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Geological Features and Deformational Ages of the Basal Thrust Belt of the miaowan Ophiolite in the Southern Huangling Anticline and Its Tectonic Implications

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Journal of Earth Science 2012年第5期23卷 705-718页

作者：蒋幸福彭松柏 timothy m Kusky 王璐王军鹏邓浩 Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory for Geological Processes and mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Three Gorges Research Center for Geo-hazard Ministry of EducationChina University of Geosciences

The stratigraphic, structural and metamorphic features of the basal thrust belt of the ca. 1.0 Ga miaowan （庙湾） ophiolite in the southern Huangling （黄陵） anticline, show that it can be divided into three tectono-lithostratigraphic units from north to south： mélange/wildflysch rock units, flysch rock units, and sedimentary rock units of the autochthonous （in situ） stable continental margin. The three units underwent thrust-related deformation during emplacement of the miaowan ophiolitic nappe, with kinematic indicators indicating movement from the NNE to SSW, with the metamorphic grade reaching greenschist-amphibolite facies. LA-ICP-mS U-Pb geochronology of zircons from granite pebbles in the basal thrust-related wildflysch yield ages of 859±26, 861＋12 and 871±16 ma; whereas monzonitic granite clasts yield an age of 813±14 ma. This indicates that the formation age of the basal thrust belt is not older than 813±14 ma, and is earlier than the earliest formation time of the majority of the Neoproterozoic Huangling granitoid intrusive complex, which did not experience penetrative ductile deforma-tion. These results suggest that the northern margin of the Yangtze craton was involved in collisional tectonics that continued past 813 *** may be related to the amalgamation of the Yangtze craton with the Rodinia supercontinent. Through comparative study of lithology, zircon geochronology, REE patterns between granodiorite and tonalite pebbles in the basal thrust-zone conglomerate, it can be concluded that the pebbles are the most similar to the Huanglingmiao （黄陵庙） rock-mass （unit）, implying that they may have come from Huanglingmiao rock-mass. Zircon cores yield xenocrystic ages of 2 074±120 ma, suggesting that the protolith of the Neoproterozoic Huangling granitoid intrusive complex may have originated from par-tial melting of older basement rocks, that is to say there may be Paleoproterozoic crystalline basement in the southern Huangling anticline. The ages of xenocrystic

关键词： Yangtze craton Huangling anticline thrust tectonics ophiolite emplacement zirconU-Pb dating Rodinia supercontinent.

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Surgery for colorectal liver metastases: The evolution of determining prognosis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2013年第12期5卷 207-221页

作者： Gaya Spolverato Aslam Ejaz Nilo Azad timothy m Pawlik Department of Surgery The Johns Hopkins Hospital Department of medical Oncology The Johns Hopkins Hospital

Despite improvements in the multi-modality treatment of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLm), survival after resection remains varied. Determining prognosis after surgical resection has historically been predicated on preoperative clinicopathological factors such as primary tumor stage, carcinoembryonic antigen levels, number of liver metastases, presence of extrahepatic disease, as well as other factors. While scoring systems have been developed by combining certain preoperative fac- tors, these have been inconsistent in accurately deter- mining prognosis. There has been increasing interest in the use of biologic and molecular markers to predict prognosis following CRLm. The role of markers such as KRAS, BRAF, p53, human telomerase reverse transcrip- tase, thymidylate synthase, Ki-67, and hypoxia inducible factor-1α and their correlation with accurately predict- ing survival after surgical resection have been sup- ported by several studies. Furthermore, other elements such as pathological response to chemotherapy and the presence of circulating tumor cells have shown promise in accurately determining prognosis after resection for colorectal liver *** herein review past, present, and possible future markers of prognosis among colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis undergo-ing resection with curative intent.

关键词： Colorectal metastasis Prognosis Risk score molecular markers Outcomes

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Endocannabinoids are potential inhibitors of glioblastoma multiforme proliferation

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2023年第2期21卷 120-129页

作者： Ashraf Duzan Desiree Reinken timothy L.mcGomery Nicholas m.Ferencz Jacob m.Plummer mufeed m.Basti School of Pharmacy Wingate UniversityWingateNC 28174USA Applied Science and Technology Department North Carolina State University of Agriculture and TechnologyGreensboroNC 27411USA College of Nursing University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA Collage of Arts and Science Department of Chemistry and PhysicsWingate UniversityWingateNC 28174USA

Globally,it is evident that glioblastoma multiforme(GBm)is an aggressive malignant cancer with a high mortality rate and no effective treatment *** is classified as the stage-four progression of a glioma tumor,and its diagnosis results in a shortened life *** options for GBm include chemotherapy,immunotherapy,surgical intervention,and conventional pharmacotherapy;however,at best,they extend the patient’s life by a maximum of 5 *** are considered incurable due to their high recurrence rate,despite various aggressive therapeutic approaches which can have many serious adverse ***,classified as endocannabinoids,offer a promising novel therapeutic approach for *** may enhance the apoptosis of GBm cells but have no effect on normal healthy neural *** promote atypical protein kinase C,deactivate fatty acid amide hydrolase enzymes,and activate transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)and TRPV2 to induce pro-apoptotic signaling pathways without increasing endogenous *** previous in vivo studies,endocannabinoids,chemically classified as amide formations of oleic and palmitic acids,have been shown to increase the pro-apoptotic activity of human cancer cells and inhibit cell migration and *** review focuses on the biological synthesis and pharmacology of endogenous cannabinoids for the enhancement of cancer cell apoptosis,which have potential as a novel therapy for GBm.

关键词： Glioblastoma Endocannabinoids Ceramide Apoptosis Chemotherapy Cancer

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Correlation network analysis shows divergent effects of a long-term,high-fat diet and exercise on early stage osteoarthritis phenotypes in mice

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第2期9卷 119-131页

作者： timothy m.Griffin Albert Batushansky Joanna Hudson Erika Barboza Prado Lopes Aging and metabolism Research Program Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation(OMRF)Oklahoma CityOK 73104USA Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging and Departments of Biochemistry and molecular Biology Physiologyand Geriatric MedicineUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

Background:Obesity increases knee osteoarthritis(OA) risk through metabolic,inflammatory,and biomechanical factors,but how these systemic and local mediators interact to drive OA pathology is not well *** tested the effect of voluntary running exercise after chronic diet-induced obesity on knee OA-related cartilage and bone pathology in *** then used a correlation-based network analysis to identify systemic and local factors associated with early-stage knee OA phenotypes among the different diet and exercise ***:male C57 BL/6 J mice were fed a defined control(10% kcal fat) or high fat(HF)(60% kcal fat) diet from 6 to 37 weeks of *** 25 weeks,one-half of the mice from each diet group were housed in cages with running wheels for the remainder of the ***,micro computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging were used to evaluate changes in joint tissue structure and OA *** local variables were then compared to systemic metabolic(body mass,body fat,and glucose tolerance),inflammatory(serum adipokines and inflammatory mediators),and functional(mechanical tactile sensitivity and grip strength) outcomes using a correlation-based network *** and exercise effects were evaluated by two-way analysis of ***:An HF diet increased the infrapatellar fat pad size and posterior joint osteophytes,and wheel running primarily altered the subchondral cortical and trabecular *** HF diet nor exercise altered average knee cartilage OA scores compared to control ***,the coefficient of variation was≥25% for many outcomes,and some mice in both diet groups developed moderate OA(>33% maximum score).This supported using correlation-based network analyses to identify systemic and local factors associated with early-stage knee OA *** wheel-running cohorts,an HF diet reduced the network size compared to the control diet group despite similar running distances,suggesting that diet-induced obesi

关键词： Inflammation Knee mouse Obesity Wheel running

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Correcting for spatially dependent intrinsic efficiency on a germanium double-sided strip detector to improve nuclear forensics response

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Radiation Detection Technology and methods 2022年第1期6卷 78-87页

作者： timothy Jacomb-Hood James Fast Craig Department of Nuclear Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWAUSA

Purpose The Germanium Gamma-ray Imager(GeGI)is a planar high-purity germanium(HPGe)imaging detector developed by PHDS Co for far-field *** research investigates the detector’s ability for measuring heterogeneous sources in the near field,placed directly on the detector’s faceplate,to perform isotopic mapping for nuclear forensic *** The intrinsic efficiency is strongly dependent on where the photons interact within the *** efficiency varies by up to 20%within the sensitive volume of the *** efficiency was mapped using eight different photons from 123 to 1274 keV emitted from a collimated 154Eu *** were measured at 108 locations to interpolate the efficiency at any point on the detector’s *** The position and energy dependence are uncorrelated,and thus,the absolute efficiency at any position and for any gamma-ray energy can be calculated by the convolution of the spatial and energy *** The results on this research show that detection efficiency for a planar two-sided strip HPGe is spatially dependent and shows typical energy *** spatial dependence,which does not have any additional energy dependence,can be corrected.A 154Eu source was used in this research and was able to spatially calibrate for photon energies ranging from 100 to 1300 *** method is applicable for sources with higher gamma *** advantages of the method demonstrated that after initial in-laboratory calibration,a single measurement in the field can be used to efficiently calibrate the HPGe as a function of photon interaction on the crystal.

关键词： Nuclear forensics Radiation detection Gamma-ray imaging

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Zircon Hf Isotope of Yingfeng Rapakivi Granites from the Quanji massif and ～2.7 Ga Crustal Growth

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Journal of Earth Science 2013年第1期24卷 29-41页

作者：陈能松龚松林夏小平耿红燕王璐孙敏 timothy m Kusky Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Three Gorges Research Center for Geo-hazard Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Department of Earth Sciences University of Hong Kong Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources China University of Geosciences

The Quanji （全吉） massif is located in the Northwest China, which is interpreted as a micro-continent that is composed of metamorphic basement and stable cover strata. There are some controversies of genetic relationship between the Quanji massif and the major cratons in China. In this study, we obtained in situ zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic compositions of the Yingfeng （鹰峰） rapakivi granites from the northwest Quanji massif by application of LA-mC-ICP-mS technique. Twenty U-Pb age measurements points are concordant or near concordant, and their weighted mean 207pb/206pb age is 1 793.9±6.4 ma （mSWD= 1.09）, yields an upper intercept age of 1 800±17 ma （mSWD=0.41）; 19 Hf isotope measurements yield a two-stage Hf model ages （TDm2） of 2.63 to 2.81 Ga, with a weighted average age of about 2.70±0.02 Ga and till（t）values variate between -8.91 to -5.35. This indicates that magma source of the Yingfeng rapakivi granites were produced from partial melting of late stage of Neoarchean juvenile crust, and suggests a significant crustal growth event occurred in the Quanji massif at that time. The Quanji massif might be an ancient continental segment detached from the Tarim Craton based on the crustal growth history and other geological records. The Tarim Craton （including the Quanji massif） and the North China Craton had a similar or homological early crustal evolution around -2.7 Ga, which implies that Tarim Craton might be one of the component parts of North China Craton. of the Yingfeng rapakivi granites were produced from partial melting of late stage of Neoarchean juve- nile crust, and suggests a significant crustal growth event occurred in the Quanji massif at that time. The Quanji massif might be an ancient continental segment detached from the Tarim Craton based on the crustal growth history and other geological records. The Tarim Craton （including the Quanji massif） and the North China Craton had a similar or homological early crustal evolution around -2.7 Ga, which implies

关键词： Quanji massif rapakivi granite zircon Hf isotope Tarim-North China Craton crustal growth tectonic evolution.

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Application of the modern ophiolite concept with special reference to Precambrian ophiolites

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第3期54卷 315-341页

作者： timothy m. KUSKY WANG Lu Yildirim DILEK Paul ROBINSON PENG SongBai HUANG XuYa State Key Lab for Geological Processes and mineral Resources Three Gorges Research Center for Geohazards Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Department of Geology miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA Department of Earth Sciences Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada

much has been learned in the past 40 years about the great diversity of the internal structure and geochemical compositions of Phanerozoic ophiolites, indicating that these on-land fragments of ancient oceanic lithosphere formed in distinctly different tectonic settings during their igneous evolution. Recent studies in Archean and Proterozoic greenstone belts have shown that the Precambrian rock record may also include exposures of a diverse suite of ophiolite complexes as part of craton development in the early history of the Earth. We review the salient features of the Precambrian ophiolite record to highlight what has been learned about Precambrian oceanic spreading systems since the original Penrose definition of ophiolites in 1972. Some of the diagnostic, characteristic, typical, and rare aspects of ophiolites of all ages are presented in a table in order to help determine if tectonically deformed and metamophosed sequences in Precambrian shield areas may be considered as ophiolites. The results of this comparative study are important in that they enable researchers to more realistically characterize allochthonous mafic/ultramafic rock sequences as ophiolitic or non-ophiolitic. This approach is more deterministic in contrast to some other arbitrary classification schemes requiring three or four of the Penrose-style ophiolitic units to be present in the Precambrian record for a specific rock sequence to be considered ophiolitic. Once these tectonic fragments are recognized as remnants of ancient oceanic lithosphere, great progress shall be made in understanding early Earth history. We discuss the significance and implications of the Precambrian ophiolite record to constrain the mode and nature of the plate tectonics that operated in deep time.

关键词： ophiolite Precambrian craton greenstone belt

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management of borderline and locally advanced pancreatic cancer:Where do we stand?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2255-2266页

作者： Jin He Andrew J Page matthew Weiss Christopher L Wolfgang Joseph m Herman timothy m Pawlik Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287 United States Department of Radiation Oncology Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287 United States

many patients with pancreas cancer present with locally advanced pancreatic cancer(LAPC).The principle tools used for diagnosis and staging of LAPC include endoscopic ultrasound,axial imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,and diagnostic *** definition of resectability has historically been vague,as there is considerable debate and controversy as to the definition of *** the patient with LAPC,there is some level of involvement of the surrounding vascular structures,which include the superior mesenteric artery,celiac axis,hepatic artery,superior mesenteric vein,or portal *** feasible,most surgeons would recommend possible surgical resection for patients with borderline LAPC,with the goal of an R0 *** initially unresectable LAPC,neoadjuvant should be strongly ***,these patients should be offered neoadjuvant therapy,and the tumor should be assessed for possible response and eventual *** efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy with this approach as a bridge to potential curative resection is broad,ranging from 3%-79%.The different modalities of neoadjuvant therapy include sin-gle or multi-agent chemotherapy combined with radiation,chemotherapy alone,and chemotherapy followed by chemotherapy with *** review focuses on patients with LAPC and addresses recent advances and controversies in the field.

关键词： Pancreas Locally advanced Chemotherapy Radiation Irreversible electroporation Pancreatic cancer

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Furrow design for improving crop establishment of two-wheel tractor operated strip tillage planters in loam and clay loam soils

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第3期14卷 130-139页

作者： m.Arshadul Hoque m.m.Hossain A.T.m.Ziauddin timothy J.Krupnik mahesh K.Gathala Senior Scientific Officer FMP Engineering DivisionBangladesh Agricultural Research InstituteGazipur-1701Bangladesh Department of Farm Power and machinery Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh International maize and Wheat Improvement Center-Bangladesh Dhaka-1213Bangladesh

Conservation agriculture(CA)based production systems may help in achieving more sustainable intensification of cropping systems that use less labour and energy and have higher profit margins,in addition to soil conservation and environmental impact mitigation *** these objectives can only be achieved when the right mechanization options,including appropriate crop establishment equipment,are in place to assist in timely field *** urgent need exists,therefore,to fine tune and re-adjust the existing two-wheel tractor(2WT)operated seed drills,with specific reference to the design of blade and furrow openers,while at the same time considering performance in different soil types and *** this end,experiments were conducted during 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 at two BARI Regional Agricultural Research Stations in Jamalpur and Barisal,Bangladesh,on a loam and clay loam soil,respectively,to evaluate five types of furrow opener for strip *** and modified shoe-type furrow openers were tested and compared with three inverted-T furrow openers with rake angles of 75°,65°and 55°.The newly designed inverted-T furrow openers were narrower than the shoe-type openers;they also had a longer,hollow shanks and provided better options for adjustment to achieve the desired seeding depth and line *** to shoe-type openers,better seeding depth,uniformity and higher degree of seed coverage were recorded with use of the inverted-T furrow opener with a 65°rake *** resulted in better seed coverage in the furrow,a higher emergence rate index,and the highest emergence percentage of maize and mung *** research findings can be generalized to smallholder production systems on loam and clay loam soils where farmers utilize 2WT operated seed drills for crop establishment in both traditional and conservation agriculture-based planting systems.

关键词： two-wheel tractor strip tillage planter inverted-T furrow opener rake angle conservation agriculture emergence percentage

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Kinetics of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid sorption onto montmorillonite clays in soil and their translocation to genetically modified corn

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： meichen Wang Kelly J Rivenbark timothy D Phillips Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyphosate(GLP)and aminomethylphosphonic acid(AmPA)in contaminated water,soil,sediment and plants is a cause for concern due to potential threats to the ecosystem and human health.A major route of exposure is through contact with contaminated soil and consumption of crops containing GLP and AmPA ***,clay-based sorption strategies for mixtures of GLP and AmPA in soil,plants and garden produce have been very *** this study,in vitro soil and in vivo genetically modified corn models were used to establish the proof of concept that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contaminated soils will reduce the bioavailability of GLP and AmPA in soils and their adverse effects on plant *** of chemical concentration(1–10 mg/kg),sorbent dose(0.5%-3%in soil and 0.5%-1%in plants)and duration(up to 28 days)on sorption kinetics were *** time course results showed a continuous GLP degradation to *** inclusion of calcium montmorillonite(Cm)and acid processed montmorillonite(APm)clays at all doses significantly and consistently reduced the bioavailability of both chemicals from soils to plant roots and leaves in a dose-and time-dependent manner without detectable *** treated with 0.5%and 1%APm inclusion showed the highest growth rate(p≤0.05)and lowest chemical bioavailability with up to 76%reduction in roots and57%reduction in *** indicated that montmorillonite clays could be added as soil supplements to reduce hazardous mixtures of GLP and AmPA in soils and plants.

关键词： Glyphosate AmPA Adsorption Soil remediation Plant Hydroponic system

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