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Optimization of micropatterned poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) films for enhancing dorsal root ganglion cell orientation and extension

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 105-111页

作者： Ching-wen Li Brett davis Jill Shea Himanshu Sant Bruce Kent Gale Jayant Agarwal Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Department of Surgery School of Medicine University of Utah Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Utah

Nerve conduits have been a viable alternative to the ‘gold standard’ autograft for treating small peripheral nerve gap injuries. However, they often produce inadequate functional recovery outcomes and are ineffective in large gap injuries. Ridge/groove surface micropatterning has been shown to promote neural cell orientation and guide growth. However, optimization of the ratio of ridge/groove parameters to promote orientation and extension for dorsal root ganglion （DRG） cells on poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） films has not been previously conducted. Photolithography and micro-molding were used to define various combinations of ridge/groove dimensions on PLGA films. The DRG cells obtained from chicken embryos were cultured on micropatterned PLGA films for cell orientation and migration *** of the films occurred during the test period, however, this did not cause deformation or distortion of the micropatterns. Results from the DRG cell orientation test suggest that when the ridge/groove ratio equals 1 （ridge/groove width parameters are equal, i.e., 10 μm/10 μm （even））, the degree of alignment depends on the size of the ridges and grooves, when the ratio is smaller than 1 （groove controlled） the alignment increases as the ridge size decreases, and when the ratio is larger than 1 （ridge controlled）, the alignment is reduced as the width of the grooves decreases. The migration rate and neurite extension of DRG neurons were greatest on 10 μm/10 μm and 30 μm/30 μm micropatterned PLGA films. Based on the data, the 10 μm/10 μm and 30 μm/30 μm micropatterned PLGA films are the optimized ridge/groove surface patterns for the construction of nerve repair devices.

关键词： nerve regeneration nerve repair neural cell migration neural cell alignment micropattern dorsal root ganglion topological cues neural regeneration

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Characterization of Compact Support of Fourier Transform for Orthonormal wavelets of L^2(R^d)

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2005年第4期21卷 855-864页

作者： Zhi Hua ZHANG (Zhihua ZHANG) Department of Mathematics,University of California,davis,California.95616,USA Department of Mathematics University of California Davis California 95616 USA

Let{ψμ} be an orthonormal wavelet of L^2（R^d） and the support of a whole of its Fourier transform be Uμsupp{ψμ}=Пi=1^d[Ai, Di]-Пi=1^d（Bi, Ci）, Ai≤Bi≤Ci≤Di. Under the weakest condition that each │ψμ│,... 详细信息

关键词： Orthonormal wavelets Multiresolution analysis Scaling function Compact support

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The world＇s Longest Tunnel

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Engineering 2016年第3期2卷 263-264页

作者： Lance A. davis Senior Advisor. US National Academy of En~neering

The world’s longest and deepest tunnel,the 57.1 km long Gotthard Base Tunnel,was officially opened on June 1,2016 after 20years of effort[1,2],as shown in Fig.1[3,4].The tunnel,actually twin tubes,under the Gotthard Massif of the Swiss Alps connects Erstfeld in the north to Bodio in the south,effectively connecting northern and southern Europe with a high speed-high

关键词：隧道世界阿尔卑斯山脉环境影响快速列车高容量公里连接

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Enhancement of properties of recycled coarse aggregate concrete using bacteria

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2016年第1期7卷 22-38页

作者： Kirti Kanta Sahoo Manoranjan Arakha Pradip Sarkar Robin davis P Suman Jha Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia Department of Life Science National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia

Due to rapid construction,necessity for raw materials of concrete,especially coarse aggregate,tends to increase the danger of early exhaustion of the natural *** alternative source of raw materials would perhaps delay the advent of this early *** coarse aggregate(RCA)plays a great role as an alternative raw material that can replace the natural coarse aggregate(NCA)for *** studies show that the properties of RCA concrete are inferior in quality compared to NCA *** article attempts to study the improvement of properties of RCA concrete with the addition of bacteria named as Bacillus *** experimental inves-tigation was carried out to evaluate the improvement of the compres-sive strength,capillary water absorption,and drying shrinkage of RCA concrete incorporating *** compressive strength of RCA concrete is found to be increased by about 20%when the cell con-centration of *** is 10^(6) cells/*** capillary water absorptionas well as drying shrinkage of RCA are reduced when bacteria is *** improvement of RCA concrete is confirmed to be due to the calcium carbonate precipitation as observed from the microstructure studies carried out on it such as EDX,SEM,and XRD.

关键词： Bacteria compressive strength capillary action dry shrinkage

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Major thrust sheet in the Daqing Shan Mountains, Inner Mongolia, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 1998年第5期41卷 553-560页

作者：郑亚东 G.A.davis 王琮 B.J.Darby 华永刚 1. Department of Geology Peking University 100871 Beijing China 2. Department of Geosciences University of Southern California 90089 California Los Angeles USA

Small thrust faults in the Daqing Shan that were previously mapped as separate structures belong to a single Mesozoic thrust, herein named the Daqing Shan thrust. It extends more than 155 km along the northern margin of the Daqing Shan, obliquely cutting the Daqing Shan along the western flank of the Jinluandian peak to the southeast and taking its way to Chayouzhongqi to the east. Kinematic markers indicate tectonic transport of the thrust sheet to the NNw. Minimum displacement, based on the observable outcrops, is 22 km, and the inferred thrusting distance may be larger than 35 km. The thrust sheet covers the whole eastern area of the Daqing Shan. The thrust truncates the E-w trending, somewhat older South-directed Panyanshan thrust and, therefore, the two faults are not as a result of counter thrusting. Such major intraplate tectonic deformation that occurred in the Inner Mongolia Axis or the Yin Shan latitudinal tectonic belt during late Jurassic time calls for deep thought on its tectonic significance in dynamics. It is most likely that the Daqing Shan thrust represents major intraplate shortening during Jurassic-Cretaceous closure of the Mongolo-Okhotsk ocean about 1000 krn away to the north.

关键词： Daqing Shan late Jurassic major intraplate thrust Mongolo\|Okhotsk ocean far\|field effects.

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First Stage Recovery

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Engineering 2016年第2期2卷 152-153页

作者： Lance A. davis Senior Advisor US National Academy of Engineering

On April 8, 2016, a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched a payload from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida USA and the first stage rocket returned to earth onto a floating drone ship in the Atlantic Ocean [1 ]. This was only the second time an orbital class rocket achieved a successful touchdown. The first time was December 21, 2015, when a Falcon 9 was launched from Cape Canaveral and returned to the launching pad [2] （Fig. 1）. In the past, first stage rockets were designed to burn up on reentry. These recovery operations represent impressive achievements in guidance, navigation, and control, and provided some spectacular long range video [1-3] and still pictures of the barge landing from the perspective of the barge [4].

关键词：美国佛罗里达州火箭发射一阶再入大气层空军基地有效载荷大西洋无人机

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The Passing of an Era

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Engineering 2016年第2期2卷 149-150页

作者： Lance A. davis Senior Advisor US National Academy of Engineering

Much has been written about the impending demise of Moore＇s Law, the exponential scaling of transistor density on in- tegrated circuit （IC） chips. when pondering the consequences of this upcoming shift, it is appropriate to take a moment to note the passing of Andrew Grove on March 21, 2016 at the age of 79. Grove was the CEO of Intel Corporation from 1987 to 1998, fol- lowing Gordon Moore, and was then its Chair until 2005. As much as anyone, Grove was responsible for transforming Moore＇s Law and the information revolution into realities.

关键词：首席执行官英特尔公司集成电路信息革命晶体管

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Genetically Engineered Crops

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Engineering 2016年第3期2卷 268-269页

作者： Lance A. davis Senior Advisor US National Academy of Engineering

The issue of genetically engineered(GE)crops has been a contentious one since shortly after the initial development of recombinant DNA manipulation techniques in the *** is a discussion which has played out frequently in the popular press,occasionally in sensational fashion,and left some people looking expectantly for great advances to eliminate world hunger。

关键词：转基因作物基因工程作物重组DNA技术转基因食品大众媒体释放过程环境损害科学院

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Climate Agreement

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Engineering 2016年第4期2卷 387-388页

作者： Lance A. davis Senior Advisor US National Academy of Engineering

On Saturday September 3, 2016, on the eve of the G20 Summit in Hangzhou, China, the US, following earlier negotiations with China, agreed to join the Paris Agreement on climate change reached in December 2015 [1,2], joining the prior commitment made by China. In order to go into force, the agreement required ratification by 55 countries representing 55% of global emissions. with the agreement on the part of China and the US, representing together 38% of global emissions, obstacles on the path to ratification were markedly reduced. Indeed, on November 4 the required ratifications were reached in order to put the agreement in force 131.

关键词：气候变化协议中国 G20 障碍物美国生效

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why forefoot striking in minimal shoes might positively change the course of running injuries

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第2期6卷 154-161页

作者： Irene S.davis Hannah M.Rice Scott C.wearing Spaulding National Running Center Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School Sport and Health Sciences University of Exeter Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology

It is believed that human ancestors evolved the ability to run bipedally approximately 2 million years ago. This form of locomotion may have been important to our survival and likely has influenced the evolution of our body form. As our bodies have adapted to run, it seems unusual that up to 79% of modern day runners are injured annually. The etiology of these injuries is clearly multifactorial. However, 1 aspect of running that has significantly changed over the past 50 years is the footwear we use. Modern running shoes have become increasingly cushioned and supportive, and have changed the way we run. In particular, they have altered our footstrike pattern from a predominantly forefoot strike(FFS) landing to a predominantly rearfoot strike(RFS) landing. This change alters the way in which the body is loaded and may be contributing to the high rate of injuries runners experience while engaged in an activity for which they were adapted. In this paper, we will examine the benefits of barefoot running(typically an FFS pattern),and compare the lower extremity mechanics between FFS and RFS. The implications of these mechanical differences, in terms of injury, will be discussed. we will then provide evidence to support our contention that FFS provides an optimal mechanical environment for specific foot and ankle structures, such as the heel pad, the plantar fascia, and the Achilles tendon. The importance of footwear will then be addressed, highlighting its interaction with strike pattern on mechanics. This analysis will underscore why footwear matters when assessing mechanics. Finally, proper preparation and safe transition to an FFS pattern in minimal shoes will be emphasized. Through the discussion of the current literature, we will develop a justification for returning to running in the way for which we were adapted to reduce running-related injuries.

关键词： shoes running injuries strike predominantly landing tendon striking plantar locomotion

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