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Unsteady Inflow Effects on the Wake Shed from a High-Lift LPT Blade Subjected to Boundary Layer Laminar Separation

Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第2期21卷 97-108页

作者： Francesca Satta marina ubaldi Pietro Zunino Università degli Studi di Genova

An experimental investigation on the near and far wake of a cascade of high-lift low-pressure turbine blades subjected to boundary layer separation over the suction side surface has been carried out, under steady and unsteady inflows. Two Reynolds number conditions, representative of take-off/landing and cruise operating conditions of the real engine, have been tested. The effect of upstream wake-boundary layer interaction on the wake shed from the profile has been investigated in a three-blade large-scale linear turbine cascade. The comparison between the wakes shed under steady and unsteady inflows has been performed through the analysis of mean velocity and Reynolds stress components measured at midspan of the central blade by means of a two-component crossed miniature hot-wire probe. The wake development has been analyzed in the region between 2% and 100% of the blade chord from the central blade trailing edge, aligned with the blade exit direction. Wake integral parameters, half-width and maximum velocity defects have been evaluated from the mean velocity distributions to quantify the modifications induced on the vane wake by the upstream wake. Moreover the thicknesses of the two wake shear layers have been considered separately in order to identify the effects of Reynolds number and incoming flow on the wake shape. The self-preserving state of the wake has been looked at, taking into account the different thicknesses of the two shear layers. The evaluation of the power density spectra of the velocity fluctuations allowed the study of the wake unsteady behavior, and the detection of the effects induced by the different operating conditions on the trailing edge vortex shedding.

关键词： Wake-wake unsteady interaction high-lift blade profiles low-pressure turbine blade wake.

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An Experimental Investigation of the Dissipation Mechanisms in the Suction Side Boundary Layer of a Turbine Blade

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第4期17卷 289-297页

作者： Francesca Satta Daniele Simoni marina ubaldi Pietro Zunino Dipartimento di Macchine Sistemi Energetici e Trasporti-Università di Genova

The present work is part of an extensive experimental activity carried out by the authors in recent years aimed at investigating the boundary layer transition phenomenon in turbine blades. The large scale of the cascade and the use of advanced LDV instrumentation and precision probe traversing mechanism resulted in high degree of spatial resolution and high accuracy of measurements. The main dissipation mechanism determining the profile losses in turbomachinery blades is the work of deformation of the mean motion within the boundary layer operated by both viscous and turbulent shear stresses. In the present paper, the local viscous and turbulent deformation works have been directly evaluated from the detailed measurements of boundary layer mean velocity and Reynolds shear stress. The results show the distributions and the relative importance of the viscous and turbulent contributions to the loss production, in relation with the boundary layer states occurring along the turbine profile.

关键词： Axial flow turbines Profile boundary layer Energy dissipation mechanism Boundary layer transition Laser Doppler measurements.

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Large Eddy Simulation of the By-pass Transition Process under Different Inlet Turbulence Conditions

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第6期30卷 2112-2121页

作者： BARSI Dario COSTA Carlo LENGANI Davide SIMONI Daniele ubaldi marina DIME-University of Genova Via Montallegro 11-16145 GenovaItaly

The transition process of the boundary layer developing over a flat plate with elevated inlet Free Stream Turbulence Intensity(FSTI)has been studied by means of Large Eddy Simulation(LES).To this purpose,four cases with different inflow disturbances have been tested varying the magnitude and the length scale of *** has been performed by using the finite-volume ANSYS Fluent *** computational domain,which was constituted by a rectangular domain with a zero thickness plate,was based on an ERCOFTAC test case in order to provide a validation with a well-known set of data by comparing the boundary layer integral parameters and mean and fluctuating streamwise velocity *** four cases were discussed within the paper by looking at classical statistical properties as well as advanced post-processing *** was shown that the decrease in the free stream turbulence level postpones the transition location,whereas the variation of the integral length scale has a very low influence on the distribution of the time-mean flow *** Orthogonal Decomposition(POD)has been applied to the instantaneous LES flow fields in order to provide a statistical representation of the structures responsible for transition and their response to free-stream turbulence intensity and length *** presence of vortical filaments parallel to the wall,typically referred as boundary layer streaks,is clearly identified;their characteristic dimensions and how they change as a function of FSTI properties were analyzed within the paper.

关键词： by-pass transition Large Eddy Simulation(LES) Proper Orthogonal Decomposition(POD) boundary layer streaks

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Experimental Analysis of the Aerodynamic Performance of an Innovative Low Pressure Turbine Rotor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第1期25卷 22-31页

作者： Infantino Daniele Satta Francesca Simoni Daniele ubaldi marina Zunino Pietro Bertini Francesco DIME-Universita degli Studi di Genova Via MontaUegro 11-16145 GenovaItaly Avio Aero Viale I Maggio 56I-10040 Rivalta(TO)-Italy

In the present work the aerodynamic performances of an innovative rotor blade row have been experimentally investigated. Measurements have been carried out in a large scale low speed single stage cold flow facility at a Reynolds number typical of aeroengine cruise, under nominal and off-design conditions. The time-mean blade aerodynamic loadings have been measured at three radial positions along the blade height through a pressure transducer installed inside the hollow shaft, by delivering the signal to the stationary frame with a slip ring. The time mean aerodynamic flow fields upstream and downstream of the rotor have been measured by means of a five-hole probe to investigate the losses associated with the rotor. The investigations in the single stage research turbine allow the reproduction of both wake-boundary layer interaction as well as vortex-vortex interaction. The detail of the present results clearly highlights the strong dissipative effects induced by the blade tip vortex and by the momentum defect as well as the turbulence production, which is generated during the migration of the stator wake in the rotor passage. Phase-locked hot-wire investigations have been also performed to analyze the time-varying flow during the wake passing period. In particular the interaction between stator and rotor structures has been investigated also under off-design conditions to further explain the mechanisms contributing to the loss generation for the different conditions.

关键词： Low Pressure Turbine Single Stage Research Turbine Rotor Aerodynamic Loading Hot-wire Anemometry

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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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Universal Enveloping Algebras of Simple Symplectic Anti-Jordan Triple Systems

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Algebra Colloquium 2015年第2期22卷 281-292页

作者： marina Tvalavadze University of Toronto (Mississauga Campus) Mathematical and Computational Sciences3359 Mississauga Rd. N Mississauga ON L5L 1C6 Canada

In this work we axe concerned with the universal associative envelope of a finite-dimensional simple symplectic anti-Jordan triple system （AJTS）. We prove that if T is a triple system as above, then there exists an associative algebra U（T） and an injective homomorphism ε ： T→ U（T）, where U（T） is an AJTS under the triple product defined by （a, b, c） = abc- cba. Moreover, U（T） is a universal object with respect to such homomorphisms. We explicitly determine the PBW-basis of U（T）, the center Z（U（T）） and the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of U（T）.

关键词： anti-Jordan triple systems universal enveloping algebras central elements,PBW-bases

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Targeting the motor cortex to restore walking after incomplete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1489-1490页

作者： marina Martinez Département de Neurosciences Groupe de recherche sur la Signalisation Neurale et la Circuiterie and Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur le Cerveau au service de l’ApprentissageUniversitéde MontréalCIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-MontréalMontréalQCCanada

Spinal cord injury(SCI),second only to stroke,is the leading cause of *** ability to walk is often lost after SCI,reducing independence and quality of *** of walking is cited as a priority among persons with SCI of all degrees of severity,chronicity,or age at *** 70%of SCIs are anatomically incomplete,some neural connections relaying information to and from the brain are spared.

关键词： incomplete paralysis injury

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High-resolution Fourier spectroscopy as a tool for studying quality of rare-earth-doped crystals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2014年第3期32卷 230-235页

作者： marina N.Popova Institute of Spectroscopy Russian Academy of Sciences 5 Fizicheskaya Str. 142190 Troitsk Moscow Russia

Three examples were considered of the use of high resolution Fourier-transform optical spectroscopy for studying quality of rare-earth-doped crystals. The first example was connected with defects present in crystals grown by flux techniques. The second example dealt with detection of stresses and deformations in rare-earth-containing crystals, by registering splitting of spectral lines. The third example showed that a very small amount （at the level ofppm） of different RE ions present in a crystal could be determined using high-resolution spectroscopy. This work was carried out by the author＇s group in collaboration with several institutions in Rus- sia and abroad.

关键词： Fourier-transform optical spectroscopy high resolution absorption spectra rare earths

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CSPP1 preserves quiescent microtubule functions by dual-end capping

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2024年第5期16卷 1-2页

作者： marina Mapelli European Institute of Oncology IRCCS 20139 MilanoItaly

Microtubules(MTs)are cytoskeletal filaments composed of polarized arrays of globularα/β-tubulin dimers organized as hollow *** to this arrangement,MTs are mechanically rigid and can assemble into large intracellular structures that serve diverse cellular *** dividing cells,MTs organize bipolar mitotic spindles,ensuring equal segregation of sister chromatids and cor-rect placement of daughter cells into the tissue(Gudimchuk and McIntosh,2021;Lechler and Mapelli,2021).

关键词： functions. dividing preserve

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Myelinosome organelles in pathological retinas: ubiquitous presence and dual role in ocular proteostasis maintenance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1009-1016页

作者： marina G.Yefimova Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry Russian Academy of SciencesSt-PetersburgRussia Laboratoire STIM CNRS ERL 7003 Universitéde PoitiersPoitiersFrance

The timely and efficient elimination of aberrant proteins and damaged organelles, formed in response to various genetic and environmental stressors, is a vital need for all cells of the body. Recent lines of evidence point out several non-classical strategies employed by ocular tissues to cope with aberrant constituents generated in the retina and in the retinal pigmented epithelium cells exposed to various stressors. Along with conventional strategies relying upon the intracellular degradation of aberrant constituents through ubiquitin-proteasome and/or lysosome-dependent autophagy proteolysis, two non-conventional mechanisms also contribute to proteostasis maintenance in ocular tissues. An exosome-mediated clearing and a myelinosome-driven secretion mechanism do not require intracellular degradation but provide the export of aberrant constituents and “waste proteins” outside of the cells. The current review is centered on the non-degradative myelinosome-driven secretion mechanism, which operates in the retina of transgenic Huntington’s disease R6/1 model mice. Myelinosome-driven secretion is supported by rare organelles myelinosomes that are detected not only in degenerative Huntington’s disease R6/1 retina but also in various pathological states of the retina and of the retinal pigmented epithelium. The intra-retinal traffic and inter-cellular exchange of myelinosomes was discussed in the context of a dual role of the myelinosome-driven secretion mechanism for proteostasis maintenance in different ocular compartments. Special focus was made on the interplay between degradative and non-degradative strategies in ocular pathophysiology, to delineate potential therapeutic approaches to counteract several vision diseases.

关键词： autophagy Huntington’s disease Müller cells myelinosome-driven secretion myelinosomes ocular pathophysiology proteostasis retina retinal pigmented epithelium ubiquitin-proteasome system

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