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Landfill Sites Identification Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Method: A Case Study of Intermediate City of Punjab, Pakistan

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2016年第1期8卷 40-49页

作者： Adeel Ahmad umar javaid Muhammad Asif Javed Sajid Rashid Ahmad Muhammad Abbas Jaffri Mudassar Ashfaq College of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan MM Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited Lahore Pakistan Ministry of Rural Affairs Al-Dulemia Saudi Arabia

Escalation in population over time triggered the abrupt exploitation of natural resources for human survival trough industrialization that ultimately caused splendid increase in the waste generation. This industrial development resulted in the migration of rural community toward urban areas. Management of urban waste is a great challenge for the urban administration. However, technologies have been developed to manage the waste in environmental friendly and sustainable manner. Sanitary landfill sites are one of the latest methods of disposing the municipal solid waste in an environment friendly and sustainable manner. Government and administrative authorities are adopting this technology for the management of urban solid waste. Present study is about identifying landfill sites for the Sahiwal city with an area of 1160 square kilometer and projected population of 1.57 million persons in 2016. Geographical Information System (GIS) is used for the identification of appropriate landfill site (LFS) that can fulfill the need of city in future and is selected based on the sustainable and eco-friendly criteria. The criteria are developed keeping in view the proximity from several land-use features i.e. water bodies, roads, settlements, agricultural land, bare land and existing disposal sites. The weights of the criteria are quantified using pair-wise comparison method in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The weights are incorporated in GIS spatial data environment and are assigned to proximity threshold of each criterion. Ultimately a map for each criterion is developed highlighting suitable, least suitable, less suitable and un-suitable areas with respect to each specific criterion. These maps are spatially overlaid which result in a final map that identifies most suitable landfill sites for solid waste disposal. The five identified sites are then prioritized based on their distances from the city center and area available. All identified sites are on the bare land and con

关键词： Urbanization Urban Waste Landfill Site (LFS) GIS Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

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Phase Noise Quenching in a Four-Level Laser

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第3期27卷 184-187页

作者： javaid Anwar Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan

In the presence of usual transmission losses, it is shown that phase noise in a four-level laser can be reduced below the Schawlow-Townes limit when lasing levels are coupled to a squeezed vacuum reservoir. The squeezed vacuum coupled to the lasing mode modifies the phase diffusion rate and dominates the contribution from transmission losses. It is predicted to obtain phase stability in the system and phase noise vanishes for larger squeezing. Gain of the laser remains positive under these conditions.

关键词： Optics quantum optics and lasers

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Progress in twin roll casting of magnesium alloys: A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第2期9卷 362-391页

作者： Amjad javaid Frank Czerwinski CanmetMATERIALS Natural Resources CanadaHamiltonOntarioL8P 0A5Canada

Twin roll casting was commercialized for a strip production from ferrous and non-ferrous alloys in the 1950 s;however,its application to magnesium has proven difficult and still creates major *** report describes global efforts in expanding manufacturing capabilities of magnesium sheet through twin roll casting path,offering many benefits,including a reduction in number of processing steps and energy *** addition to hardware design,alloy transformation during processing,product microstructure and properties,examples of successful solutions along with present technology and knowledge limitations are discussed.A particular attention is paid to developments at Canmet MATERIALS,having the only in North America pilot scale twin roll casting facility,devoted to *** are described that aim at design of new magnesium alloys,which could take advantage of unique processing conditions during twin roll casting and contribute to the overall progress in magnesium sheet manufacturing.

关键词： Twin roll casting Magnesium alloys Solidification Magnesium sheet

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A Novel Action Transformer Network for Hybrid Multimodal Sign Language Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 523-537页

作者： Sameena javaid Safdar Rizvi Department of Computer Sciences School of Engineering and Applied SciencesBahria UniversityKarachi CampusKarachiPakistan

Sign language fills the communication gap for people with hearing and speaking *** includes both visual modalities,manual gestures consisting of movements of hands,and non-manual gestures incorporating body movements including head,facial expressions,eyes,shoulder shrugging,*** both gestures have been detected;identifying separately may have better accuracy,butmuch communicational information is *** sign language mechanism is needed to detect manual and non-manual gestures to convey the appropriate detailed message to *** novel proposed system contributes as Sign LanguageAction Transformer Network(SLATN),localizing hand,body,and facial gestures in video *** we are expending a Transformer-style structural design as a“base network”to extract features from a spatiotemporal *** impulsively learns to track individual persons and their action context inmultiple ***,a“head network”emphasizes hand movement and facial expression simultaneously,which is often crucial to understanding sign language,using its attention mechanism for creating tight bounding boxes around classified *** model’s work is later compared with the traditional identification methods of activity *** not only works faster but achieves better accuracy as *** achieves overall 82.66%testing accuracy with a very considerable performance of computation with 94.13 Giga-Floating Point Operations per Second(G-FLOPS).Another contribution is a newly created dataset of Pakistan Sign Language forManual and Non-Manual(PkSLMNM)gestures.

关键词： Sign language gesture recognition manual signs non-manual signs action transformer network

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Effect of hot rolling on microstructure and properties of the ZEK100 alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2019年第1期7卷 27-37页

作者： Amjad javaid Frank Czerwinski CanmetMATERIALS 183 Longwood Road SouthHamiltonOntario L8P 0A5Canada

Attempts to expand manufacturing capabilities of magnesium-based sheet materials are *** as-cast ZEK100(Mg-1.2Zn-0.35Zr-0.17Nd,in wt%)magnesium alloy was subjected to hot rolling at temperatures from 350℃to 450℃using the laboratory 50 ton reversible mill with preheated rolls to manufacture the 1.5-1.7 mm thick *** rolling temperature affected the sheet properties and an increase in the rolling temperature from 250 to 450℃caused reduction of tensile strength from 257 to 228 MPa ac-companied by a reduction in tensile yield stress from 237 to 185 *** the same time,the alloy elongation increased from 17 to 21%.For the same rolling temperature range,the compressive strength reduced from 418 to 351 *** post-rolling annealing at 450℃led to reduction of both tensile and compressive properties with the largest changes corresponding to the rolling temperature of 350°*** correlation between the alloy grain size after rolling and the sheet properties was established where a reduction in grain size was accompanied by an increase of both the tensile/compressive strength and yield *** on Hall-Petch relationship and an average grain size the correlation developed in this study may be used as the prediction model for properties of the hot rolled magnesium *** results are discussed in terms of recent developments in magnesium sheet alloys and the vital role played in this process by rare earth elements.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Hot deformation Microstructure Rare earths Sheet rolling

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Phytodiversity and medicinal plant distribution in pasturelands of North Western Himalaya in relation to environmental gradients

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第4期16卷 884-897,955-963页

作者： javaid M.DAD Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture

This study aimed at elucidating phytodiversity of pasturelands of North-western Kashmir Himalayan biotic province in relation to various environmental gradients, with added focus on assessing distribution of important threatened medicinal plant taxa across surveyed pasturelands. A total of 16 sites that spanned across a broad altitudinal gradient(2502-4120 m) were selected. Phytosociological data like density, cover, frequency and abundance of vascular flora were collected and processed using gradient analysis. Soil moisture, nitrogen, organic carbon, acidity and electrical conductivity, altitude, degree of slope and human disturbance were recorded from each site. Analysis of species composition showed a total of 293 species of vascular plants, belonging to 192 genera and 64 families recorded from surveyed sites. Rank abundance exhibited that majority of species are locally rare and patchily distributed, with over 60% of species recording frequencies between 0%-20% and none showing frequencies more than 80%. Species richness showed significant variations and ranged from 20(Parihasmaidan) to 114(Nagbarren) for macro and 3.53±2.11(Thajwas) to 8.76± 1.01(Marsar) for micro-scale of measurement. The ShannonWiener(H') and Simpson's diversity(Ds) indices also varied greatly and were recorded highest(H'= 2.76 & Ds= 0.36) for Marsar and lowest(0.87 & 0.62) for Parihasmaidan. The diversity attributes suggested that pasturelands with lower species richness and diversity on macro-scale were not always species poor and less diverse on micro-measurement scale. The life form groupings highlighted the hemicryptophytic character of vegetation and species with highest importance value index were Sibbaldia cuneata(5.71), Rumex nepalensis(2.89), Juniperus wallichiana(2.88), Cynodon dactylon(2.83), Poa annua(2.49) and Sambucus wightiana(2.41). The results of canonical correspondence analysis showed that effect of altitude and anthropogenic disturbance was overriding and among various en

关键词： Anthropogenic disturbance Kashmir Himalaya Medicinal plants Mountain grasslands

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Changes in soil organic carbon,nitrogen and sulphur along a slope gradient in apple orchard soils of Kashmir Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第9期18卷 2377-2387页

作者： javaid M DAD Lotfollah ABDOLLAHI Department of Botany University of KashmirHazratbalSrinagar(J&K)India Faculty of Agriculture Payame Noor UniversityTehranP.O.Box 19395-3697Iran

Accumulation and losses of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN)and sulphur(S)influence food security and global ***,their spatial distribution and variability at regional scale,and their relation to topographical variables are of great *** this study,the variability of SOC,TN and S content was evaluated in apple orchard soils of Kashmir region,at three depths(D1:0-10,D2:10-20,and D3:20-30 cm)on slope gradient i.e.:flat,medium,and *** an increase in slope,a significant decrease of SOC and TN was observed,with concentration of SOC and TN recorded highest(14.3±2.06 g kg-1&0.97±0.35 g kg-1)in flat slope orchards and lowest(9.6±2.07 g kg-1&0.84±0.41 g kg-1)in high slope *** stock basis,the values recorded for flat,medium,and high slope orchards,for SOC and TN were 54.62±4.24 Mg ha-1&0.38±0.06 Mg ha-1,44.13±5.11 Mg ha-1&0.32±0.09 Mg ha-1,and 38.73±5.94 Mg ha-1&0.28±0.10,*** differences for S concentration and stocks were modest,with flat(0.21±0.15 mg kg-1&0.09±0.0.003 Mg ha-1)>high(0.16±0.07 mg kg-1&0.06±0.007 Mg ha-1)>medium(0.12±0.04 mg kg-1&0.075±0.009 Mg ha-1).Across slopes,SOC,TN and S decreased with increasing soil depth,suggesting clear downward ***,SOC and TN increased with the increase of altitude,precipitation and clay content while its relationship with soil acidity and soil bulk density was *** findings may provide scientific basis to structure agricultural development plans or prioritize regions for soil conservation efforts.

关键词： Apple orchards Slope Soil organic carbon Sulphur Total nitrogen Soil bulk density

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Blend of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Synthesized By Lipase Positive Bacteria From Plant Oils

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第5期7卷 463-476页

作者： Nasir javaid Rida Batool Nazia Jamil Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahore-54590Pakistan

A total of 5 biochemically characterized lipase positive bacterial strains were screened for Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA)production by Nile blue staining and confirmation was done by Sudan Black *** production ability for all strains was optimized followed by time profiling calculation and comparison via using glucose and two plant oils i.e.,canola and mustard *** analysis showed that glucose can serve as a carbon source for maximum biomass(2.5 g/L CDW for strain 5)and PHA production(70.3%for strain 2).PHA produced by strain 2 was further analyzed for its chemical composition and type via Fourier Transform Infrared(FT-IR)*** revealed homopolymer(PHB)and copolymer(PHB-co-PHV)production of PHA(peaks at 1743 cm-1 and 2861 cm-1,respectively)with both canola and mustard oil unlike glucose which produced only homopolymer one i.e.,PHB(peaks at 1110 cm-1,1411 cm-1 and 1650 cm-1).Crystallinity of FT-IR analyzed PHA was calculated using mathematical formulas which showed decrease from glucose to canola to mustard *** study revealed that plant oils can serve as better carbon source to produce better quality(ductile and copolymer)***,16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that strain 1,strain 2,strain 3,strain 4 and strain 5 are Stenotrophomonas sp.N3,Exiguobacterium sp.N4,Exiguobacterium ***3,Cellulosimicrobium sp.A8 and Klebsiella ***2,respectively.

关键词： Bioplastics polyhydroxyalkanoates lipase positive bacteria plant oils,FT-IR

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Topological Aspects of Dendrimers via Connection-Based Descriptors

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第5期135卷 1649-1667页

作者： Muhammad javaid Ahmed Alamer Aqsa Sattar Department of Mathematics School of ScienceUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabuk7149Saudi Arabia

Topological indices(TIs)have been practiced for distinct wide-ranging physicochemical applications,especially used to characterize and model the chemical structures of various molecular compounds such as dendrimers,nanotubes and neural networks with respect to their certain properties such as solubility,chemical stability and low *** are prolonged artificially synthesized or amalgamated natural macromolecules with a sequential layer of branches enclosing a central core.A present-day trend in mathematical and computational chemistry is the characterization of molecular structure by applying topological approaches,including numerical graph *** topological descriptors,Zagreb connection indices(ZCIs)have much *** manuscript involves the establishment of general results to calculate ZCIs,namely first ZCI(FZCI),second ZCI(SZCI),third ZCI(TZCI),modified FZCI,modified SZCI and modified TZCI of two special types of dendrimers nanostars,namely,poly propylene imine octamin(PPIO)dendrimer and poly(propyl)ether imine(PPEtIm)***,we provide the numerical and graphical comparative analysis of our calculated results for both types of dendrimers with each other.

关键词： Zagreb indices zagreb connection indices topological index dendrimer nanostars

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Formation of Nonlinear Solitary Vortical Structures by Coupled Electrostatic Drift and Ion-Acoustic Waves

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第12期34卷 41-45页

作者： L.Z.Kahlon I.javaid Physics Department Forman Christian CollegeFerozpur Road 54600LahorePakistan

Propagation of coupled electrostatic drift and ion-acoustic waves（DIAWs） is presented. It is shown that nonlinear solitary vortical structures can be formed by low-frequency coupled electrostatic DIAWs. Primary waves of distinct（small, intermediate and large） scales are considered. Appropriate set of 3 D equations consisting of the generalized Hasegawa-Mima equation for the electrostatic potential（involving both vector and scalar nonlinearities） and the equation of motion of ions parallel to magnetic field are obtained. According to experiments of laboratory plasma mainly focused to large scale DIAWs, the possibility of self-organization of DIAWs into the nonlinear solitary vortical structures is shown analytically. Peculiarities of scalar nonlinearities in the formation of solitary vortical structures are widely discussed.

关键词： Formation of Nonlinear Solitary Vortical Structures by Coupled Electrostatic Drift and Ion-Acoustic Waves

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