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Harnessing innate immune pathways for therapeutic advancement in cancer

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1506-1564页

作者： Ankang hu Li Sun Hao Lin Yuheng Liao hui Yang Ying Mao Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Institute for Translational Brain Research Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan University ShanghaiPR.China National Center for Neurological Disorders Huashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of NeurosurgeryNeurosurgical Institute of Fudan UniversityHuashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institutes of Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism(Ministry of Science and Technology)and Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine(Ministry of Education)and Molecular and Cell Biology LabInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China

The innate immune pathway is receiving increasing attention in cancer *** pathway is ubiquitous across various cell types,not only in innate immune cells but also in adaptive immune cells,tumor cells,and stromal *** targeting the innate immune pathway have shown profound changes in the tumor microenvironment(TME)and improved tumor prognosis in preclinical ***,to date,the clinical success of drugs targeting the innate immune pathway remains ***,recent studies have shown that activation of the innate immune pathway can paradoxically promote tumor *** uncertainty surrounding the therapeutic effectiveness of targeted drugs for the innate immune pathway is a critical issue that needs immediate *** this review,we observe that the role of the innate immune pathway demonstrates heterogeneity,linked to the tumor development stage,pathway status,and specific cell *** propose that within the TME,the innate immune pathway exhibits multidimensional *** diversity is fundamentally rooted in cellular heterogeneity and is manifested as a variety of signaling *** pro-tumor effect of innate immune pathway activation essentially reflects the suppression of classical pathways and the activation of potential pro-tumor alternative *** our understanding of the tumor's innate immune pathway network and employing appropriate targeting strategies can enhance our ability to harness the anti-tumor potential of the innate immune pathway and ultimately bridge the gap from preclinical to clinicalapplication.

关键词： drugs therapeutic innate

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Effect of ginger Effect of ginger on gastric motility and symptoms of functional dyspepsiaon gastric motility and symptoms of functional dyspepsia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第1期17卷 105-110页

作者： Ming-Luen hu Christophan K Rayner Keng-Liang Wu Seng-Kee Chuah Wei-Chen Tai Yeh-Pin Chou Yi-Chun Chiu King-Wah Chiu tsung-hui hu Division of Hepatogastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Kaohsiung Medical Center Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 83301 Taiwan Discipline of Medicine University ofAdelaide Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide SA 5000 Australia

AIM:To evaluate the effects of ginger on gastric motility and emptying,abdominal symptoms,and hormones that influence motility in ***:Eleven patients with functional dyspepsia were studied twice in a randomized double-blind *** an 8-h fast,the patients ingested three capsules that contained ginger(total 1.2 g) or placebo,followed after 1 h by 500 mL low-nutrient *** area,fundus area and diameter,and the frequency of antral contractions were measured using ultrasound at frequent intervals,and the gastric half-emptying time was calculated from the change in antral *** sensations and appetite were scored using visual analog questionnaires,and blood was taken for measurement of plasma glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1),motilin and ghrelin concentrations,at intervals throughout the ***:Gastric emptying was more rapid after ginger than placebo [median(range) half-emptying time 12.3(8.5-17.0) min after ginger,16.1(8.3-22.6) min after placebo,P ≤ 0.05].There was a trend for more antral contractions(P = 0.06),but fundus dimensions and gastrointestinal symptoms did not differ,nor did serum concentrations of GLP-1,motilin and ***:Ginger stimulated gastric emptying and antral contractions in patients with functional dyspepsia,but had no impact on gastrointestinal symptoms or gut peptides.

关键词：消化不良胃运动生姜症状 ghrelin 排空时间胃肠蠕动血药浓度

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Optimizing magnetoelastic properties by machine learning and high-throughput micromagnetic simulation

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2251-2262页

作者： Jian-hu Gong Zheng-Ming Zhang Cheng-Liang Zhang Peng-Qiang hu Chao Zhou Dun-hui Wang Sen Yang Division of Microelectronic Materials and Devices Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China School of Physics MOEKey Laboratory forNonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing210093China

Magnetoelastic couplings in giant magnetostrictive materials(GMMs)attract significant interests due to their extensive applications in the fields of spintronics and energy harvesting *** the role of the selection of materials and the response to external fields is essential for attaining desired functionality of a ***,machine learning(ML)models are conducted to predict saturation magnetostrictions(λ_(s))in RFe_(2)-type(R=rare earth)GMMs with different *** to ML-predicted composition–λsrelations,it is discovered that the values ofλshigher than1100×10^(-6)are almost situated in the composition space surrounded by 0.26≤x≤0.60 and 1.90≤y≤2.00 for the ternary compounds of Tb_(x)Dy_(1-x)Fe_(y).Assisted by ML predictions,the compositions are further narrowed down to the space surrounded by 0.26≤x≤0.32 and 1.92≤y≤1.97 for the excellent piezomagnetic(PM)performance in the Tb_(x)Dy_(1-x)Fe_(y)based PM device through our developed high-throughput(HTP)micromagnetic simulation(MMS)***,high sensitivities up to10.22-13.61 m T·MPa^(-1)are observed in the optimized range within which the available experimental data fall *** work not only provides valuable insights toward understanding the mechanism of magnetoelastic couplings,but also paves the way for designing and optimizing highperformance magnetostrictive materials and PM sensing devices.

关键词： Magnetostriction Piezomagnetic effect Machine learning Micromagnetic simulation

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Causal associations between gastroesophageal reflux disease and essential hypertension: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第5期12卷 880-890页

作者： Ning Wei Ming-hui Liu Yu-hu Song Department of Gastroenterology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Clinical studies have reported that patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)have a higher prevalence of *** To performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis to investi-gate the causal link between GERD and essential *** Eligible single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were selected,and weighted median,inverse variance weighted(IVW)as well as MR egger(MR-Egger)re-gression were used to examine the potential causal association between GERD and *** MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier analysis was used to detect and attempt to reduce horizontal pleiotropy by removing outliers *** MR-Egger intercept test,Cochran’s Q test and“leave-one-out”sen-sitivity analysis were performed to evaluate the horizontal pleiotropy,heterogen-eities,and stability of single instrumental *** IVW analysis exhibited an increased risk of hypertension(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.33-1.59,P=2.14E-16)in GERD *** the same result was obtained in replication practice(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.0008-1.003,P=0.000498).Meanwhile,the IVW analysis showed an increased risk of systolic blood pressure(β=0.78,95%CI:0.11-1.44,P=0.021)and hypertensive heart disease(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.36-2.08,P=0.0000016)in GERD ***,we found an decreased risk of Barrett's esophagus(OR=0.91,95%CI:0.83-0.99,P=0.043)in essential hypertension *** We found that GERD would increase the risk of essential hypertension,which provided a novel prevent and therapeutic perspectives of essential hypertension.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Essential hypertension Hypertensive heart disease Mendelian randomization study

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The BTB/TAZ domain-containing protein CmBT1-mediated CmANR1 ubiquitination negatively regulates root development in chrysanthemum

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 285-299页

作者： Lian-Da Du Zhang-Ji Guan Yan-Hong Liu hui-Dong Zhu Quan Sun Da-Gang hu Cui-hui Sun Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit&Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China

Roots are fundamental for plants to adapt to variable environmental *** development of a robust root system is orchestrated by numerous genetic determinants and,among them,the MADS-box gene ANR1 has garnered substantial *** research has demonstrated that,in chrysanthemum,CmANR1positively regulates root system ***,the upstream regulators involved in the CmANR1-mediated regulation of root development remain *** this study,we successfully identified bric-a-brac,tramtrack and broad(BTB)and transcription adapter putative zinc finger(TAZ)domain protein CmBT1 as the interacting partner of CmANR1 through a yeasttwo-hybrid(Y2H)screening ***,we validated this physical interaction through bimolecular fluorescence complementation and pull-down *** assays revealed that CmBT1 exerted a negative influence on root development in *** both in vitro and in vivo assays,it was evident that CmBT1mediated the ubiquitination of CmANR1 through the ubiquitin/26S proteasome *** ubiquitination subsequently led to the degradation of the CmANR1 protein and a reduction in the transcription of CmANR1-targeted gene CmPIN2,which was crucial for root development in *** analysis suggested that CmBT1 modulated root development,at least in part,by regulating the level of CmANR1 ***,these findings shed new light on the regulatory role of CmBT1 in degrading CmANR1 through ubiquitination,thereby repressing the expression of its targeted gene and inhibiting root development in chrysanthemum.

关键词： chrysanthemum MADS-box transcription factor root development

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Microplastic and Heavy Metals Distributions in Urban Rivers Sediments,China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 1015-1025页

作者： SONG Dandan SHANG Yujun WANG Xiuli ZhuANG Yuwei GUO hui BI Shuping hu Jianjun High and New Technology Research Center of Henan Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou 450002China Henan Provincial Cartographic Institute Zhengzhou 450008China

This study investigated the distribution of microplastics and heavy metals,along with the interaction between the two in the sediments of urban rivers in *** showed that the abundance of microplastics ranged from 2412±187.5 to 7638±1312items kg^(-1)dry sediment across different survey stations,with an average abundance at(4388±713)items kg^(-1)dry *** further categorization,it was found that transparent fragments were the primary color and type of microplastics *** potential ecological risk index(RI)of heavy metals in sediments suggested a low level of ecological risk within a majority of the urban rivers *** was identified as the main potential ecological risk factor in the sediments of the studied *** was a relatively good significant linear relationship between the RI of heavy metals and the abundance of microplastics,bolstering the linkage between these two environmental ***,the concentrations of heavy metals in microplastics were not dependent on their corresponding contents in *** fact,the concentration of Cu,Cd,and As in microplastics were higher than those in the *** finding confirmed that microplastics could serve as carriers of heavy metals and introduce potential risks to aquatic wildlife and human through the food chain.

关键词： microplastic heavy metals risk assessment river sediments

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation and exogenous indole-3-acetic acid application induce antioxidant defense response to alleviate cadmium toxicity in Broussonetia papyrifera

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 447-459页

作者： Xue LI Jingwei LIANG Hongjian WEI Yuxuan KUANG hui CHEN Ming TANG Wentao hu State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGuangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant GermplasmCollege of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Cadmium(Cd)contamination in soil poses a huge threat to plants even at low concentrations;Broussonetia papyrifera has great potential in remediation of soil heavy metal ***,whether exogenous indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)application and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)have synergistic effects on Cd tolerance of *** remains *** investigate the effects of AMF inoculation and IAA application on the tolerance of *** to Cd stress,two experiments were conducted:the first to investigate the effect of AMF(Rhizophagus irregularis)inoculation on the tolerance of *** to Cd stress and the second to investigate the combined effects of AMF inoculation and IAA application on the tolerance of *** to Cd *** including endogenous hormone concentration,antioxidant defense response,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,and gene expression related to antioxidant enzyme system and hormone were *** results indicated that AMF alleviated Cd toxicity of *** by reducing MDA content and improving antioxidant enzyme activities and Cd absorption ***,the combination of AMF inoculation and IAA application had a synergetic effect on the tolerance of *** to Cd stress through upregulating BpAUX1 and BpAUX2,which might contribute to root growth and root xylem synthesis,and by upregulating BpSOD2 and BpPOD34 to enhance the antioxidant enzyme *** work provides a new insight into the application of IAA in the remediation of soil Cd pollution by mycorrhizal plants.

关键词： enzyme activity geneexpression heavy metal phytoremediation remediation Rhizophagus irregularis soil cadmium pollution stress tolerance

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Normalized glandular dose coefficients for digital breast tomosynthesis using detailed Chinese breast models

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 42-59页

作者： Jia-Hao Wang Rui Qiu An-Kang hu Ye-Qi Liu Zhen Wu hui Zhang Jun-Li Li Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Joint Institute of Tsinghua University Nuctech Company Limited BeijingBeijing 100084China

The rise in breast cancer diagnoses among Chinese women has necessitated the use of X-ray breast screening,which carries a radiation *** study aimed to provide a dosimetry protocol for the Chinese female population to replace the traditional standard that utilizes simplified breast models,for the accurate estimation of the mean glandular dose of a patient undergoing digital breast tomosynthesis(DBT).The first set of detailed Chinese female breast models and representative breast parameters was *** backscatter radiation and computational efficiency,we improved the combination of these models and the Chinese reference adult female whole-body voxel *** acquisition for four commercial DBT systems that are widely employed in China was simulated using the Monte Carlo method to obtain the normalized glandular dose coefficients of DBT(D_(gN)^(DBT))and the glandular depth dose(D_(g)^(dep)(z))for different breast characteristics and X-ray *** calculated a series of D_(gN)^(DBT) values for breasts with different percentage mass glandularities(5%,25%,50%,75%,and 100%)and compressed breast thicknesses(2,3,4,5,6,and 7 cm)at various tube potentials(25,28,30,32,35,and 49 kV)and target/filter combinations(W/Rh,W/Al,Mo/Mo,Rh/Rh,and Rh/Ag).The parameter dependence of the breast characteristics and beam conditions on D_(gN)^(DBT) in detailed breast models was *** D_(gN)^(DBT) results were 14.6-51.0%lower than those of the traditional dosimetry standard in *** difference in D_(gN)^(DBT) was mainly due to a decrease in the depth of the main energy deposition area caused by the glandular distribution along the depth *** results obtained in this study may be used to improve breast dosimetry in China and provide more detailed information on risk assessment during DBT.

关键词： Digital breast tomosynthesis Normalized glandular dose coefficients Detailed breast model Monte Carlo simulation

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Multi-area Frequency-constrained Unit Commitment for Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources and Induction Machine Load

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 754-766页

作者： Leibao Wang hui Fan Jifeng Liang Longxun Xu Tiecheng Li Peng Luo Bo hu Kaigui Xie the State Grid Hebei Electric Power Research Institute Shijiazhuang 050021China State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources(RESs)brings great challenges to the frequency security of power *** traditional frequency-constrained unit commitment(FCUC)analyzes frequency by simplifying the average system frequency and ignoring numerous induction machines(IMs)in load,which may underestimate the risk and increase the operational *** this paper,we consider a multiarea frequency response(MAFR)model to capture the frequency dynamics in the unit scheduling problem,in which regional frequency security and the inertia of IM load are modeled with high-dimension differential algebraic equations.A multi-area FCUC(MFCUC)is formulated as mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)on the basis of the MAFR ***,we develop a multi-direction decomposition algorithm to solve the MFCUC *** original MINLP is decomposed into a master problem and *** subproblems check the nonlinear frequency dynamics and generate linear optimization cuts for the master problem to improve the frequency security in its optimal *** studies on the modified IEEE 39-bus system and IEEE 118-bus system show a great reduction in operational ***,simulation results verify the ability of the proposed MAFR model to reflect regional frequency security and the available inertia of IMs in unit scheduling.

关键词： Decomposition algorithm frequency response frequency-constrained unit commitment induction machine multi-area mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)

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A high-performance electromagnetic energy harvester for scavenging ultra-low frequency vibration energy of human foot movement

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1391-1400页

作者： hu JiaJun QIAN Shuo WU hui hu DongXu NIU LiXin BI XiaoXue ZHANG Jie HOU XiaoJuan GENG WenPing MU JiLiang HE Jian CHOU XiuJian Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China School of Software North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China

In our daily lives,low-frequency kinetic energy primarily manifests as ***,effective harnessing of lowfrequency kinetic energy remains a formidable *** paper proposes a rope-driven rotor that rotates around an axis and consists of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)wire wrapped around a metal *** rotor can convert ultra-low frequency vibration/linear motion into rapid rotation by pressing the top at low frequencies and driving the rope for a quick *** harvester can generate up to 36.25 m W power using a 0.1-mm-diameter UHMWPE wire as the rotor when periodically pressed down to 20 mm at a frequency of 1 Hz.A simple power generation floor is assembled,generating 28.58-m W power with a matching load at a frequency of 1.5 ***,the harvester can increase the charging voltage of a 0.47-F supercapacitor from 0 to 6.8 V within 10 *** addition,the harvester can harvest energy through a light finger press motion,and the energy obtained can also support the continuous operation of multiple electronic devices *** study introduces an effective method for harvesting ultra-low frequency energy and has great prospects in the field of power generation floor and human movement energy harvesting.

关键词： electromagnetic energy harvester rope-shaft coupling structure human motion ultra-low frequency

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