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Evolutionary importance of the relationship between cytogeography and climate:New insights on creosote bushes from North and South America

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Plant Diversity 2022年第5期44卷 492-498页

作者： Romina Vidal-Russell Mariana Tadey Romana Urfusova tomás Urfus Cintia Paola Souto Laboratorio Ecotono-INIBIOMA(CONICET-UNComahue) Quintral1250BarilocheRío NegroArgentina Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityBenátská212800PragueCzech Republic

Relationships between genome size and environmental variables suggest that DNA content might be adaptive and of evolutionary importance in *** genus Larrea provides an interesting system to test this hypothesis,since it shows both intra-and interspecific variation in genome *** has an amphitropical distribution in North and South American deserts,where it is most *** tridentata in North America shows a gradient of increasing autopolyploidy;while three of the four studied South American species are diploids,Larrea divaricata,Larrea nitida,Larrea ameghinoi,and the fourth is an allopolyploid,Larrea *** downloaded available focal species’georeferenced records from seven data *** used these records to extract biologically relevant environmental variables from WorldClim at 30 arc seconds scale,to have a broad characterization of the variable climatic conditions of both regions,and a climatic envelope for each *** estimated relative DNA content index and relative monoploid genome values,by flow cytometry,of four most abundant Larrea species throughout their respective *** we winnow the bioclimatic dataset down to uncorrelated variables and sampled locales,to analyse the degree of association between both intra-and interspecific relative DNA content and climatic variables that are functionally relevant in arid environments using Pearson correlations,general linear and mixed effects *** the genus Larrea,relative DNA content increases with rising temperature and decreases with rising *** the intraspecific level,all four species show relative DNA content variation across climatic *** is a genus that shows genome size variation correlated with *** results are also consistent with the hypothesis that extreme environmental pressures may have facilitated repeated whole genome duplication events in North America,while in South America,reticulate evolution,as allopolyploidizati

关键词： DNA content Drylands Genome size Jarilla Larrea Zygophyllaceae

Biobased Aromatic-Aliphatic Polyols from Cardanol by Thermal Thiol-Ene Reaction

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第1期6卷 87-101页

作者： Maha LShrestha Mihail Ionescu Xianmei Wan Nikola Bilic′ Zoran SPetrovic′ tom Upshaw Pittsburg State University Kansas Polymer Research Center1701 South BroadwayPittsburgKansas66762USA Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP Bartlesville Technology CenterBartlesvilleOklahoma74003-6670USA

Cardanol is a natural phenol which is obtained from high vacuum distillation of cashew nut shell *** contains a hydrocarbon chain of 15 carbon atoms in the meta position,either with one,two or three nonconjugated double *** article describes thermal thiol-ene reaction to synthesize new cardanol-based polyols for polyurethanes with aromatic-aliphatic *** hydroxyl group was blocked by alkoxylation and 2-mercaptoethanol was added to the double bonds of propoxylated *** resultant product is a mixture of polyols that may contain one,two,three or four hydroxyl groups,as a function of the number of double bonds reacted with *** polyols,but with much higher functionality,were also synthesized from condensation of cardanol-based novolacs with *** cardanolbased polyols were further utilized to prepare rigid polyurethane foams(PUs)with excellent physical and mechanical properties,useful for various applications in chemical and food industries.

关键词： Thiol-ene mercaptans cashew nut shell liquid polyurethanes

Brain of the blind:transcriptomics of the golden-line cavefish brain

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Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 765-773页

作者： Fanwei MENG Yahui ZHAO tom TITUS Chunguang ZHANG John H.POSTLETHWAIT State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Neuroscience University of OregonEugeneOR 97403USA

The genus Sinocyclocheilus (golden-line barbel) includes 25species of cave-dwelling blind fish (cavefish)and more than 30 surface-dwelling species with normal *** environments are dark and generally nutrient-poor with few *** of several genera evolved convergent morphological adaptations in visual,pigmentation,brain,olfactory,and digestive systems. We compared brain morphology and gene expression patterns in a cavefish Sinocyclocheilus anophthalmus with those of a closely related surface-dwelling species *** showed that cavefish have a longer olfactory tract and a much smaller optic tectum than surface *** by RNA-seq revealed that many genes upregulated in cavefish are related to lysosomes and the degradation and metabolism of proteins,amino acids,and *** down- regulated in cavefish tended to involve "activation of gene expression in cholesterol biosynthesis" and cholesterol degradation in the *** encoding Srebfs (sterol regulatory element- binding transcription factors)and Srebf targets,including enzymes in cholesterol synthesis,were downregulated in cavefish brains compared with surface fish *** gene encoding Cyp46a1, which eliminates cholesterol from the brain,was also downregulated in cavefish brains,while the total level of cholesterol in the brain remained *** brains misexpressed several genes encoding proteins in the hypothalamus-pituitary axis,including Trh,Sst,Crh,Pomc,and *** results suggest that the rate of lipid biosynthesis and breakdown may both be depressed in golden-line cavefish brains but that the lysosome recycling rate may be increased in cavefish;properties that might be related to differences in nutrient availability in caves.

关键词： cavefish cholesterol cyp46a optic tectum Sinocyclocheilus transcriptomics

A method to refine crude cottonseed oil using non-toxic polyamine-based cationic polymers

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2015年第2期23卷 379-383页

作者：林海琳 tom C.Wedegaertner 毛小云景旭东 Aicardo Roa-Espinosa Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Technology Cottonseed Research & Marketing Agricultural Research College of Resources and Environment South China Agricultural University Soil Net LLC Belleville Biological Systems Engineering Department University of Wisconsin-Madison

The traditional method to refine crude cottonseed oil is time-consuming and *** study evaluates the effectiveness of coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation process using quaternary polyamine-based polymers in refining crude cottonseed *** by four commercial polyamine-based cationic polymers(SL2700,SL3000,SL4500 and SL5000)with varied molecular weight(MW)and charge density(CD)and followed by coagulation with sodium hydroxide,crude cottonseed oil can be effectively *** fatty acids,gossypol,pigments and trace elements are all effectively and sufficiently removed by the four polymers in a MW-and CDdependent *** results suggest that the use of polyamine-based cationic polymers may offer an effective and feasible alternative to the traditional method for crude cottonseed oil refining.

关键词： Granulation Precipitation Purification Cotton seed oil Polymer Gossypol

Regulation of plasma erythropoietin in chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第19期10卷 2922-2923页

作者： Frank Tacke tom Luedde Michael P.Manns Christian Trautwein Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndocrinologyHannover Medical School 30625 HannoverGermany Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndocrinologyHannover Medical School 30625 HannoverGermany M.D.Professor of Medicine

In a may-issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology, there is a very interesting study by Bruno et al. on erythropoietin (EPO) levels in patients with chronic liver disease. We have very recently reported a similar, but much larger study by Tacke et al. on the role of EPO in chronic liver disease. By comparing Bruno's results with our patient cohort and applying their

关键词： Aged Biological Markers Erythropoietin Female Hepatitis, Chronic Humans

Restrictions to the application of 'diagnostic'criteria for recognizing ancient seismites

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2014年第2期3卷 162-173页

作者： Massimo Moretti A.J.(tom) van Loon Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali Università degli Studi di Bari Institute of Geology Adam Mickiewicz University

Soft-sediment deformation structures induced by seismic liquefaction and/or fluidization receive much attention in sedimentological,structural and palaeoseismic *** direct record of larger earthquakes is restricted to instrumental and historical data; the recognition of prehistoric earthquakes requires criteria to recognize seismites in the geological *** areal distribution of seismites can sometimes be related to active faults since distances to the epicenter(for a given magnitude) tend to be related to the liquefaction effects of seismic *** use of soft-sediment deformation structures for palaeoseismic studies has limitations,*** anything is known,for instance,about the effects that modern seismic events have on the sediments in most ***,criteria for the recognition of seismites are still under *** following characteristics seem,particularly in combination,the most reliable:(1) Soft-sediment deformation structures should occur in laterally continuous,preferably recurring horizons,separated by undeformed beds;(2) These deformation structures should be comparable with structures known to have been triggered by modern seismic activity;(3) The sedimentary basin should have experienced tectonic activity at the time when the deformations were formed; and(4) The intensity or abundance of the soft-sediment deformation structures in a presumed seismite should change laterally,depending on the distance to the *** turns out that all of these four criteria have important exceptions.(1) Soft-sediment deformation structures occurring over large lateral distances in a specific layer can be triggered also by other ***,in environments with a low sedimentation rate,the time between successive earthquakes is often too short to allow accumulation of beds that remain ***,total liquefaction of a sandy bed may result in the absence of deformation features.(2) No truly diagnostic sof

关键词： soft-sediment deformation structures seismites palaeo-earthquakes palaeoseismicity

Siliceous Cementation of Chlorite-Coated Grains in the Permian Sandstone Gas Reservoirs,Ordos Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第3期91卷 1147-1148页

作者： FAN Aiping YANG Renchao LI Jinbu ZHAO Zhongjun A.J.(tom) VAN LOON College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Institute of Sulige Gas Field Changqing Oilfield CompanyPetrochina Geocom Consultants

Objective It has long been controversial that whether authigenic chlorite coatings in sandstone reservoirs can prevent precipitation of siliceous cements. It is commonly believed that chlorite coatings （also called chlorite films, chlorite linings, or chlorite rims） may prevent quartz overgrowth, and thus help the preservation of original pores in sandstone reservoirs. Recently, however, this assumption has been challenged by reservoir geologists. This dispute cannot be solved by mere analysis of thin sections, nor by chemical equations and diagenesis analysis. The main objective of the present contribution is to shed light on this problem on the basis of sandstone samples from the Permian Shanxi and Shihezi Formations in the eastern part of the Sulige gas field, Ordos Basin in central China.

关键词： of on is for by Siliceous Cementation of Chlorite-Coated Grains in the Permian Sandstone Gas Reservoirs,Ordos Basin that

How to treat intestinal obstruction due to malignant recurrence after Whipple's resection for pancreatic head cancer: description of 2 new endoscopic techniques

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第33期23卷 6181-6186页

作者： Christina Mouradides Alaa Taha Ivan Borbath Pierre H Deprez tom G Moreels Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc

The prognosis of pancreatic cancer remains poor,even after initial surgical therapy. Local recurrence after Whipple's pancreatico-duodenectomy may lead to intestinal obstruction at the level of the afferent limb or the alimentary limb. Endoscopic insertion of a selfexpandable metal stent(SEMS) into the intestinal malignant stricture is the preferred method of choice for palliation. We describe two new endoscopic techniques to treat a malignant intestinal obstruction with the insertion of a SEMS into the afferent limb and the alimentary limb. A case of malignant gastric outlet obstruction after a Whipple's resection was treated by the creation of an endoscopic gastrojejunostomy by the insertion of a lumen apposing Hot Axios stent in between the stomach and the alimentary limb under fluoroscopic and endoscopic ultrasound control. Biliary obstruction and jaundice caused by a malignant stricture of the afferent limb after a Roux-en-Y Whipple's resection was treated by the insertion of a SEMS by means of the single-balloon overtube-assisted technique under fluoroscopic control. Feasibility and advantages of both techniques are discussed.

关键词： Intestinal obstruction Self-expandable metal stent Whipple’s pancreatico-duodenectomy

Plants as concept generators for biomimetic light-weight structures with variable stiffness and self-repair mechanisms

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2004年第4期1卷 199-205页

作者： Thomas Speck tom Masselter Bettina Prim Olga Speck Rolf Luchsinger Siegfried Fink KompetenznetzBiomimetik der Universit tFreiburg Sch nzlestr.1 D179104 Freiburg Germany Botanischer Garten der Universit t Freiburg Sch nzlestr.1D179104 FreiburgGermany Prospective conceptsag Flughofstr.41 CH18152 Glattbrugg Switzerland Institut fur Forsfbotanik und Baumphysiologie der UniversittFreiburg Sch nzlest:1D179104 FreiburgGemmany

Plants possess many structural and functional properties that have a high potential to serve as concept generators for the production of biomimetic technical materials and structures. We present data on two features of plants (variable stiffness due to pressure changes in cellular structures and rapid self-repair functions) that may be used as models for biomimetic projects.

关键词： bionics biomimetics self-repair pneumatic structures Tensairity Aristolochia