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Influence of substrate surface roughness on light scattering of TiO2 optical thin films

Chinese Optics Letters 2013年第13期11卷 83-86页

作者： toshinori harada Hiroshi Murotani Shigeharu Matumoto Hiromitu Honda Course of Electro Photo Optics Graduate School of Engineering Tokai University Japan Sincron Co. Ltd. Japan

Optical thin films are used in many optical elements; however, light scattering can be problematic. We investigate the effect of substrate surface roughness on the light scattering of optical thin films. The substrates are classified according to their surface roughness, from fine to very rough, and coated with a single TiO2 layer or a SiO2/TiO2 multilayer. The light scattering intensity increases as the substrate roughness increases. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that the number of nodules formed in the optical thin films increases with the substrate roughness, which affects the light scattering properties.

关键词： Light scattering

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Assessment of the Water Quality in the Ariake Sea Using Principal Component Analysis

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第1期7卷 41-49页

作者： toshinori Tabata Kazuaki Hiramatsu Masayoshi harada Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

The aim of this study is to investigate the condition of the Ariake Sea, Japan, which has been suffering from severe environmental issues for the past few decades. Water quality data have been generated from several points in this area for over 30 years by the Fukuoka, Saga, Kumamoto, and Nagasaki prefectures. In order to understand the characteristics of this sea, principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized using 11 water quality parameters;transparency, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3--N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2--N), phosphate-phosphorus, (PO43--P) and silica. PCA conveyed the amount of nutrients originating from the river, the organic pollution level, and seasonal changes. Subsequently, principal component scores were calculated for each point. It was concluded that the Ariake Sea environment has been affected by two main factors, which are the nutrients from the Chikugo River and anticlockwise tidal residual flow. These two factors must be considered for the environmental restoration of the Ariake Sea.

关键词： Ariake Sea Principal Component Analysis Nutrients Anticlockwise Tidal Residual Flow

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