metaanalysis

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 154-165页

作者： Rishi Anand Deb Sanjay Nag Roushan Patel Prashant Sharma Vamsi krishna Uppalapati umesh kumar Singh Department of Anaesthesiology Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831001JhārkhandIndia

BACkGROUND Intrathecal bupivacaine is the traditional anesthetic drug used in spinal anesthesia for caesarean sections(CSs),but ropivacaine has emerged as a potential *** meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyper-baric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric ropivacaine for cesarean *** To systematically evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine and hyperbaric ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia in *** A thorough search of electronic databases was carried out to find pertinent randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing intrathecal hyperbaric ropi-vacaine and hyperbaric bupivacaine during ***,Cochrane database,Google Scholar,and Scopus were searched,and papers from January 2000 to January 2024 were deemed eligible and filtered using predetermined inclusion and exclusion *** were assessed for methodological quality,and data were extracted for time to adequate anesthesia(sensory and motor blockade),duration of sensory and motor block,hemodynamic changes and side effect *** standardized mean difference with 95%CI was used for continuous *** variables were assessed using the Mantel-Haenszel test and the random effect model to compute the odds *** Total 8 RCTs were selected from a pool of 119 search results for *** meta-analysis evaluated pooled effect sizes and assessed heterogeneity among the *** primary objective was to compare key outcomes to identify any significant variances in efficacy and safety profiles between two local *** analysis revealed that the difference in the onset of sensory blockade between the two local anesthetics was statistically insignificant(P=0.1586).However,the onset of motor blockade appeared to be faster with bupivacaine(P=0.03589).Additionally,the regression of sensory and motor blockade occurred earlier in the ropivacaine ***,the duration of the first analgesic

关键词： Ropivacaine Bupivacaine Anesthesia Spinal Cesarean section Meta-analysis

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma associated with pancreatic ductal intraepithelial neoplasia

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第1期7卷 106-107页

作者： umesh k Bhanot Department of Pathology University of Ulm89081 UlmGermanyMD

To the Editor:I read the report of krishnasamy et al1 with great *** authors make a valid point about management issues associated with pancreatic ductal intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) in their ***,a few clarificat... 详细信息

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma associated with pancreatic ductal intraepithelial neoplasia

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Exploring nitrogen reduction reaction mechanisms in electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis:A comprehensive review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 681-697页

作者： Abhishek umesh Shetty Ravi Sankannavar School of Chemical and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology GoaFarmagudiPonda 403401GoaIndia Department of Chemical Engineering M.S.Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyMSR NagarMSRIT PostBengaluru 560054KarnatakaIndia

The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)holds significant promise as a sustainable alternative to the conventional large-scale Haber Bosch process,offering a carbon footprint-free approach for ammonia *** the process is thermodynamically feasible at ambient temperature and pressure,challenges such as the competing hydrogen evolution reaction,low nitrogen solubility in electrolytes,and the activation of inert dinitrogen(N_(2))gas adversely affect the performance of ammonia *** hurdles result in low Faradaic efficiency and low ammonia production rate,which pose obstacles to the commercialisation of the *** have been actively designing and proposing various electrocatalysts to address these issues,but challenges still need to be resolved.A key strategy in electrocatalyst design lies in understanding the underlying mechanisms that govern the success or failure of the electrocatalyst in driving the electrochemical *** mechanistic studies,we gain valuable insights into the factors affecting the reaction,enabling us to propose optimised designs to overcome the *** review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various mechanisms involved in eNRR on the electrocatalyst *** delves into the various mechanisms such as dissociative,associative,Mars-van krevelen,lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction and surface hydrogenation mechanisms of nitrogen *** unravelling the intricacies of eNRR mechanisms and exploring promising avenues,we can pave the way for more efficient and commercially viable ammonia synthesis through this sustainable electrochemical process by designing an efficient electrocatalyst.

关键词： Green ammonia synthesis Electrolysis Electrocatalysis Nitrogen reductionreaction Electrochemical reaction pathways Reactionmechanism

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Elevational distribution of butterflies in the Himalayas: a case study from Langtang National Park, Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第7期14卷 1384-1390页

作者： Ranjit PANDEY kapil k kHADkA Anuj GHIMIRE Puja JHA umesh PATHAk Oklahoma State University Department of Integrative Biology University of Arkansas Department of Biological Sciences Tribhuvan University Central Department of Zoology Oklahoma State University Tribhuvan University Central Department of Environmental Sciences

Mountain ecosystems are relatively more vulnerable to climate change since human induced climate change is projected to be higher at high altitudes and latitudes. Climate change induced effects related to glacial response and water hazards have been documented in the Himalayas in recent years, yet studies regarding species' response to climate change are largely lacking from the mountains and Himalayas of Nepal. Changes in distribution and latitudinal/altitudinal range shift, which are primary adaptive responses to climate change in many species,are largely unknown due to unavailability of adequate data from the past. In this study, we explored the elevational distribution of butterflies in Langtang Village Development Committee(VDC) of Langtang National park; a park located in the high altitudes of Nepal. We found a decreasing species richness pattern along the elevational gradient considered ***, elevation did not appear to have a significant effect on the altitudinal distribution ofbutterflies at family level. Also, distribution of butterflies in the area was independent of habitat type,at family level. Besides, we employed indicator group analysis(at family level) and noticed that butterfly families Papilionidae, Riodinidae, and Nymphalidae are significantly associated to high, medium and low elevational zone making them indicator butterfly family for those elevational zones, respectively. We expect that this study could serve as a baseline information for future studies regarding climate change effects and range shifts and provide avenues for further exploration of butterflies in the high altitudes of Nepal.

关键词： Butterflies Indicator species Nepal Range shift Climate change Himalayas

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Arsenic Stress Responses and Tolerance in Rice: Physiological, Cellular and Molecular Approaches

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Rice science 2018年第5期25卷 235-249页

作者： Jyotirmay kALITA Amit kumar PRADHAN Zina Moni shandilya Bhaben TANTI Department of Botany Gauhati University

Arsenic （As）, a potentially toxic metalloid released in the soil environment as a result of natural as well as anthropogenic processes, is subsequently taken up by crop plants. In rice grains, As has been reported in Asia, North America and Europe, suggesting a future threat to food security and crop production. As3＋ by dint of its availability, mobility and phytotoxicity, is the most harmful species of As for the rice crop. Specific transporters mediate the transport of different species of As from roots to the aboveground parts of the plant body. Accumulation of As leads to toxic reactions in plants, affecting its growth and productivity. Increase in As uptake leads to oxidative stress and production of antioxidants to counteract this stress. Cultivars tolerant to As stress are efficient in antioxidant metabolism compared to sensitive ones. Iron and selenium are found to have ameliorating effect on the oxidative stress caused by As. Microbes, even many indigenous ones, in the plant rhizosphere are also capable of utilizing As in their metabolism, both independently and in association. Some of these microbes impart tolerance to As-stress in plants grown in As contaminated sites.

关键词： arsenic rice phytotoxicity hyperaccumulator phytochelatin antioxidant mitigation

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Environmental fate and health exposures of the geogenic and anthropogenic contaminants in potable groundwater of Lower Ganga Basin,India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第3期13卷 115-129页

作者： Indrani Mukherjee umesh kumar Singh Integrated Science Education and Research Centre(ISERC) Institute of ScienceVisva-Bharati UniversitySantiniketanBirbhum 731235West BengalIndia Department of Environmental Science School of EarthBiological and Environmental SciencesCentral University of South BiharGaya 824236BiharIndia

The study evaluated the sources and controlling factors of the groundwater contaminants in an agroeconomic region of Lower Ganga Basin using principal component analysis(PCA),multivariable linear regressions(MLR),correlation analysis,and hierarchical cluster analysis,and evaluated the public health risks using the Latin Hypercube Sampling,goodness-of-fit statistics,Monte Carlo simulation and Sobol sensitivity analysis based on the 1000 samples collected in two sampling cycles(N=1000).The study reveals that the dissolution of fluoride-bearing minerals and semi-arid climate regulate the fluoride concentrations(0.10–18.25 mg/L)in *** application of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers and livestock manure mainly contributed to elevated nitrate levels(up to 435.0 mg/L)in *** health risks analysis indicates that fluoride exposure is more prevalent in the residents of each age group than the nitrate and both contaminants exhibited higher non-carcinogenic health risks on the infant and child(minor)age groups compared to adolescents and *** on the cokriging interpolation mapping,the minor residents of 17.88%–23.15%of the total area(4545.0 km^(2))are vulnerable to methemoglobinemia whereas the residents of all age-groups in 38.47%–44.45%of the total area are susceptible to mild to severe dental/skeletal fluorosis owing to consumption of untreated nitrate and fluoride enriched *** Sobol sensitivity indices revealed contaminant levels,groundwater intake rate and their collective effects are the most influential factors to pose potential health risks on the *** recharge and rainwater harvesting practices should be adopted to improve the groundwater quality and the residents are advised to drink purified groundwater.

关键词： Cokriging Health risks Principal component analysis Cluster analysis Nitrate contamination Fluoride contamination

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Analytical techniques for serratiopeptidase: A review

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第4期7卷 203-207页

作者： Vandana Gupte umesh Luthra Ipca Laboratories Ltd. Biotech R & DKandivali (W)Mumbai 400067MaharashtraIndia

A review is presented on different analytical techniques used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of serratiopeptidase, a proteolytic enzyme, which has recently gained importance as an anti-inflammatory *** have been made to collate all the relevant references to the extent possible. The review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the cited analytical techniques, which will help to give insights into the methods used for estimation of serratiopeptidase as such, from clinical isolates and from its dosage *** review highlights the basic as well as advanced techniques performed for estimating serratiopeptidase. The techniques illustrated here have been demonstrated to be useful for qualitative and quantitative determination of serratiopeptidase and may find application in analyzing other related proteases.

关键词： Serratiopeptidase Anti-inflammatorydrug Analyticalmethod Qualitativeanalysis Quantitativeanalysis

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A review of cooling technologies for high temperature rotating components in gas turbine

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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第3期11卷 293-310页

作者： umesh Unnikrishnan Vigor Yang Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGAUSA

Modern gas turbines work under demanding high temperatures, high pressures, andhigh rotational speeds. In order to ensure durable and reliable operation, effective cooling mea-sures must be applied to the high-temperature rotating components, including turbine bladesand turbine disks. Cooling technology, however, is one of the most challenging problems inthis field. The present work reviews the current state of cooling technology research, at boththe fundamental science and engineering implementation levels, including modeling and simu-lation, experiments and diagnostics, and cooling technologies for blades and disks. In numericalsimulation, the RANS approach remains the most commonly used technique for flow-dynamicsand heat-transfer simulations. Much attention has been given to the development of improvedturbulence modeling for flows under rotation. For measurement and diagnostics, advancedinstrumentation and rotating-flow test facilities have been developed and valuable experimentaldata obtained. Detailed velocity and temperature distributions in rotating boundary layers havebeen obtained at scales sufficient to resolve various underlying mechanisms. Both isothermaland non-isothermal conditions have been considered, and the effects of Coriolis and buoyancyforces on flow evolution and heat transfer quantitatively identified. Cooling technologies havebeen improved by optimizing cooling passage dsigns, especially for curved configurations un-der rotation. Novel methods such as lamellar cooling and micro-scale cooling were proposed,and their effectiveness evaluated. For disk/cavity cooling, efforts were mainly focused on rotor-stator systems, with special attention given to the position of air injection into disks.

关键词： Gas turbine Rotating components Turbine blade Turbine disk Cooling technology

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