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Confidence interval of intrinsic optimum temperature estimated using thermodynamic SSI model

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Insect Science 2013年第3期20卷 420-428页

作者： Takaya ikemoto Issei Kurahashi Pei-Jian Shi Department of Microbiology Teikyo University School of Medicine Department of Planning Information and Management The University of Tokyo Hospital Tokyo Japan State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The intrinsic optimum temperature for the development of ectotherms is one of the most important factors not only for their physiological processes but also for ecolog- ical and evolutional processes. The Sharpe-Schoolfield-ikemoto （SSI） model succeeded in defining the temperature that can thermodynamically meet the condition that at a par- ticular temperature the probability of an active enzyme reaching its maximum activity is realized. Previously, an algorithm was developed by ikemoto （Tropical malaria does not mean hot environments. Journal of Medical Entomology, 45, 963-969） to estimate model parameters, but that program was computationally very time consuming. Now, investi- gators can use the SSI model more easily because a full automatic computer program was designed by Shi et al. （A modified program for estimating the parameters of the SSI model. Environmental Entomology, 40, 462-469）. However, the statistical significance of the point estimate of the intrinsic optimum temperature for each ectotherm has not yet been determined. Here, we provided a new method for calculating the confidence interval of the estimated intrinsic optimum temperature by modifying the approximate bootstrap confidence intervals method. For this purpose, it was necessary to develop a new program for a faster estimation of the parameters in the SSI model, which we have also done.

关键词： approximate bootstrap confidence intervals bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap percentiles development rate temperature

Why D-neuron? Importance in schizophrenia research

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2012年第4期2卷 393-398页

作者： Keiko ikemoto Department of Neuropsychiatry School of Medicine Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan

Recent pharmacological discovery on trace amine-associated receptor, type 1(TAAR1) has emphasized importance of trace amines in pathogenesis of psychoses, such as schizophrenia. TAAR1 has many ligands, including tyramine, β-phenylethylamine (PEA), amphetamines, and 3’-iodothyronamine. So-called D-neurons are putative producer of trace amines, endogenous ligands of TAAR1. The D-neuron is defined “the aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)-containing neuron, but not dopaminergic nor serotonergic”, i.e. not containing tyrosine hydroxylase nor tryptophan hydroxylase. AADC is an enzyme, also called dopa decarboxylase (DDC). The localization of D-neurons in the central nervous system has been specified into 15 groups, from the spinal cord (D1) to striatum (D15). We showed the decrease of D-neurons in D15 in postmortem brains of schizophrenia, where midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons are heavily innervated. Decrease of D-neurons may cause reduction of trace amines in the striatum, and may also decrease stimulation of TAAR1 on striatal terminals of ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons. This might increase firing frequency of VTA DA neurons, and causes DA hyperactivity in the striatum and nucleus accumbens. In the present article, the author introduces the novel theory, “D-cell hypothesis”, for mesolimbic DA hyperactivity of schizophrenia. Some clinical and/or experimental evidences that support this hypothesis are mentioned. The D-neuron, as a trace amine producer, is a clue for elucidating pathogenesis of psychoses, as well as human mental functions. Thus, signal transduction of D-neurons should be investigated.

关键词： Dopamine D-neuron Ventral Tegmental Area Schizophrenia TAAR1 Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decar-boxylase

D-Cell Hypothesis: Pathogenesis of Mesolimbic Dopamine Hyperactivity of Schizophrenia

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2012年第3期2卷 411-414页

作者： Keiko ikemoto Department of Neuropsychiatry Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine Fukushima Japan

In the present article, the author proposes a new “D-cell hypothesis” for mesolimbic dopamine (DA) hyperactivity of schizophrenia, of which relevant molecular mechanism has not yet been known. The “D-cell” is defined as “the non-monoaminergic aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)-containing cell”. The D-cell contains AADC but not dopaminergic nor serotonergic. D-cells produce trace amines, and also take up amine precursors and convert them to amines by decarboxylation. The author reported “dopa-decarboxylating neurons specific to the human striatum”, that is, “D-neurons” in the human striatum, and preliminarily the number reduction of D-neurons in the striatum and nucleus accumbens of postmortem brains of patients with schizophrenia. Trace amine-associated receptor, type 1 (TAAR1), a subtype of trace amine receptors, having a large number of ligands, including tyramine, β-phenylethylamine (PEA), and methamphetamine, is a target receptor for the latest neuroleptic discovery. Recent studies have shown that the decreased stimulation of TAAR1 on cell membranes or nerve terminals of DA neurons in the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) increased firing frequency of VTA DA neurons. In brains of schizophrenia, dysfunction of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of lateral ventricle may cause reduction of the number of D-neurons in the striatum and nucleus accumbens, and may result in decrease of trace amine synthesis. The decrease of stimulation of TAAR1 on terminals of VTA DA neurons caused by trace amine reduction may increase firing frequency of VTA DA neurons, and may finally cause mesolimbic DA hyperactivity. This innovative theory, “D-cell hypothesis” might explain mesolimbic DA hyperactivity in pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

关键词： Dopamine D-Neuron Ventral Tegmental Area Schizophrenia TAAR1

NSC-induced D-neurons are decreased in striatum of schizophrenia: Possible cause of mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity

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Stem Cell Discovery 2012年第2期2卷 58-61页

作者： Keiko ikemoto Department of Neuropsychiatry Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine Fukushima Japan

Neural stem cell (NSC) hypofunction is an etiological hypothesis of schizophrenia. Although dopamine (DA) dysfunction is also a widely accepted hypothesis, molecular background of mesolimbic DA hyperactivity has not yet been well known. Here, the author proposes “D-cell hypothesis”, accounting for molecular basis of mesolimbic DA hyperactivity of schizophrenia, by NSC hypofunction and decrease of putative NSC-induced D-cells. The “D-cell” is defined as “non-monoaminergic aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)-containing cell”. D-cells produce trace amines, and also take up amine precursors and convert them to amines by decarboxylation. The author reported “dopa-decarboxylating neurons specific to the human striatum”, that is, “D-neurons” in the human striatum, and decrease of striatal D-neurons in patients with schizophrenia. Trace amine-associated receptor, type 1 (TAAR1), a subtype of trace amine receptors, having a quite number of ligands such as tyramine, β-phenylethylamine (PEA) and methamphetamine, has modulating functions on monoamine neurons. It has been known that reduced binding of ligands to TAAR1 receptors on DA terminal of DA neurons of the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) increased firing frequency of VTA DA neurons. In brains of schizophrenia, NSC hypofunction in the subventricular zone of lateral ventricle may cause decrease of D-neurons in the striatum and nucleus accumbens, and may result in decrease of trace amine signals. Decrease of trace amine signals to TAAR1 on VTA DA neurons may increase firing frequency of VTA DA neurons, and may finally cause mesolimbic DA hyperactivity. Increased stimulation to DA D2 receptors of NSCs might suppress NSC proliferation, and may induce additional mesolimbic DA hyperactivity as well as D-cell decrease. This novel theory, “D-cell hypothesis”, possibly explains mesolimbic DA hyperactivity in pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

关键词： Dopamine D-neuron Ventral Tegmental Area Schizophrenia TAAR1

Relationship between biological factors and catastrophizing and clinical outcomes for female patients with knee osteoarthritis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第3期8卷 278-285页

作者： Tatsunori ikemoto Hirofumi Miyagawa Yukiko Shiro Young-Chang Park Arai Machiko Akao Kenta Murotani Takahiro Ushida Masataka Deie Institute of Physical Fitness Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Aichi Medical University Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences Nagoya Gakuin University Department of Orthopedic Surgery Aichi Medical University Division of Biostatistics Clinical Research Center Aichi Medical University

AIM To investigate the correlations between clinical outcomes and biopsychological variables in female patients with knee osteoarthritis(OA).METHODS Seventy-seven patients with symptomatic knee OA were enrolled in this *** investigated the age,body mass index(BMI),pain catastrophizing scale(PCS)and radiographic severity of bilateral knees using a Kellgren-Lawrence(K-L)grading system of the ***,a multiple linear regression was conducted to determine which variables best correlated with main outcomes of knee OA,which were pain severity,moving capacity by measuring timed-up-and-go test and Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure(JKOM).RESULTS We found that the significant contributor to pain severity was PCS(β=0.555)and BMI(β=0.239),to moving capacity was K-L grade(β=0.520)and to PCS(β=0.313),and to a JKOM score was PCS(β=0.485)and K-L grade(β=0.421),*** The results suggest that pain catastrophizing as well as biological factors were associated with clinical outcomes in female patients with knee OA,irrespective of radiographic severity.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Pain catastrophizing Knee pain Physical function Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure

Basic Characteristics of the Hydraulic-Driven Forceps for Force Feedback

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2015年第9期5卷 519-524页

作者： Tohru Sasaki Yasuyuki Mito Mitsuru Jindai Yusuke ikemoto Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research University of Toyama Toyama 930-8555 Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama Toyama 930-8555 Japan

A surgical manipulator has widely been used for laparoscopic surgery. It has been chosen mainly for the use in supporting human operations and in robot systems like the da Vinci surgical system. These manipulator systems are suitable for careful work, but they have a few problems. One of the problems is that the manipulator is not equipped with haptic sensing functions. Therefore, the operator must know the advanced techniques for visually detecting the physical contact state during surgical operations. These haptic sensing functions thus need to be incorporated into a surgical manipulator. We have developed hydraulic-driven forceps with a micro bearing and a bellows tube that can convey haptic sense to the operator. This system can measure the small forces acting on the tips of the forceps using Pascal＇s principle. A model of the system is provided from the relationship between the internal pressure of the bellows tube and the refraction angles of the forceps. It was confirmed using this model that the developed system makes it possible to estimate both the strength and the direction of the external force applied to the forceps by measuring the internal pressure of the bellows tube. An operator using a three-dimensional haptic device was able to feel the force response during an experiment in which they used the forceps to hold a blood vessel. This report describes the most appropriate method for letting the operator feel the force conveyed by using our system.

关键词： Hydraulic-driven forceps force feedback surgical manipulator.

Strategies for Managing Chronic Pain: Case of a Skilled Orthopaedic Physician and Mini-Review

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第5期5卷 109-114页

作者： Tatsunori ikemoto Young-Chang P. Arai Makoto Nishihara Takahiro Ushida Multidisciplinary Pain Center Aichi Medical University Nagakute Aichi Japan Institute of Physical Fitness Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation School of Medicine Aichi Medical University Nagakute Aichi Japan

Epidemiological surveys have recently revealed a high prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain in Japan;however, 30% of the patients in the survey were not satisfied with their pain treatment. This indicates that standard strategies in the management of chronic pain are poorly shared among physicians in Japan. Herein we report a case of a patient with intractable chronic pain who is a skilled orthopaedic physician. A 43-year-old man who was a skilled orthopaedic surgeon presented at our center complaining of severe buttock pain especially around the right hip region for more than three years. At begging of pain onset, he was diagnosed with femoacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI) with labral tear. Despite biophysical interventions including twice surgeries and alternative conservative treatment, his pain persisted, and he occasionally had to take a day off work due to the severe pain. Therefore we had to evaluate his pathological condition using a multidimensional approach based on a biopsychosocial model. We had provided him with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) approach, and simultaneously suggestion for short leaving from work. Three months after the start of CBT training, his disabilities had begun to improve. About six months later, he could continue to do his work. Finally, 19 months have passed since we started implementing the CBT approach;he has regained both his previous work-life balance and his health, although the pain has not completely subsided. In conclusion, we think it is important for physicians treating chronic pain to learn the management strategies for chronic pain and to re-consider their management policy when conventional biomedical interventions were not succeeded, even in cases where medication and surgical intervention are warranted.

关键词： Chronic Pain Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Biomedical Biopsychosocial

DNA methylation of the Monoamine Oxidases A and B genes in postmortem brains of subjects with schizophrenia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2012年第4期2卷 374-383页

作者： Qiaohui Yang Keiko ikemoto Satoshi Nishino Junko Yamaki Yasuto Kunii Akira Wada Yoshimi Homma Shin-Ichi Niwa Department of Biomolecular Science School of Medicine Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan Department of Neuropsychiatry School of Medicine Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan

Aims: We focused on DNA methylation of the promoter regions of the Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) A and B genes from postmortem brains of subjects with schizophrenia. Methods: We determined levels of DNA methylation using genomic DNA samples purified from four brain areas: prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, occipital cortex and nucleus accumbens (NAc), by a bisulfite sequencing method from seven normal subjects and six subjects with schizophrenia. Results: Although very few methylated CpGs of the MAOA and MAOB genes were detected in male samples, various DNA methylation patterns were present in female samples, and some differences were found in such patterns between normal subjects and subjects with schizophrenia. In the PFC, the average level of methylation of both genes was significantly higher in subjects with schizophrenia than in normal subjects. The content of highly methylated alleles of the MAOA gene in the NAc was significantly associated with schizophrenia, with similar results obtained for the MAOB gene in both the NAc and PFC. Some CpG sites showed higher levels of methylation in schizophrenia than in normal subjects. Conclusions: Levels of methylation were quite high in NAc and PFC in female subjects with schizophrenia compared with those in female normal subjects.

关键词： DNA Methylation Monoamine Oxidase Nucleus Accumbens Postmortem Brain Schizophrenia

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日本汉方医学对疼痛的治疗

亚太传统医药 2020年第4期16卷 6-8页

作者： Young-Chang Arai Izumi Makino Tatsunori ikemoto 爱知医科大学日本爱知

汉方医学是日本传统医学的重要分支,已经有超过1500年的历史。日本医保体系将汉方医学和西医纳入其中,汉方医学不仅用于治疗急症,还可用于慢性疼痛的治疗。对汉方医学的历史和基本理念进行简单阐述,同时对汉方医学治疗疼痛的方法进行总... 详细信息

汉方医学是日本传统医学的重要分支,已经有超过1500年的历史。日本医保体系将汉方医学和西医纳入其中,汉方医学不仅用于治疗急症,还可用于慢性疼痛的治疗。对汉方医学的历史和基本理念进行简单阐述,同时对汉方医学治疗疼痛的方法进行总结,为疼痛的治疗提供参考。

关键词：汉方医学疼痛日本传统医学