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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 453-466页

作者： Nanxia Fu tobias Becker Wolfgang Brandt Maritta Kunert Antje Burse Wilhelm Boland Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJenaGermany Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization Tea Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle(Saale)Germany Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJenaGermany Department of Medical Technology and Biotechnology Ernst Abbe Hochschule JenaJenaGermany

Chrysomelina beetlesstore 3-nitropropionic acid in form of a pretoxin,isoxazolin-5-one glucoside-conjugated ester,to protect themselves against *** we identified a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase,CYP347W1,to be involved in the production of the 3-nitropropionic acid moiety of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside *** down CYP347W1 led to a significant depletion in the concentration of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside ester and an increase in the concentration of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside in the larval *** assays with the heterologously expressed CYP347W1 showed freeβ-alanine was not the direct *** modeling indicated thatβ-alanine-CoA ester can fit into CYP347W1’s active ***,we proved that Phaedon cochleariae eggs are not able to de novo synthesize 3-NPA,although both isoxazolin-5-one glucoside and its 3-NPA-conjugated ester are present in the *** results provide direct evidence for the involvement of CYP347W1 in the biosynthesis of a *** chemical defense compound.

关键词： chemical defense isoxazolin-5-one glucoside isoxazolin-5-one glucoside ester leaf beetles P450 3-nitropropionic acid(3-NPA)

Modeling uncertainties of reservoir flushing simulations

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第5期38卷 698-710页

作者： Camila Bergmann Goulart tobias Bleninger Hugo de Oliveira Fagundes Fernando Mainardi Fan Department of Environmental Engineering Federal University of Parana Institute of Hydraulic Research Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Every dam or barrage construction affects the watercourse and the retention of sediment that previously was carried by the river, which can lead to siltation of the reservoir and obstruction of water intakes over time, reducing their capacities. However, the information available regarding the effect of sediment and drawdown parameters, sediment management at reservoirs, as well as different equational approaches,is scarce. The current research aims to evaluate the effect of parameters associated with numerical modeling of sediment management in reservoirs considering scenarios with different drawdowns,transport equations, sediment size distributions, and thickness of the initial sediment layer. The case study of the Aimore s Hydropower Plant(HPP) is used, applying the Delft3D-FLOW model for twodimensional modeling. All parameters influenced the volume of mobilized sediment, among which the initial layer thickness was the parameter that resulted in the greatest changes in simulated results. In general, the results show that the uncertainties in the input parameters outweigh the uncertainties between the techniques, which found large variations in results when evaluating the use of different transport equations. These results indicate the importance of proper estimation of model parameters for predicting effects with accuracy and the need for such studies before planning and management operations are evaluated to avoid environmental harm and energy waste.

关键词： Reservoir sedimentation Sediment transport modeling Flushing Sediment management

Load and velocity boundaries of oil-based superlubricity using 1,3-diketone

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Friction 2023年第5期11卷 704-715页

作者： Yuyang YUAN tobias AMANN Yuwen XU Yan ZHANG Jingfu CHEN Chenqing YUAN Ke LI School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430063China Reliability Engineering Institute National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport SafetyMOSTWuhan 430063China Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM Freiburg 79108Germany

The clarification of the critical operating conditions and the failure mechanism of superlubricity systems is of great significance for seeking appropriate applications in *** this work,the superlubricity region of 1,3-diketone oil EPND(1-(4-ethyl phenyl)nonane-1,3-dione)on steel surfaces was identified by performing a series of ball-on-disk rotation friction tests under various normal loads(3.5–64 N)and sliding velocities(100–600 mm/s).The result shows that beyond certain loads or velocities superlubricity failed to be reached due to the following negative effects:(1)Under low load(≤3.5 N),insufficient running-in could not ensure good asperity level conformity between the upper and lower surfaces;(2)the high load(≥64 N)produced excessive wear and big debris;(3)at low velocity(≤100 mm/s),the weak hydrodynamic effect and the generated debris deteriorated the lubrication performance;(4)at high velocity(≥500 mm/s),oil migration occurred and resulted in oil *** order to expand the load and velocity boundaries of the superlubricity region,an optimized running-in method was proposed to avoid the above negative *** initially operating a running-in process under a suitable combination of load and velocity(e.g.16 N and 300 mm/s)and then switching to the target certain higher or lower load/velocity(e.g.100 N),the superlubricity region could break through its original *** result of this work suggests that oil-based superlubricity of 1,3-diketone is a promising solution to friction reduction under suitable operating conditions especially using a well-designed running-in strategy.

关键词： macroscopic superlubricity 1,3-diketone oil running-in process load and velocity boundaries

Signal pathways and precision therapy of small-cell lung cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第7期7卷 2293-2310页

作者： Min Yuan Yu Zhao Hendrik-tobias Arkenau Tongnei Lao Li Chu Qing Xu Department of Oncology Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalTongji University200072 ShanghaiChina Drug Development Unit Sarah Cannon Research InstituteLondonUK Department of Oncology Centro Medico BO CHIMacaoSARChina Department of Radiation Oncology Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center200032 ShanghaiChina Present address:Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan University200032 ShanghaiChina

Small-cell lung cancer(SCLC)encounters up 15%of all lung cancers,and is characterized by a high rate of proliferation,a tendency for early metastasis and generally poor *** of the patients present with distant metastatic disease at the time of clinical diagnosis,and only one-third are eligible for potentially curative ***,investigations into the genomic make-up of SCLC show extensive chromosomal rearrangements,high mutational burden and loss-of-function mutations of several tumor suppressor *** the clinical development of new treatments for SCLC has been limited in recent years,a better understanding of oncogenic driver alterations has found potential novel targets that might be suitable for therapeutic ***,there are six types of potential treatable signaling pathways in SCLC,including signaling pathways targeting the cell cycle and DNA repair,tumor development,cell metabolism,epigenetic regulation,tumor immunity and *** this point,however,there is still a lack of understanding of their role in SCLC tumor biology and the promotion of cancer *** optimizing drug targets,improving drug pharmacology,and identifying potential biomarkers are the main focus and further efforts are required to recognize patients who benefit most from novel therapies in *** review will focus on the current learning on the signaling pathways,the status of immunotherapy,and targeted therapy in SCLC.

关键词： metabolism immunity alterations

Advanced surface coil layout with intrinsic noise cancellation properties for surface-NMR applications

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2023年第2期3卷 140-149,I0004页

作者： Thomas Hiller Stephan Costabel Raphael Dlugosch tobias Splith Mike Müller-Petke Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources Wilhelmstr.25-30Berlin13595Germany Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources Stilleweg 2Hannover3655Germany Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics Stilleweg 2Hannover30655Germany

A recent study demonstrated that in small-scale prepolarized surface nuclear magnetic resonance(SNMR-PP)measurements with a footprint of a few square meters,customized PP switch-off ramps can serve as an efficient excitation mechanism,eliminating the requirement for a conventional oscillating excitation *** approach enables the detection of short relaxation signals from the unsaturated soil zone and can,therefore,be used to directly provide soil moisture and pore geometry *** ultimately such small-scale SNMR-PP setups are intended for a mobile application,it is necessary to develop strategies that allow for speedy measurement progress and do not require noise cancellation protocols based on reference ***,we developed a new concentric figure-of-eight(cFOE)loop layout that combines the direction independence of a circular loop with the intrinsic noise cancellation properties of a classical *** approach significantly decreases the measurement time because suitable signal-to-noise ratios are reached much faster compared to a classical circular loop and will bring us one step further toward fast and non-invasive soil moisture mapping applications.

关键词： Surface-NMR Prepolarization Noise cancellation Loop layout

Relationship between early nutrition and deep gray matter and lateral ventricular volumes of preterm infants at term-equivalent age

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期19卷 460-468页

作者： Felicia Toppe tobias Rasche Christel Weiss Alexandra Schock Ursula Felderhoff-Müser Hanna Müller Department of Pediatrics I NeonatologyPediatric Intensive Careand Pediatric NeurologyUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenHufelandstr.5545147EssenGermany Department of Medical Statistics Biomathematicsand Information ProcessingMedical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg UniversityTheodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-368167MannheimGermany Pediatric Surgery University Hospital MarburgUniversity of MarburgBaldingerstraße35043MarburgGermany Department of Pediatrics Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive CareUniversity Hospital MarburgUniversity of MarburgBaldingerstraße35043MarburgGermany

Background The survival of preterm infants has improved over the last decade,but impaired brain development leading to poor neurological outcomes is still a major comorbidity associated with *** aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutrition on neurodevelopment in preterm infants and identify markers for improved *** Totally 67 premature infants with a gestational age of 24–34 weeks and a birth weight of 450–2085 g were *** parameters and documented diet were collected from medical *** nutritional analysis comprised the protein,fat,carbohydrate,and energy intake during different time *** development was assessed by determining deep gray matter(DGM;basal ganglia and thalamus)and lateral ventricular(LV)volumes as measured on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging scans obtained at term-equivalent age(TEA),and potential associations between nutrition and brain volumetrics were detected by regression *** We observed a negative correlation between mean daily protein intake in the third postnatal week and MRI-measured DGM volume at TEA(P=0.007).In contrast,head circumference at a corrected age of 35 weeks gestation(P<0.001)and mean daily fat intake in the fourth postnatal week(P=0.004)were positively correlated with DGM ***,mean daily carbohydrate intake in the first postnatal week(P=0.010)and intraventricular hemorrhage(P=0.003)were revealed as independent predictors of LV *** The study emphasizes the importance of nutrition for brain development following preterm birth.

关键词： Deep gray matter Lateral ventricles Magnetic resonance imaging Nutrition Prematurity

The state-of-the-art in computer generated holography for 3D display

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2022年第3期3卷 168-196页

作者： David Blinder tobias Birnbaum Tomoyoshi Ito Tomoyoshi Shimobaba Department of Electronics and Informatics(ETRO) Vrije Universiteit Brussel(VUB)Pleinlaan 2B-1050 BrusselBelgium IMEC Kapeldreef 75B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University1-33 Yayoi-choInage-kuChibaChibaJapan

Holographic displays have the promise to be the ultimate 3D display technology,able to account for all visual *** advances in photonics and electronics gave rise to high-resolution holographic display prototypes,indicating that they may become widely available in the near *** major challenge in driving those display systems is computational:computer generated holography(CGH)consists of numerically simulating diffraction,which is very computationally *** goal in this paper is to give a broad overview of the state-of-the-art in *** make a classification of modern CGH algorithms,we describe different algorithmic CGH acceleration techniques,discuss the latest dedicated hardware solutions and indicate how to evaluate the perceptual quality of *** summarize our findings,discuss remaining challenges and make projections on the future of CGH.

关键词： Digital holography Holographic display Computer generated holography High-performance computing FPGA Deep learning Visual quality assessment

Climate change risk,resilience,and adaptation among rural farmers in East Africa:A literature review

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Regional Sustainability 2023年第2期4卷 185-193页

作者： tobias ACKERL Lemlem Fitwi WELDEMARIAM Mary NYASIMI Ayansina AYANLADE Department of Geography and Regional Research University of ViennaVienna1010Austria Haramaya University Dire DawaP.O.Box 103Ethiopia United Nations Educational Scientificand Cultural Organization(UNESCO)Regional Office in Eastern AfricaUnited Nations AveNairobiKenya Department of Geography Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife220101Nigeria

This study assesses the literature evidence on climate change risk,resilience,and adaptation measures used among rural farmers in East Africa.A systematic literature review was conducted comprising 30 papers from the Web of Science database published during *** results of the literature review showed that climate change risks have direct impacts on agricultural practices,limit rural farmers’resilience,and exacerbate their food *** most prominent risks are increasingly shorter wet seasons and heat stress,which lead to droughts and food production *** to climate risks,farmers in East Africa adopt various adaptation strategies such as mixed-and inter-cropping,conservation tillage,early planting,crop diversification,***,this review summarizes the determinants of climate change adaptation strategy selection by farmers in East Africa,including age,gender,household size,economic status and household assets,landownership and livestock,education and training,***,the choice of adaptation strategies to climate change is strongly determined by the gender of household heads,the results of gender as a determinant of adaptation differ greatly between different case *** female-headed households(FHHs)tend to perceive changes in temperature more readily than male-headed households(MHHs),the latter are generally more likely to adopt different adaptation *** the resilience and adaptation measures used by rural farmers in East Africa now,improved weather forecasting and early warning systems are needed as a better direction towards the future.

关键词： Climate change Cliamte risk Adaptation Agriculture Resilience Farmer East Africa

Optical Metrology for Aero Structures

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Optical Metrology for Aero Structures

Viability,behavior,and color expression in the offspring of matings between common wall lizard Podarcis muralis color morphs

2022中国汽车工程学会汽车空气动力学分会学术年会

作者： Tom.Van esch EZMetrology HUISDA

Optical Metrology for Aero Structures is a comprehensive and practical overview on how latest evolutions in optical metrology can contribute to the efficiency of aero dynamic engineering. The term optical metrology refers more specifically to stereo vision systems that obtain accurate 3 dimensional or 6dimensional information of the samples. This would include characteristics such as shape, deflection,displacement, and oscillation or vibration under different wind load conditions. The author clarifies the methodology and particular advantages of the technology with the objectives and constraints in mind. This is complemented with a few examples where the 3D trajectory information becomes an intrinsic part for the analysis. The purpose is to make the industry specialist aware of the available technology to help speed up the design process, improve the simulation models, and increase the understanding of the dimensional aspects of their application.

关键词： optical metrology aero structures design and optimization

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 41-55页

作者： Javier ABALOS Guillem PEREZ I DE LANUZA Alicia BARTOLOME Fabien AUBRET tobias ULLER Enrique FONT Ethology Lab Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biologı´a EvolutivaUniversitat de ValenciaValenciaSpain CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos da Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal SETE Station d’Ecologie Theorique et ExperimentaleUPR2001Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueParisFrance Department of Biology Lund UniversityLundSweden

Color polymorphisms are widely studied to identify the mechanisms responsible for the origin and maintenance of phenotypic variability in *** of the mechanisms of balancing selection currently thought to explain the long-term persistence of polymorphisms are the evolution of alternative phenotypic optima through correlational selection on suites of traits including color and *** of these mechanisms can generate differences in offspring viability and fitness arising from different morph ***,we examined the effect of parental morph combination on fertilization success,embryonic viability,newborn quality,antipredator,and foraging behavior,as well as inter-annual survival by conducting controlled matings in a polymorphic lacertid Podarcis muralis,where color morphs are frequently assumed to reflect alternative phenotypic optima(e.g.,alternative reproductive strategies).Juveniles were kept in outdoor tubs for a year in order to study inter-annual growth,survival,and morph *** agreement with a previous genome-wide association analysis,morph frequencies in the year-old juveniles matched the frequencies expected if orange and yellow expressions depended on recessive homozygosity at 2 separate *** findings also agree with previous literature reporting higher reproductive output of heavy females and the higher overall viability of heavy newborn lizards,but we found no evidence for the existence of alternative breeding investment strategies in female morphs,or morphcombination effects on offspring viability and *** conclude that inter-morph breeding remains entirely viable and genetic incompatibilities are of little significance for the maintenance of discrete color morphs in *** from the Pyrenees.

关键词： alternative breeding strategies color polymorphism controlled matings lizard behavior morph ontogeny newborn viability