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The Prevalence of Parasitic Human Intestinal Helminthes and the Efficacy of Anthelmintic Drug in Children in Uzo-Uwani Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2013年第4期3卷 213-218页

作者： Cletus Anes Ukwubile Otalu Otalu Jr. uduak akpabio Matthew Onyema Agu Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Basic and Applied Sciences Federal Polytechnic Bali Nigeria Department of Basic and Applied Sciences Federal Polytechnic Bali Nigeria Department of Veterinary Public Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria

Introduction: A study on the current status of parasitic intestinal helminthes and the efficacy of anthelmintic drug was carried out among primary school pupils at Community Primary School Ogurugu, Uzo-Uwani Local Government Area, Enugu State. Objectives: The research was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of human intestinal helminthes among primary school pupils, and also to determine the prevalence in relation to age and sex, and to check the efficacy of anthelmintic drug (Levamisole) on the worms, in Ogurugu Uzo-Uwani Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria. Methods: A total of 242 faecal samples were collected randomly from the school children and analyzed using standard parasitological procedures. Results: Data obtained showed an overall prevalence of 143 (59.1%) out of 242 samples and that the efficacy of anthelmintic drug Ergamisole? (Levamisole R12564;Unicure *** India) 50 mg in reducing the worm burden was 99 (82.5%) in 120 samples treated. Age related prevalence and efficacy of anthelmintic varied across the sample groups. There was no significant difference in sex related infections in the sample group (P > 0.5). The efficacy of the drug reduces with the increase in age. Also the efficacy of Levamisole drug in reducing the worm burden were hookworm 59 (89.5%), Ascaris 24 (85.7%), Trichuris 26 (78.6%) while Taenia and Strongyloides showed drug resistance. This indicates that a single dose of the medication is not enough for total elimination of these endo parasites. Conclusion: The study revealed that poor hygienic practices as well as unsanitary conditions were responsible for high prevalence recorded in the area, and advocated health education through primary health care and mass deworming of primary school children as control measures.

关键词： Prevalence Anthelmintic Levamisole Children Ascaris lumbricoides Trichuris trichiura

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Comparison of the thermal properties of clay samples as potential walling material for naturally cooled building design

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第1期15卷 65-68页

作者： SUNDAY E.ETUK IDARA O.akpabio E.M.UDOH Department of Physics University of UYO UYO Akwa Ibom State 尼日利亚

The thermal properties of different clay samples obtained from locations in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria were investigated and compared, and in order to establish their suitability as building material from energy conservation point of view. The results showed that stoneware clay has the highest solar radiation absorptivity of 22 32 m -1 while kaolin clay has the lowest radiation absoptivity of 14 46 m -1 A model for the prediction of temperature variation with thickness of the samples was developed. Results showed that kaolin would make the best choice for the design of a naturally cooled building.

关键词： thermal properties clay walling material naturally cooled building

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Artificial neural network model for predicting drill cuttings settling velocity

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Petroleum 2020年第4期6卷 340-352页

作者： Okorie E.Agwu Julius U.akpabio Adewale Dosunmu Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of UyoAkwa Ibom StateNigeria Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering University of PortHarcourtRivers StateNigeria

The traditional method of using the coefficient of drag–Reynolds number relationship to predict cuttings settling velocity involves an implicit procedure that requires repeated,time-consuming and tedious iterations using Newtonian or mostly non-Newtonian ***,these correlations are limited to certain fluid flow ***,most of the explicit and direct cuttings settling velocity models that exist are based on the assumption that the cuttings are spherical ***,in the field,the cuttings are a mixture of various shapes and are hardly spherical,hence these models when applied to field conditions come off with huge *** objective of this work was to use a nature-inspired algorithm(artificial neural network-ANN)to develop a model for estimating cuttings settling velocity that would be robust and useful in the field that would take into account the shape of the *** data used for this work was obtained from research experiments in the *** model was then evaluated using four performance metrics namely:mean squared error(MSE),root mean square error(RMSE),sum of squares error(SSE)and goodness of fit(R2).It was found that the model's predictions obtained in this work agreed with experimental ***,the developed model possesses the capacity to generalize across new input datasets and can be applied to particles of any shape,hence,defining the novelty of this research and bridging the gap between theory and *** compared with state-of-the-art models,the developed models show a high degree of robustness,as the ANN model performed reasonably well with an MSE of 7.5×10−4,an R2 of 0.978,RMSE of 0.0274 and SSE of *** generalize the results across new input datasets,the developed model was cross-validated with new data that was not part of the training *** was found that the ANN model had an MSE value 0.00807,RMSE of 0.0898,MAE of 0.065,SSE of 2.74 and MAPE of 0.675%.To ensure the replicabi

关键词： Drill cuttings Artificial neural network Mud Cuttings settling velocity

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Optimizing Utilization of Petroleum Coke in Nigerian Metallurgical Industry

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2011年第3期10卷 267-278页

作者： E.J. akpabio O.W. Obot Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering University of UyoUyo Nigeria. Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering University of Uyo UyoNigeria.

Utilization of petroleum coke in the rejuvenating Nigerian metallurgical industry is currently satisfied by importation from more industrialized nations of the world such as the USA, Brazil and Venezuela where delayed coking plants operate and grow in number. The sad years of poor planning have revealed lapses in integration and synergic planning of our industrial complex. The sources of petroleum coke feedstock have been identified and confirmed as atmospheric and vacuum residues of Nigerian refineries. Analysis has portrayed a symbiotic relationship between the metallurgical industry as one of the major end users of various petroleum coke grades, the shot coke, the sponge coke and the needle coke, and the petroleum industry on its part benefiting while providing ready market for steel sheet metals for even coke drum manufacture. This effort shall greatly increase the Nigerian content in these key industrial sectors, with the resultant reduction in capital flight through importation, if rethinking, and re-strategizing are injected into our industrial planning, and revamps models. Redesign options of existing refineries and reengineering of newly proposed refineries should contain resid processing units such as Delayed Coking Plant which will deepen conversion of residual petroleum feed stocks and produce various petroleum coke grades for utilization in power generation sector and our growing metallurgical and electrode industries.

关键词： petroleum coking plant ore residue cracking

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Allowable Bearing Capacity for Shallow Foundation in Eket Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Southern Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第10期4卷 1491-5000页

作者： Joseph Gordian Atat Idara Okon akpabio Nyakno Jimmy George Department of Physics Akwa Ibom State University Ikot Akpaden Nigeria Department of Physics University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria

P-wave and S-wave velocities were obtained from seismic refraction survey in the foundation layer of Eket, the study area. The Tezcan’s approach discussed extensively in the work was used in conjunction with the existing mathematical relations between elastic parameters and seismic refraction velocities for the study of foundation layers in the study area. Based on the results, the elastic constants, allowable bearing pressure/capacity, ultimate bearing capacity and other parameters in Table 1 were determined. The result shows that allowable bearing pressure increases with increase in shear modulus and shear wave velocity. The empirical relation between allowable bearing capacity and shear modulus shows that the allowable bearing capacity increases with depth. Comparing our findings with some ranges of safe allowable bearing capacities of similar non cohesive/granular soils in literatures, the second layer with allowable bearing capacity range of 72.56 - 206.63 kN·m-2?(average = 154.78 kN·m-2) has been considered to be the safe shallow engineering foundation in the study area. The empirical relations between allowable bearing capacities shear modulus and shear wave velocity, in conjunction with the inferred maps, which serve as our findings, will be used as guide in the location of foundations. The inferred ultimate and allowable capacities correlate maximally for the two shallow foundations penetrated by the seismic waves. This perfect correlation reflects the uniqueness of the method.

关键词： Allowable Bearing Pressure Ultimate Failure P-Wave Velocity S-Wave Velocity Shear Modulus

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Nanotechnology in Cosmetics: Basics, Current Trends and Safety Concerns—A Review

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2020年第1期9卷 1-22页

作者： Daniel Ekpa Effiong Timma Otobong Uwah Edidiong Udofa Jumbo Akwaowo Elijah akpabio Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria Pharmaceutical Microbiology Unit Department of Pharmaceutics University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria Department of Clinical and Biopharmacy University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria

As nanotechnology finds new applications, the formulation and use of nano-particulate structures in the production of cosmetics and cosmeceuticals keeps increasing. Nano-sized materials such as cubosomes, nanodots, liposomes, dendrimers, nano-emulsions are now becoming regular ingredients in the cosmetic space. These nanoparticle-based cosmetics or nano-cosmeceuticals have extended the boundaries of the applications of cosmetics in managing conditions of wrinkling, dehydrated and inelastic skin associated with aging and dispersed hyperpigmentation. With so many claims by giant cosmetic manufacturers on the several possibilities achievable by such products containing these, there remain valid questions needing answers. Such includes: what are the actual facts as opposed to unfounded expectations on use of nano-materials in cosmetics? What are the peculiar properties of Nano-sized structures? Any potential or actual health risks associated with nanoparticle-incorporated cosmetic products? What roles are the regulating authorities and academic researchers playing in the light of all these developments? This review attempts to answer these questions, taking a look at the updates on nano-sized materials used in cosmetics, while presenting actual advances made in nano-cosmetics amidst the seemingly not too obvious hidden risks.

关键词： Nanotechnology Nanoparticles Cosmetics Nano-Cosmeceuticals Safety Concerns

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Factors associated with mortality in neonatal surgical emergencies in a developing tertiary hospital in Nigeria

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第3期3卷 231-235页

作者： Iniabasi U. Ilori akpabio M. Ituen Catherine S. Eyo Department of Anaesthesia University of Uyo Teaching Hospital Uyo Nigeria Department of Surgery University of Uyo Teaching Hospital Uyo Nigeria

Background: The outcome of neonatal surgery depends on safe anaesthesia, competent surgery and good nursing care. The University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria, established in February 2008, has specialist anaesthetic and surgical manpower. The aim of the study was to determine the outcome and contributing factors to mortality in neonatal surgical emergencies at this new tertiary health institution. Method: It was a retrospective descriptive study of neonates that underwent emergency surgery at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital between June 2008 and May 2011. Data was obtained from the anaesthetic register, ward admission and discharged register, nurses report books and patient case files. Results: Forty-five neonates were operated upon during the three year period. There were 28 males and 17 females with a male to female ratio of 1.7:1. Forty-four (97.8%) of the neonates were referred to the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. The mean age and body weight at presentation were 47.5 ± 44.4 hours and 2.65 ± 0.61 kg respectively. The mean interval between admission and surgical intervention was 4.9 ± 6.2 days. Malformations of the gut (40%) and anterior abdominal wall (26.7%) were the major pathologies. The overall mortality following surgery was 62.2%. Case fatality rates ranged from 0% for Hirschprung’s disease to 100% for tracheoesophageal fistula. The immediate causes of death among these neonates were peritonitis from gangrenous gut, hypovolaemia and repeat surgery. Contributing factors to mortality were delivery in unorthodox health facilities, delay in presentation as well as surgical intervention and inefficient postoperative monitoring. Conclusion: Emergency neonatal surgeries at the UUTH are associated with unacceptable high mortality. Reduction in such mortality would require campaign for early presentation, a lot more timely surgical interventions and upgrading of monitoring facili- ties to help in improving perioperative monitoring and care.

关键词： Neonatal Surgeries Emergencies Delays High Mortality Rate

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Immunological effect of aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina and a known immune booster called immunace and their admixtures on HIV/AIDS clients:a comparative study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第3期2卷 181-184页

作者： Momoh MA Muhamed U Agboke AA akpabio EI Uduma Eke Osonwa Department of Pharmaceutics University of Nigeria Nsukka Department of Chemistry Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology University of Uyo

Objective:To investigate the immunological effect of Vernonia amygdalina(***) leaf extract and immunace on HIV infected patients taking highly active antiretrwiral therapy. Methods:Fresh *** leaves were collected within Nsukka area in Enugu *** leaves were rinsed with distilled *** handful of cleaned fresh leaves were soaked in 200 mL water and squeezed gently by hand to a *** were divided into four groups and each group was given different *** took the medication for four *** immune effect was tested against marketed immune booster in some retroviral ***:The mean absolute CD4 count was increased in the client who took the extract or *** the clients who took both the extract and supplement had a greater increase in the CD4 *** increased CD4 was significant as compared with the control group(P<0.05).The skin rashes were also improved in the entire ***:It can be concluded that the aqueous extract of *** and immunace or both have immunological effect on HIV infected patients. Therefore,we suggest that the *** extract or immunace or both could be used as adjuvant in the management of HIV/AIDS clients.

关键词： CD4^(+) cell Immune Vernonia amygdalina HIV/AIDS Antiretroviral therapy Immunological effect Immunace®

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Solutions of Schrödinger Equation with Generalized Inverted Hyperbolic Potential

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Journal of Modern Physics 2012年第12期3卷 1849-1855页

作者： Akpan N. Ikot Eno J. Ibanga Oladunjoye A. Awoga Louis E. akpabio Akaninyene D. Antia Theoretical Physics Group Department of Physics University of Uyo-Nigeria Uyo Nigeria

The bound state solutions of the Schr?dinger equation with generalized inverted hyperbolic potential using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method are reported. We obtain the energy spectrum and the wave functions with this potential for arbitrary l-state. It is shown that the results of this potential reduced to the standard potentials—Rosen-Morse, Poschl-Teller and Scarf potential as special cases. We also discussed the energy equation and the wave function for these special cases.

关键词： Schrodinger Equation Inverted Hyperbolic Potential Nikiforov-Uvarov Method

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