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Examining unobserved factors associated with red light running in Vietnam:A latent class model analysis

Transportation Safety and Environment 2022年第1期4卷 110-122页

作者： Tien Dung Chu tomio miwa Tuan Anh Bui Quang Phuc Nguyen Quang Huy Vu Department of Highway and Traffic Engineering University of Transport and CommunicationsNo.3 Cau Giay StreetLang Thuong WardDong Da DistrictHanoi 10001Vietnam Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya cityAichi Prefecture464-8603Japan

Red-light running(RLR)is a crucial violation that causes traffic accidents and *** factors that affect RLR is very significant to reduce the potential of this *** studies have paid considerable attention to the observable factors,but not to unobservable *** study aims to examine the effects of observable and unobservable factors on *** study uses a latent class model(LCM)to assign individuals into two classes—red-light-respectful and red-light-disrespectful road users—by surveying 751 respondents who use private transportation *** study incorporates psychological determinants into the LCM to account for unobservable *** contribution of this study is the in-depth investigation into law-respectful and law-disrespectful behaviours and intentional and unintentional *** a study has not yet been conducted in the existing *** addition,a comprehensive comparison of the LCM and a traditional ordered probit model was ***,the results suggest that the LCM is superior to the model that does not consider latent *** estimation results are in alignment with previous studies on RLR:males,younger drivers/riders,less educated road users and motorcyclists are more likely to run red *** analysis of the latent variables shows that surrounding conditions—the behaviour of other violators,the absence of traffic police,and long waiting times—increase the possibility of *** on these results,we provide suggestions to policymakers and traffic engineers:the implementation of enforcement cameras and penalties for violators are critical countermeasures to minimize the potential of RLR.

关键词： red light running(RLR) developing country latent class model(LCM) multiple indicator multiple cause(MIMIC)model latent variables(LVs) motorcycles(MCs) traffic violation

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Identification of activity stop locations in GPS trajectories by density-based clustering method combined with support vector machines

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2015年第3期23卷 202-213页

作者： Lei Gong Hitomi Sato Toshiyuki Yamamoto tomio miwa Takayuki Morikawa Department of Civil Engineering Nagoya University Institute of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya University EcoTopia Science Institute Nagoya University

The identification of activity locations in con- tinuous GPS trajectories is an essential preliminary step in obtaining person trip data and for activity-based trans- portation demand forecasting. In this research, a two-step methodology for identifying activity stop locations is pro- posed. In the first step, an improved density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise （DBSCAN） algorithm identifies stop points and moving points; then in the second step, the support vector machines （SVMs） method distin- guishes activity stops from non-activity stops among the identified stop points. A time sequence constraint and a direction change constraint are applied as improvements to DBSCAN （yielding an improved algorithm known as C-DBSCAN）. Then three major features are extracted for use in the SVMs method： stop duration, mean distance to the centroid of a cluster of points at a stop location, and the shorter of distances from current location to home and to the workplace. The proposed methodology was tested using GPS data collected from mobile phones in the Nagoya area of Japan. The C-DBSCAN algorithm achieves an accuracy of 90 % in identifying stop points in the first step, while the SVMs method is 96 % accurate in distin- guishing the locations of activity stops from non-activity stops in the second step. Compared to other variants of DBSCAN used to identify activity locations from GPS trajectories, this two-step method is generally superior.

关键词： Activity Stop · Non-activity stop · Stopidentification · DBSCAN· Support vector machines

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城际高速公路自动货车车道的影响:基于混合仿真器的研究(英文)

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交通运输系统工程与信息 2011年第3期11卷 32-42页

作者： SUN Xun miwa tomio MORIKAWA Takayuki 名古屋大学环境学研究科名古屋464-8603日本名古屋大学EcoTopia科学研究所名古屋464-8603日本

自动货车车道(ATL)是一项缓解城际高速公路货车比例偏高问题的下一代物流技术.本文提出了一种微观-中观混合交通仿真器,用于精确评估在大规模公路网上引入自动货车车道所引起的交通流变化,并设计集成框架以确保路径选择与微观-中观仿真... 详细信息

自动货车车道(ATL)是一项缓解城际高速公路货车比例偏高问题的下一代物流技术.本文提出了一种微观-中观混合交通仿真器,用于精确评估在大规模公路网上引入自动货车车道所引起的交通流变化,并设计集成框架以确保路径选择与微观-中观仿真器校核的一致性,使用扩展后的微观车辆跟驰模型和车道变换模型反映轿车与货车之间的相互作用.通过3个仿真案例评价自动货车车道对交通流、货车比例、旅行时间及总旅行时间节省的影响.最后,使用混合仿真器分析道路的安全性和交通事故对旅行时间的影响.仿真结果表明:引入自动货车车道改变了New Tomei-Meishin高速公路及该路网中其它高速公路的交通量,缩短了旅行时间,提高了安全性.应在大范围公路网络中分析自动货车车道系统,从而获得更精确的评价.

关键词：公路运输自动货车车道混合仿真器大范围公路网络城际高速公路

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Pedal Power vs Battery Boost: An In-depth Analysis of the Dichotomy and Symbiosis between Traditional and Electric Bike-sharing

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年

作者： Wenhao Li Jin Yu Zhengtao Qin tomio miwa Yanjie Ji Qinhe An School of Transportation， Southeast University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering， Nagoya University， Furocho School of Architecture and Transportation， Guilin University of Electronic Technology Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education， Tongji University Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability， Nagoya University， Furocho

People are increasingly utilizing electric bike-sharing (EBS) for travel as a new mode of shared mobility comparable to traditional bike-sharing (TBS). However， few studies have focused on what is the attraction of the integrated bike-sharing system， encompassing both EBS and TBS， and how they develop in tandem. A web-based stated preference survey is designed to explore people’s preferences for different bike-sharing modes in China. The collected data is employed to create a panel random parameters random utility multinomial logit model (Panel RPRUM) and a panel random parameters random regret logit model (Panel RPRRM). This paper quantitatively estimates the inherent effects on EBS and TBS choices across various attributes. The results show that while there are similarities， there are also differences in users' choice tendencies between TBS and EBS. Access time and egress time are the most important influencing the choice of bike-sharing system (both TBS and EBS)， though the degree of influence varies between the two. In addition， the trade-off between trip cost and distance significantly affects user choices between EBS and TBS， reflecting their complementary nature. The dynamic pricing strategy with varying distances might further enhance the acceptability of the bike-sharing system.

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Understanding the Effects of Various Factors on the Public Response to Congestion Charge: A Latent Class Modeling Approach

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2015年第2期5卷 76-87页

作者： Sugiarto Sugiarto tomio miwa Hitomi Sato Takayuki Morikawa Department of Civil Engineering Syiah Kuala University Darussalam Banda Aceh Indonesia EcoTopia Science Institute Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Institute of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya University Nagoya Japan

The standard ordered response model (SORM) is a common disaggregate approach with ordered outcomes in which the effects of various exogenous attributes are assumed constant across ordinal choices. In this study, an innovative latent class based generalized ordered response model (LC-GORM) is formulated and used to assess the effects of various factors on respondents’ choice behavior with respect to congestion charge proposal for Jakarta, Indonesia. The proposed model probabilistically assigns respondents into selfish and altruistic class memberships (latently) based on their knowledge of the proposed scheme and their specific attributes. Aiming to capture observable preference heterogeneity across ordinal choices and allow the thresholds to be varied across observations, we parameterize the thresholds as a linear function of the exogenous variables for each ordinal preference. Using stated preference data collected in Jakarta in December 2013, we incorporate the influence of a comprehensive set of explanatory variables into four categories: charges, latent variables related to respondent’s psychological motivations, mobility attributes and socio-demographic characteristics. Empirical results obviously verify the existence of preference heterogeneity across outcomes. The findings confirm that the altruistic class are more sensitive with respect to acceptance of the scheme, while the selfish class are more sensitive with respect to rejection. The key factors influencing public acceptability include the charge level and respondent variables such as car dependency, awareness of the problem of cars in society, frequency of visits to the city center and frequency of private mode usage.

关键词： Respondent’s Choice Behavior Latent Types of Respondents Latent Class Congestion Charge

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE RELATION OF BED MORPHOLOGY WITH SURFACE FLOW IN MEANDER CHANNELS

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2006年第1期21卷 1-12页

作者： Hajime miwa Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University Japan Prof.

Alternate bars have the property that they migrate downstream whenever floods occur. However, in meander channels whose bend angles are larger than a critical value, the migration of bars can be suppressed, and the positions of bank erosion and flood attack also will be steady. In this study, the bed morphology in flume channels with bends of various lengths and angles is investigated at various flow discharges, and the relation of bed morphology to surface flow is investigated in detail using fluid measuring software. An effort is made to obtain guidelines for the plane shape design of meander channels. Based on the experimental results of bed topography and measurement of surface flow direction and velocity distribution, from the viewpoint of bank erosion and the concentration and dispersion of flood flow the most suitable plane shape for meandering channels is suggested through which the migration of alternate bars is suppressed.

关键词： Meander channel Alternate bars Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)

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A Fine-Grained Runtime Power/Performance Optimization Method for Processors with Adaptive Pipeline Depth

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2011年第2期26卷 292-301页

作者：姚骏 Shinobu miwa Hajime Shimada Shinji Tomita Graduate School of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology School of Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences Kyoto University

Recently, a method known as pipeline stage unification （PSU） has been proposed to alleviate the increasing energy consumption problem in modern microprocessors. PSU achieves a high energy efficiency by employing a changeable pipeline depth and its working scheme is eligible for a fine control method. In this paper, we propose a dynamic method to study fine-grained program interval behaviors based on some easy-to-get runtime processor metrics. Using this method to determine the proper PSU configurations during the program execution, we are able to achieve an averaged 13.5% energydelay-product （EDP） reduction for SPEC CPU2000 integer benchmarks, compared to the baseline processor. This value is only 0.14% larger than the theoretically idealized controlling. Our hardware synthesis result indicates that the proposed method can largely decrease the hardware overhead in both area and delay costs, as compared to a previous program study method which is based on working set signatures.

关键词： dynamic optimization energy saving fine-grained pipeline stage unification workload analysis

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Numerical simulation of low-flow channel evolution due to sediment augmentation

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2012年第3期27卷 351-361页

作者： Hiroshi miwa Gary PARKER Department of Civil Engineering Maizuru National College of Technology Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

For the conservation and restoration of river environment,a sediment replenishment technique, which conveys a part of the sediments excavated and/or dredged from reservoirs to the river below dams is developed and has been implemented tentatively in several *** placed as replenishment can be flushed out and transported downstream by floodwater or dam *** flushed sediments are expected to contribute to the control of degradation and the variation of the low-flow ***,this technique is in the development stage because there are many unknown ***,systematic investigations are necessary for practical management of the *** this study,the effects of the location of replenishment sediment on sediment flushing and on control of degradation were investigated by means of flume experiments.A two-dimensional numerical model was also developed to further investigate the effects of sediment augmentation on river *** numerical model treats bank erosion and sediment transport over fixed beds. The simulation results were verified against the experimental *** flushing process of replenishment sediment was investigated first,and then its effect as a countermeasure for river bed degradation was *** are summarized as follows:(1) Augmentation at upper riffles is effective for flushing of replenishment sediment and variation of low-flow channel.(2) Amelioration of degradation can be found in the cases of two types of *** amelioration effect of upper riffle placement was larger than that of lower riffle placement(3) Aggradation rate of the bed near the replenishment site in the fixed bed is large in the lower riffle placement compared with the upper riffle placement.(4) The numerical model was found to be generally successful as a predictive tool.

关键词： River restoration Low-flow channel Degradation Sediment replenishment Numerical simulation

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Effects of Kampo medicine hangebyakujutsutemmato on persistent postural-perceptual dizziness:A retrospective pilot study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第20期10卷 6811-6824页

作者： Toru miwa Shin-ichi Kanemaru Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Osaka Metropolitan UniversityOsaka 5458585Japan Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research InstituteKitano HospitalOsaka 5308480Japan Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kyoto UniversityKyoto 7507501Japan

BACKGROUND Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness(PPPD)is a functional disorder,typically preceded by acute vestibular *** is characterized by a shift in processing spatial orientation information,to favor visual over vestibular and somatosensory inputs,and a failure of higher cortical *** date,no therapies for PPPD have been *** medicine hangebyakujutsutemmato(HBT)has been reported to alleviate disturbances of *** hypothesized that HBT would be a beneficial treatment for *** To examine the efficacy of HBT for the treatment of *** Patients with PPPD were enrolled and divided into two groups:The HBT group(n=24)and the non-HBT group(n=14).The participants completed questionnaire surveys[Niigata PPPD questionnaire(NPQ),dizziness handicap inventory,hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS),orthostatic dysregulation questionnaire,pittsburg sleep quality index(PSQI),and motion sickness scores]before and after HBT ***,to identify HBT responders,multivariate regression analysis was performed using the results of the ques-tionnaire surveys and equilibrium tests;including stabilometry,and caloric,vestibular evoked myogenic response,and head-up tilt *** Thirty-eight outpatients were included in this study,of which 14 patients(3 men,11 women;mean age,63.5±15.9 years)received treatment without HBT,and 24(1 man,23 women;mean age,58.2±18.7 years)received combination treatment with *** HBT treatment,NPQ scores decreased significantly(baseline 40.1±10.0 vs 2 mo 24.6±17.7,P<0.001).No statistically significant changes were observed in the NPQ scores in the non-HBT group(baseline 38.6±12.2 vs 2 mo 39.4±14.4,P=0.92).Multivariable regression analysis revealed that the results of stabilometry(P=0.02)and the caloric(P=0.03),and head-up tilt tests(P<0.001),HADS(P=0.003),and PSQI(P=0.01)were associated with HBT responsiveness in PPPD *** HBT may be an effective adjunct therapy fo

关键词： Hangebyakujutsutemmato Kampo medicine Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness Niigata persistent postural-perceptual dizziness questionnaire score Sensory reweighting Treatment responder

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Application of semisolid process to Zr-based metallic glass matrix composites

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2010年第S3期20卷 719-722页

作者： T.TAMURA A.MAKAYA K.miwa Solidification Processing Group Materials Research Institute for Sustainable DevelopmentNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)

The effect of the cooling slope on the structure of Zr-based metallic glass matrix composites was investigated by changing the cooling *** synthesis of bulk metallic glass composites was made by a process combining cooling slope casting and Cu mold casting for Zr66.4Nb6.4Cu10.5Ni8.7Al8 *** results show that the semisolid slurry which consists of the spheroidal or rosette-type BCC crystals and the liquid phase which forms metallic glass phase can be formed by the cooling slope process in this alloy ***,the semisolid slurry cannot reach to the *** is considered that higher viscosity of the liquid phase which forms metallic glass phase causes this ***,parameters of the cooling slope have to be examined further.

关键词： semisolid processing bulk metallic glass composite crystal particle cooling slope casting

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