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Effect of thinning intensity on the stem CO_(2) efflux of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr

Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 841-855页

作者： Kuangji Zhao timothy j.Fahey Xiangzhen Wang jie Wang Fang He Chuan Fan Zhongkui jia Xianwei Li Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River College of ForestrySichuan Agricultural University611130 ChengduChina Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education College of ForestryBeijing Forestry University100083 BeijingChina Department of Natural Resources Cornell University14853 New YorkUSA

Background:Stem CO_(2) efflux(E_(S))plays a critical role in the carbon budget of forest *** is a core practice for sustainable management of *** is therefore necessary and urgent to study the effect and mechanism of thinning intensity(TI)on E_(S).Methods:In this study,five TIs were applied in Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr 21-,25-,and 41-year-old stands in North China in *** infrared gas analyzer(Li-8100 A)was used to measure ES and its association with environmental factors at monthly intervals from May to October in 2013 to *** addition,nutrients,wood structure and nonstructural carbon(NSC)data were measured in August ***:The results show that ES increased with increasing *** maximum ES values occurred at a TI of 35%(3.29,4.57 and 2.98μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))and were 1.54-,1.94-and 2.89-fold greater than the minimum E_(S) value in the CK stands(2.14,2.35 and 1.03μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))in july for the 21-,25-and 41-year-old forests,*** E_(S) of the trees in low-density stands was more sensitive to temperature than that of the trees in high-density *** sugars(SS)and temperature are the main factors affecting *** the stand density is low enough as 41-year-old ***-rupprechtii forests with TI 35%,bark thickness(BT)and humidity should be considered in addition to air temperature(T_(a)),wood temperature(T_(w)),sapwood width(SW),nitrogen concentration(N)and SS in the evaluation of *** a change in stand density is ignored,the CO_(2) released from individual 21-,25-and 41-year-old trees could be underestimated by 168.89%,101.94% and 200.49%,***_(2) release was estimated based on the stem equation in combination with the factors influencing ES for ***:We suggest that it is not sufficient to conventional models which quantify ES only by temperature and that incorporating the associated drivers(***,SS,SW and N)based on stand density into conventional model

关键词： Stem CO_(2)efflux Thinning intensity Environmental factors Nutrient content Wood structure Nonstructural carbon Larix principis-rupprechtii

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Visualization of the Machine Learning Process Using j48 Decision Tree for Biometrics through ECG Signal

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journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2022年第12期15卷 287-296页

作者： Robert LeMoyne timothy Mastroianni Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona USA Department of Biomedical Technology Czech Technical University in Prague Prague Czech Republic Cognition Engineering Pittsburgh USA

The inherently unique qualities of the heart infer the candidacy for the domain of biometrics, which applies physiological attributes to establish the recognition of a person’s identity. The heart’s characteristics can be ascertained by recording the electrical signal activity of the heart through the acquisition of an electrocardiogram (ECG). With the application of machine learning the subject specific ECG signal can be differentiated. However, the process of distinguishing subjects through machine learning may be considered esoteric, especially for contributing subject matter experts external to the domain of machine learning. A resolution to this dilemma is the application of the j48 decision tree available through the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA). The j48 decision tree elucidates the machine learning process through a visualized decision tree that attains classification accuracy through the application of thresholds applied to the numeric attributes of the feature set. Additionally, the numeric attributes of the feature set for the application of the j48 decision tree are derived from the temporal organization of the ECG signal maxima and minima for the respective P, Q, R, S, and T waves. The j48 decision tree achieves considerable classification accuracy for the distinction of subjects based on their ECG signal, for which the machine learning model is briskly composed.

关键词： j48 Decision Tree ECG Signal Biometrics Machine Learning Signal Analysis Machine Learning Trust

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Estimating Pinus palustris tree diameter and stem volume from tree height,crown area and stand-level parameters

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journal of Forestry Research 2014年第1期25卷 43-52页

作者： C.A.Gonzalez-Benecke Salvador A.Gezan Lisa j.Samuelson Wendell P.Cropper Daniel j.Leduc timothy A.Martin School of Forest Resources and Conservation P.O.Box 110410University of Florida School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences 3301SFWS BuildingAuburn University USDA Forest Service Southern Research StationAlexandria Forestry Center

Accurate and efficient estimation of forest growth and live biomass is a critical element in assessing potential responses to forest management and environmental change. The objective of this study was to develop models to predict longleaf pine tree diameter at breast height （dbh） and merchantable stem volume （V） using data obtained from field measurements. We used longleaf pine tree data from 3,376 planted trees on 127 permanent plots located in the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain region to fit equations to predict dbh and V as functions of tree height （H） and crown area （CA）. Prediction of dbh as a function of H improved when CA was added as an additional independent variable. Similarly, predic- tions of V based on H improved when CA was included. Incorporation of additional stand variables such as age, site index, dominant height, and stand density were also evaluated but resulted in only small improvements in model performance. For model testing we used data from planted and naturally-regenerated trees located inside and outside the geographic area used for model fitting. Our results suggest that the models are a robust alternative for dbh and V estimations when H and CA are known on planted stands with potential for naturally-regenerated stands, across a wide range of ages. We discuss the importance of these models for use with metrics derived from remote sensing data.

关键词： Longleaf pine diameter-height relationships crown area individual-tree stem volume growth and yield modeling

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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert j.Thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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Ophthalmic surgery teaching

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Annals of Eye Science 2019年第1期4卷 97-103页

作者： timothy V.Roberts Adam j.H.Plant Chris Hodge Sydney Medical School The University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Ophthalmology Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia Vision Eye Institute SydneyNew South WalesAustralia

The outcomes of modern ophthalmic surgery,especially cataract surgery,continue to improve and patients now realistically expect an excellent and speedy outcome with good vision and few *** and regulatory demands for greater transparency and accountability in medicine have increased,highlighting a fundamental ethical tension in medical education-balancing the needs of trainees(who have not yet mastered the technique)to gain experience by performing surgery,with patient safety and the needs of the public to be protected from *** safety and well-being are the paramount considerations in any training program and must be the first consideration in program design.A variety of different educational strategies,each implemented with the aim of improving operative skills assessment and teaching,has recently been described in the *** use of these educational tools,combined with a structured approach to teaching and providing meaningful feedback,could improve outcomes,decrease complications and improve the quality and efficiency of surgical training in *** must assess their teaching style and communication,as being a good surgeon does not necessarily make a good *** disclosure must be given to patients about who will be performing the surgery,and communication during surgery between supervisors and trainees must be clear,respectful and appropriate.

关键词： Ophthalmic cataract surgery training capsulotomy

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NECAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.E.Schafer Sudena Wang Michael j.Schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NECAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NECAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NECAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NECAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NECAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NECAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

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Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** Benth.(Rutaceae):ethnomedicinal uses,phytochemistry,pharmacological activities,toxicity,and clinical application

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Traditional Medicine Research 2022年第6期7卷 12-42页

作者： timothy Omara Ambrose K.Kiprop Viola j.Kosgei Sarah Kagoya Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Sciences and Aerospace StudiesMoi UniversityEldoret 3900-30100Kenya Africa Centre of ExcellenceⅡin Phytochemicals Textile and Renewable Energy(ACE II PTRE)Moi UniversityEldoret 3900-30100Kenya Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources Department of ChemistryUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna(BOKU)Tulln 3430Austria Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKyambogo UniversityKampala 1Uganda

Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** a plant extensively used in traditional ***,a synopsis of the research on various aspects of Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** *** electronic literature review revealed that formulations containing Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** used to manage and treat diabetes,eye problems,malaria,snake envenomation,malignancies,as well as venereal,gastrointestinal,reproductive,respiratory,dermatological,and odonatological *** date,90 compounds have been isolated and characterized from extracts of Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** extracts and isolated compounds from Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antioxidant,antiplasmodial,antiproliferative,anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1,antimycobacterial,antihypertensive,and antidiabetic *** bioactivities can be attributed to alkaloids,coumarins,limonoids,and phenylpropanoids present in different parts of the *** some studies have indicated moderate toxicity of the extracts,some of the dominant compounds in this species,such as estragole and carbazole alkaloids,are mutagenic or cytotoxic.A clinical trial utilizing a Ghanaian herbal formulation containing Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** found to be effective in reducing pain associated with *** progress to date supports the traditional use of this species in herbal ***,these studies do not explain the relationships between traditional uses,pharmacological activities,and mechanisms of ***,further studies should be designed to understand the biochemical properties and physiological effects of Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** ***,facilitating the development and utilization of this medicinal resource.

关键词： carbazole alkaloid coumarin limonoid phenylpropanoid essential oil

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Machine learning-guided accelerated discovery of structure-property correlations in lean magnesium alloys for biomedical applications

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2267-2283页

作者： Sreenivas Raguraman Maitreyee Sharma Priyadarshini Tram Nguyen Ryan McGovern Andrew Kim Adam j.Griebel Paulette Clancy timothy P.Weihs Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins School of Medicine400 N BroadwayBaltimore21231MDU.S.A Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Research and Development Fort Wayne Metals Research ProductsLLC9609 Ardmore AveFort Wayne46809INU.S.A Department of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A

Magnesium alloys are emerging as promising alternatives to traditional orthopedic implant materials thanks to their biodegradability,biocompatibility,and impressive mechanical ***,their rapid in-vivo degradation presents challenges,notably in upholding mechanical integrity over *** study investigates the impact of high-temperature thermal processing on the mechanical and degradation attributes of a lean Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloy,*** rapid,cost-efficient characterization methods like X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy,we swiftly examine microstructural changes post-thermal *** Pearson correlation coefficient analysis,we unveil the relationship between microstructural properties and critical targets(properties):hardness and corrosion ***,leveraging the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO),we pinpoint the dominant microstructural factors among closely correlated *** findings underscore the significant role of grain size refinement in strengthening and the predominance of the ternary Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3)phase in corrosion *** suggests that achieving an optimal blend of strength and corrosion resistance is attainable through fine grains and reduced concentration of ternary *** thorough investigation furnishes valuable insights into the intricate interplay of processing,structure,and properties in magnesium alloys,thereby advancing the development of superior biodegradable implant materials.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Machine learning Corrosion Mechanical properties Rapid characterization

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Management of borderline and locally advanced pancreatic cancer:Where do we stand?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2255-2266页

作者： jin He Andrew j Page Matthew Weiss Christopher L Wolfgang joseph M Herman timothy M Pawlik Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287 United States Department of Radiation Oncology Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287 United States

Many patients with pancreas cancer present with locally advanced pancreatic cancer(LAPC).The principle tools used for diagnosis and staging of LAPC include endoscopic ultrasound,axial imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,and diagnostic *** definition of resectability has historically been vague,as there is considerable debate and controversy as to the definition of *** the patient with LAPC,there is some level of involvement of the surrounding vascular structures,which include the superior mesenteric artery,celiac axis,hepatic artery,superior mesenteric vein,or portal *** feasible,most surgeons would recommend possible surgical resection for patients with borderline LAPC,with the goal of an R0 *** initially unresectable LAPC,neoadjuvant should be strongly ***,these patients should be offered neoadjuvant therapy,and the tumor should be assessed for possible response and eventual *** efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy with this approach as a bridge to potential curative resection is broad,ranging from 3%-79%.The different modalities of neoadjuvant therapy include sin-gle or multi-agent chemotherapy combined with radiation,chemotherapy alone,and chemotherapy followed by chemotherapy with *** review focuses on patients with LAPC and addresses recent advances and controversies in the field.

关键词： Pancreas Locally advanced Chemotherapy Radiation Irreversible electroporation Pancreatic cancer

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Investigation of volatile methyl siloxanes in biogas and the ambient environment in a landfill

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第5期32卷 54-61页

作者： Ning Wang Li Tan Lianke Xie Yu Wang timothy Ellis School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource ReuseShandong UniversityJinan266237China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP^3) Shanghai200433China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan250100China State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Electric Power Science Research InstituteJinan250100China Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources&Environment Engineering China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Department of Civil Constructionand Environmental EngineeringIowa State UniversityIowaUSA

Landfill biogas is a potential alternative for fossil fuel,but the containing impurities,volatile methyl siloxanes(simplified as siloxanes),often cause serious problems in gas turbines when applied to generate *** this research,a collecting and analyzing method based on solvent adsorption and purge and trap-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was established to determine the siloxanes in biogas from a landfill in jinan,China,and adjacent ambient samples,such as soil,air,and leachate of the *** results showed that,octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane(D4)and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(D5)accounted for 63%of total siloxanes;and without considering D4 and D5,the order of detected siloxanes in concentration was found relating to Gibbs free energies of molecules,namely that higher abundant siloxane(except for D4 and D5)usually had lower Gibbs free ***,the mass ratio between D4 and octamethyltrisiloxane(L3)in the bio gas varied with different garbage age in landfills,possibly revealing the breaking-down of larger siloxane molecules with *** samples,which were collected from environmental samples adjacent to the landfill,such as soil,water,and air,presented much higher siloxane level than urban or rural area away from *** current H2 S scrubber of the landfill biogas could decrease the total siloxanes from 10.7 to 5.75 mg/m^3 due to Fe2 O3 and a refrigerant drier in a purification system and cyclic siloxanes were more easily removed than linear ones.

关键词： Biogas Siloxane Landfill Purge and trap GC-MS

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