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impacts of Pi3K/protein kinase B pathway activation.i. reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-núñez María Fernanda González Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile instituto de Cien.i.s Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influen.i.g the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(Pi3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogen.i.y of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the Pi3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/Pi3K/AKT/connexin 43,and notch/Pi3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the Pi3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the Pi3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

Sex differences in aging and injured brain

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2901-2902页

作者： Jordan n.Williamson Yuan Yang University of illin.i. Urbana-Champaign Grainger College of EngineeringDepartment of BioengineeringUrbanaILUSA Carle Foundation Hospital Stephenson Family Clinical Research InstituteClinical Imaging Research CenterUrbanaILUSA University of illin.i. Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUrbanaILUSA northwestern University Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement SciencesChicagoILUSA

Background:The prevalence,age of onset,and symptomatology of traumatic brain.i.jury,stroke,and neurodegenerative diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Hun.i.gton’s disease)differ substan.i.lly between males and *** higher prevalence of these brain disorders has been attributed to females having a greater longevity compared with *** one of the greatest risk factors of acquired brain.i.jury(such as stroke,traumatic brain.i.jury caused by fall)and neurodegenerative disease is age.

关键词： Hun.i.gton prevalence traumatic

Astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, and glial scar formation.i. traumatic brain.i.jury

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 973-989页

作者： María Belén Cieri Alberto Javier Ramos Laboratorio de neuropatología Molecular IBCN UBA-CONICETFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Traumatic brain.i.jury is a global health crisis,causing significant death and disability *** that follows traumatic brain.i.jury has serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive impairments,with astrocytes involved in this *** traumatic brain.i.jury,astrocytes rapidly become reactive,and astrogliosis propagates from the injury core to distant brain *** astroglial proteins are downregulated near the traumatic brain.i.jury core,while pro-inflammatory astroglial genes are *** altered gene expression.i. con.i.ered a pathological remodeling of astrocytes that produces serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive *** addition,glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes is initially necessary to limit immune cell in.i.tration,but in the long term impedes axonal reconnection and functional *** therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain.i.jury are focused on preven.i.g acute ***,cannabin.i.s,progesterone,beta-blockers,and cerebrolysin demonstrate neuroprotective benefits but most of them have not been studied in the context of *** this review,we discuss the cell signaling pathways activated in reactive astrocytes following traumatic brain.i.jury and we discuss some of the poten.i.l new strategies aimed to modulate astroglial responses in traumatic brain.i.jury,especially using cell-targeted strategies with miRnAs or lncRnA,viral vectors,and repurposed drugs.

关键词： astrocyte glial scar innate immunity neuroinflammation stab injury Toll-like receptors

Making bridges between preclinical and clinical in.i.hts into age-related cognitive decline

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2321-2322页

作者： David VC Brito Clévio nóbrega Algarve Biomedical Center-Research institute(ABC-Ri) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Algarve Biomedical Center-(ABC) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences(FMCB) University of AlgarveGambelas CampusFaroPortugal

With people living longer,the societal impact of age-related cognitive decline is becoming more pronounced(Crimmins,2015).Thus,it is increasingly important to comprehend the cognitive shifts linked to aging-whether th... 详细信息

关键词： bridges becoming in.i.ht

THERMAL iMAGinG STUDY OF SCALAR TRAnSPORT in SHALLOW WAKES

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2012年第1期24卷 17-24页

作者： CHOnG K.J.Y ukthusy.nthan n.i. LiAnG Dong-fang TAnG Hong-wu Department of En.i.eering University of CambridgeCambridge KW Ltd FetchamSurreyUK College of Water Conservancy and i tydropowcr En.i.eering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

The thermal imaging technique relies on the usage of infrared signal to detect the temperature *** temperature as a flow tracer,thermography is used to investigate the scalar transport in the shallow-water wake generated by an emergent circular *** imaging is demonstrated to be a good quan.i.ative flow visualization technique for studying turbulent mixing phenomena in shallow waters.A key advantage of the thermal imaging method over other scalar measurement techniques,such as the Laser induced Fluorescence（LiF）and Planar Concentration Analysis（PCA）methods,is that it involves a very simple experimental *** dispersion characteristics captured with this technique are found to be similar to past studies with traditional measurement techniques.

关键词： en.i.onmental hydraulics shallow wake turbulent mixing thermal imaging vortex street

Amyloid-beta pathology-induced nanoscale synaptic disruption:the case of the GABA_B-GiRK assembly

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1409-1410页

作者： Rafael Lujan Alejandro Martín-Belmonte Sergi Ferré Fran.i.co Ciruela Synaptic Structure Laboratory Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM(IB-UCLM)Departamento de Ciencias MédicasInstituto de Investigación en Salud de Castilla-La Mancha(IDISCAM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioC/AlmansaAlbaceteSpain integrative neurobiology Section National Institute on Drug AbuseIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA Pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaNeuropharmacology&Pain GroupNeuroscience ProgramBellvitge Institute for Biomedical ResearchL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an.i.balance between excitatory and in.i.itory brain networks,leading to aberrant homeostatic synaptic *** has progressively been recognized as syna ptopathy and syna ptic dysfunction has been.i.en.i.ied as a key component of its pathogenesis (Schirin.i.et al.,2020).Syna ptic dysfunction.i. believed to precede synapse loss,a primary biological correlate of cognitive decline in AD,inevita bly associated with neuronal death.

关键词： Alzheimer pathology

Dynamic Verification of newton's Law and the Prin.i.al Limits in Measuring intermediate-Range Forces

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Chinese Physics Letters 1991年第12期8卷 607-610页

作者： Kolosnitsyn n.i. LUO Jun Melnikov V.n. Huaxhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074

According to the controversial results of recent experiments for fifth force,we present a clasaiEcation of all poasibk types of theories leading to non-newtonian *** theoretical analysis shows that if the interaction poten.i.l differs from the newton's law the interactions of macro-and micro-bodies are in gen-eral dis£*** calculation also shows that Long's result can be improved by several orders if the new method proposed is used.

关键词： newtonian orders interaction

nano-Enhanced Dairy Scum Biodiesel Blends:Unleashing the Power of Aluminium Oxide for Sustainable and Efficient En.i.e Performance

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期 283-302页

作者： Veeranna MODi Prasad B.RAMPURE Sunil Kumar SHETTY Madeva nAGARAL Channa Keshava n.i. n Johar MGM Muhammad irsyad ABDULLAH Abdullah i.AL-MAnSOUR Shamshad ALAM KLE College of En.i.eering and Technology ChikodiVisvesvaraya Technological University nitte (Deemed to be University) NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT)Department of Mechanical Engineering Aircraft Research and Design Centre HAL Department of Mechanical En.i.eering BGS College of Engineering and TechnologyBengaluruAffiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Management and Science University Department of Civil En.i.eering College of EngineeringKing Saud University

This study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticlesaddition to biodiesel blends made from dairy milk scum on performance and combustion characteristics of the diesel *** dispersion of Al2O3nanoparticles in B20 blends at different concentrations was done with the help of *** number of blends were prepared for the *** Machine learning algorithms(Random Forest（RF）and CatBoost) was used for the *** results show that in comparison to biodiesel blends without nanoparticles,the kinematic viscosity and den.i.y is higher for fuel blends with *** these Fuel blends have higher calorific *** blends exhibited reduced Brake Specific Fuel Consumption（BSFC） of2.85% than the blends without nano particles(Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel 20%+neat Diesel 80%（in volume）,DSMEB20),57.14% less CO,40.8% less hydrocarbon,and increased nOxemissions compared to conven.i.nal diesel,contributing to the development of en.i.onmentally friendly and renewable biofuel blends with *** B20nP30 is the optimal blend for performance and emission *** study concludes with fin.i.gs on enhanced Brake Thermal Efficiency（BTE） of 26.29% in 3×10-5（in volume） Al2O3nanoparticle-blended DSME B20 and other DSME B20 fuel blends,emphasizing the importance of optimal nanoparticle *** correlation matrix shows how en.i.e load,efficiency measures（BTE,BSFC）,and emissions（CO,CO2,nOx,Smoke） are connected in complex *** results help us understand the complicated dynamics of en.i.e performance and emission characteristics ***'s diagram for BTE and BSFC shows that CatBoost-based BTE models perform superior to RF-based models during the training as well as testing *** results were obtained for CO and CO2emission results.

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Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles:challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1997-1998页

作者： Paz Cartas-Cejudo Adriana Cortés Mercedes Lachén-Montes Elena Anaya-Cubero Joaquín Fernández-irigoyen En.i.ue Santamaría Clinical neuroproteomics Unit Proteomics PlatformNavarrabiomedHospitalario Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Universidad Pública de Navarra(UPNA)IdiSNANavarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain

Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles-challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration:neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive degeneration and loss of neuronal function.i. the central nervous *** diseases are often characterized as proteinopathies,which are disorders primarily driven by the aggregation or misfolding of specific amyloid proteins within cells,leading to their dysfunction and eventual *** the gain-of-function hypothesis related to the aggregation of these proteins,recently,an alternative hypothesis regarding the loss-of-function of the soluble monomeric proteins during the process of aggregation.i.to amyloids is gaining *** last event is called proteinopenia and refers to con.i.ions characterized by a deficiency or decrease in the levels of specific soluble proteins in the body(Ezzat et al.,2023).it has been demonstrated that levels of soluble proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases are decreased.

关键词： diseases drug amyloid