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Impact of smoking cannabidiol (CBD)-rich marij.ana on driving ability

Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第4期6卷 195-207页

作者： tim j.Gelmi Wolfgang Weinmann Matthias Pfäffli Department of Forensic Toxicology and chemistry institute of Forensic MedicineUniversity of BernBernswitzerland Graduate school for cellular and Biomedical sciences(GcB) University of BernBernswitzerland Department of Traffic sciences institute of Forensic MedicineUniversity of BernBernswitzerland

To investigate effects of smoking cannabidiol(CBD)-rich marij.ana on driving ability and determine free CBD andΔ9-tetrahydrocannabinol(THC)concentrations in capillary blood samples,a randomised,double-blind,placebo-controlled,two-way crossover pilot study was conducted with 33 *** smoked a j.int containing 500 mg of tobacco and either 500 mg of CBD-rich marij.ana(16.6%total CBD;0.9%total THC)or 500 mg of a placebo substance,then performed three different dimensions of the Vienna Test System TRAFFIC examining reaction time,behaviour under stress,and concentration *** further assessment of participants’fitness to drive,three tests of balance and coordination were evaluated and vital signs(blood pressure and pulse)were *** blood spot samples of capillary blood were taken after smoking and after completion of the tests to determine the cannabinoid concentrations(CBD,THC and THC-metabolites).The results revealed no significant differences between the effects of smoking CBD-rich marij.ana and placebo on reaction time,motor time,behaviour under stress,or concentration *** free CBD and THC concentrations in capillary blood were detected shortly after smoking,ranging between 2.6-440.0 ng/mL and 6.7-102.0 ng/mL,*** 45 min,capillary blood concentrations had already declined and were in the range of 1.9-135.0 ng/mL(free CBD)and 0.9-38.0 ng/mL(free THC).Although the observed levels of free THC concentrations have been reported to cause symptoms of impairment in previous studies in which THC-rich marij.ana was smoked,no signs of impairment were found in the current *** finding suggests that higher CBD concentrations cause a negative allosteric effect in the endocannabinoid system,preventing the formation of such ***,it is recommended that consumers refrain from driving for several hours after smoking CBD-rich marij.ana,as legal THC concentration limits may be exceeded.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic toxicology cannabidiol driving while impaired road safety driving assessment

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Unraveling giant Cu（110） surface restructuring induced by a non-planar phthalocyanine

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Nano Research 2018年第5期11卷 2605-2611页

作者： Nataliya Kalashnyk Luke A. Rochford Dongzhe Li Alexander Smogunov Yannick j. Dappe tim S. j.nes Laurent Guillemot Institut des Sciences Moleculaires d'Orsay CNRS Universite Paris-Sud 11 Orsay 91405 France School of Chemistry The University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK Department of Physics University ofKonstanz Konstanz 78457 Germany SPEC CEA CNRS Universite Paris-Saclay CEA Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex 91191 France

The surface stability of coinage metals is paramount when they are used as electrode materials for functional electronic devices incorporating organic semiconductors. In this work, it is shown that the adsorption of non-planar vanadyl phthalocyanine molecules on Cu（110） drastically restructured the metal surface at room temperature, which was further enhanced upon moderate annealing. Scanning tunneling microscopy imaging demonstrated that the surface was restructured at step edges into sawtooth features that gradually replaced the （110） terraces. The edges of the modified steps were preferentially composed of chiral （1×6） kink sites decorated with vanadyl phthalocyanine molecules adsorbed in a tilted configuration with the oxygen atom pointing downwards. These results can have a strong impact on the optimization of the performance of organic devices integrated with phthalocyanine molecules.

关键词： surface restructuring step-etching chiral kink phthalocyanine

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High-resolution peat records for Holocene monsoon history in the eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第6期49卷 615-621页

作者： Lars G. Franzen A.j.tim j.ll Department of Earth Sciences Goteborg University P.O. Box 460 SE-405 30 Goteborg Sweden NSF-AMS Facility University of Arizona Arizona AZ85721 USA

The variations of summer and winter monsoons during the Holocene in theeastern Tibetan Plateau are shown to follow two basic models based on the reliable dating andhigh-resolution monsoon proxies determinations, one being a synchronous model in that both summerand winter monsoons are strengthening or decreasing, and the other to form a complementary *** two different patterns evenly interact with each other on different time scales and togethercompose a complicated monsoon climatic model in this region. The climatic condition integrated bywinter and summer monsoons is synchronous to the global pattern, which also shows the instability ofthe Holocene climate on centennial-millennial timescale. The abrupt monsoon event in about 6.2 kacat. BP is much more severe than that in ca. 8.0 ka cal. BP, which indicates the regional characterof the Asian monsoon and that the Asian monsoon climate is indeed a window on the global climatesystem.

关键词： eastern Tibetan Plateau, Holocene, winter and summer monsoons, asynchronous, peat, climate instability.

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Comparison of cognitive and UHDRS measures in monitoring disease progression in Huntington’s disease: a 12-month longitudinal study

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2014年第1期3卷 109-118页

作者： Eng A Toh Michael R MacAskill j.hn C Dalrymple-Alford Daniel j.Myall Leslie Livingston Sandy AD Macleod tim j.anderson Department of Medicine Christchurch School of Medicine&Health SciencesUniversity of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand New Zealand Brain Research Institute ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Psychology University of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand Brain Inj.ry Rehabilitation Service Canterbury District Health BoardChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Neurology Canterbury District Health BoardChristchurchNew Zealand

Progressive cognitive decline is a feature of Huntington’s disease(HD),an inherited neurodegenerative movement *** neuropsychological testing is the‘gold standard’to establish cognitive status but is often impractical in time-constrained *** study evaluated the utility of brief cognitive tests(MMSE and MoCA),UHDRS measures and a comprehensive neuropsychological tests battery in monitoring short-term disease progression in ***-two manifest HD patients and 22 matched controls were assessed at baseline and 12-month.A linear mixed-effect model showed that although the HD group had minimal change in overall global cognition after 12 months,they did show a significant decline relative to the control *** controls exhibited a practice effect in most of the cognitive domain scores over *** decline at 12-month in HD was found in the executive function domain but the effect of this on global cognitive score was masked by the improvement in their language domain *** varying practice effects by cognitive domain with repeated testing indicates the importance of comparing HD patients to control group in research trials and that cognitive progression over 12 months in HD should not be j.dged by changes in global cognitive *** three brief cognitive tests effectively described cognition of HD patients on cross-sectional *** UHDRS cognitive component,which focuses on testing executive function and had low variance over time,is a more reliable brief substitute for comprehensive neuropsychological testing than MMSE and MoCA in monitoring cognitive changes in HD patients after 12 months.

关键词： Huntington’s disease Disease progression Cognition UHDRS Longitudinal

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Effect of dietary fibre on the gastrointestinal microbiota during critical illness:A scoping review

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World j.urnal of Critical Care Medicine 2025年第1期14卷 49-59页

作者： Angaj.ndra N Ghosh Calum j.Walsh Matthew j.Maiden tim P Stinear Adam M Deane Department of Intensive Care The Northern HospitalEpping 3076VictoriaAustralia Department of Microbiology and Immunology The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourne 3052VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care The Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care Medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia

The systemic effects of gastrointestinal(GI)microbiota in health and during chronic diseases is increasingly *** strategies to modulate the GI microbiota during chronic diseases have demonstrated *** changes in dietary intake can rapidly change the GI microbiota,the impact of dietary changes during acute critical illness on the microbiota remain *** fibre is metabolised by carbohydrate-active enzymes and,in health,can alter GI *** aim of this scoping review was to describe the effects of dietary fibre supplementation in health and disease states,specifically during critical *** controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that include adults(>18 years age)and reported changes to GI microbiota as one of the study outcomes using non-culture methods,were *** show dietary fibres have an impact on faecal microbiota in health and *** fibre,inulin,has a marked and specific effect on increasing the abundance of faecal *** chain fatty acids produced by Bifidobacteria have been shown to be beneficial in other patient *** few trials have evaluated the effect of dietary fibre on the GI microbiota during critical *** research is necessary to establish optimal fibre type,doses,duration of intervention in critical illness.

关键词： Gastrointestinal microbiota Dietary fibre Health Critical illness Short chain fatty acids

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实时在线拉曼光谱气相均相反应动力学研究中的逆命题

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化工学报 2006年第3期57卷 571-576页

作者：黄民吴倩李佟茗 Chinho Park tim anderson 同济大学化学系 School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Yeungnam University 214-1Tae-dongKyongsan 712-749South Korea Chemical Engineering Department University of Florida Gainesville FL326011 USA

提出一种全新的气相均相反应动力学的研究方法.利用实时在线拉曼光谱的点测量特点,将所测得的气相浓度和温度值通过逆命题运算对气相均相反应过程直接去卷积,确定过程的物理和化学系数.实时在线测量得到的沿垂直射流反应器中轴线上的组... 详细信息

提出一种全新的气相均相反应动力学的研究方法.利用实时在线拉曼光谱的点测量特点,将所测得的气相浓度和温度值通过逆命题运算对气相均相反应过程直接去卷积,确定过程的物理和化学系数.实时在线测量得到的沿垂直射流反应器中轴线上的组分分子振动拉曼光谱被用来确定气相组分的浓度分布.同时氮气的纯转动拉曼光谱被用来确定气相温度分布.通过该方法,得到了稳定状态下TMGa-N2二元系中组分浓度扩散系数和气相均相化学反应速度常数,所得到的结果与其他文献值相一致.

关键词：逆命题运算系数确定反应动力学拉曼光谱

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Quenching of the red Mn^(4+) luminescence in Mn^(4+)-doped fluoride LED phosphors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 973-985页

作者： tim Senden Relinde j.A.van Dij.-Moes Andries Meij.rink Condensed Matter and Interfaces Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityP.O.Box 800003508 TA UtrechtThe Netherlands Soft Condensed Matter Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityP.O.Box 800003508 TA UtrechtThe Netherlands

Red-emitting Mn^(4+)-doped fluorides are a promising class of materials to improve the color rendering and luminous efficacy of white light-emitting diodes(w-LEDs).For w-LEDs,the luminescence quenching temperature is very important,but surprisingly no systematic research has been conducted to understand the mechanism for thermal quenching in Mn^(4+)-doped ***,concentration quenching of the Mn^(4+) luminescence can be an issue but detailed investigations are *** this work,we study thermal quenching and concentration quenching in Mn^(4+)-doped fluorides by measuring luminescence spectra and decay curves of K2TiF6:Mn^(4+) between 4 and 600 K and for Mn^(4+) concentrations from 0.01%to 15.7%.Temperature-dependent measurements on K2TiF6:Mn^(4+) and other Mn^(4+)-doped phosphors show that quenching occurs through thermally activated crossover between the ^(4)T_(2) excited state and ^(4)A_(2) ground *** quenching temperature can be optimized by designing host lattices in which Mn^(4+) has a high 4T2 state ***-dependent studies reveal that concentration quenching effects are limited in K_(2)TiF_(6):Mn^(4+)up to 5%Mn^(4+).This is important,as high Mn^(4+)concentrations are required for sufficient absorption of blue LED light in the parity-forbidden Mn^(4+)d–d *** even higher Mn^(4+) concentrations(>10%),the quantum efficiency decreases,mostly due to direct energy transfer to quenching sites(defects and impurity ions).Optimization of the synthesis to reduce quenchers is crucial for developing more efficient highly absorbing Mn^(4+) *** present systematic study provides detailed insights into temperature and concentration quenching of Mn^(4+) emission and can be used to realize superior narrow-band red Mn^(4+) phosphors for w-LEDs.

关键词： luminescence quenching fluoride

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A discussion of‘optimal reinsurance designs based on risk measures:a review’

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2020年第1期4卷 14-15页

作者： tim j.Boonen Amsterdam School of Economics University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

I congratulate the authors on their review article(Cai and Chi,2020).Their paper reviews the academic literature on optimal reinsurance problems with risk *** optimal reinsurance,an insurer seeks to share the exogenou... 详细信息

关键词： academic insurance optimal

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Caregiver burden is increased in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI)

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2017年第1期6卷 165-173页

作者： Ann j.j.nes Roeline G.Kuij.r Leslie Livingston Daniel Myall Kyla Horne Michael MacAskill Toni Pitcher Paul T.Barrett tim j.anderson j.hn C.Dalrymple-Alford New Zealand Brain Research Institute 66 Stewart StreetChristchurch 8011New Zealand Department of Psychology University of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand Cognadev UK Ltd.SandtonSouth Africa Department of Neurology Christchurch HospitalChristchurchNew Zealand Brain Research New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence ChristchurchNew Zealand

Background:There is limited evidence on caregiver outcomes associated with mild cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD-MCI)and the coping strategies used by these ***:To investigate this relationship,we examined levels of burden,depression,anxiety,coping strategies and positive aspects of caregiving in the informal caregivers of 96 PD *** PD patients were classified using MDS-Task Force Level II criteria as showing either normal cognition(PD-N;n=51),PD-MCI(n=30)or with dementia(PDD;n=15).Results:Mean Zarit Burden Interview(ZBI)score increased significantly between carers of PD-N(M=13.39,SD=12.22)compared to those of PD-MCI patients(M=22.00,SD=10.8),and between carers of PD-MCI and PDD patients(M=29.33,SD=9.59).Moreover,the proportion of carers showing clinically significant levels of burden(ZBI score≥21)also increased as the patients’cognitive status declined(18% for PD-N;60% for PD-MCI;and 80%for PDD)and was mirrored by an increasing amount of time spent providing care by the *** ZBI score was independent of patient neuropsychiatric symptoms,motor function,disease duration and time that caregivers spent *** use of different coping strategies increased with worsening ***,we found only equivocal evidence that the use of problem-focused,emotion-focused and dysfunctional coping mediated the association between patient cognitive status and caregiver burden,because the inverse models that used caregiver burden as the mediator were also ***:The study highlights the impact of Parkinson’s disease on those providing care when the patient’s cognition is poor,including those with *** well-being has important implications for caregiver support,nursing home placement and disease course.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Mild cognitive impairment Zarit caregiver burden interview Coping Depression Anxiety Positive aspects of caregiving

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Structural analysis of a nanoparticle containing a lipid bilayer used for detergent-free extraction of membrane proteins

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Nano Research 2015年第3期8卷 774-789页

作者： Mohammed j.mshad Vinciane Grimard Ilaria Idini tim j. Knowles Miriam R. Dowle Naomi Schofield Pooj. Sridhart Yupin Lin Rachael Finka Mark Wheatley Owen R. T. Thomas Richard E. Palmerr Michael Overduin Cedric Govaerts j.an-Marie Ruysschaert Karen j. Edler tim R. Dafforn School of Biosciences University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK Universite Libre de Bruxelles SFMB - CP206/2 Bd. du Triomphe Acces 2 1050 Bruxelles Belgium Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK School of Cancer Studies University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2 TT UK Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory and PSIBS School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK School of Chemical Engineering University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK

In the past few years there has been a growth in the use of nanoparticles for stabilizing lipid membranes that contain embedded proteins. These bionanoparticles provide a solution to the challenging problem of membrane protein isolation by maintaining a lipid bilayer essential to protein integrity and activity. We have previously described the use of an amphipathic polymer （poly（styrene-co-maleic add）, SMA） to produce discoidal nanoparticles with a lipid bilayer core containing the embedded protein. However the structure of the nanoparticle itself has not yet been determined. This leaves a maj.r gap in understanding how the SMA stabilizes the encapsulated bilayer and how the bilayer relates physically and structurally to an unencapsulated lipid bilayer. In this paper we address this issue by describing the structure of the SMA lipid particle （SMALP） using data from small angle neutron scattering （SANS）, electron microscopy （EM）, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （ATR-FTIR）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （NMR）. We show that the particle is disc shaped containing a polymer ＂bracelet＂ encircling the lipid bilayer. The structure and orientation of the individual components within the bilayer and polymer are determined showing that styrene moieties within SMA intercalate between the lipid acyl chains. The dimensions of the encapsulated bilayer are also determined and match those measured for a natural membrane. Taken together, the description of the structure of the SMALP forms the foundation for future development and applications of SMALPs in membrane protein production and analysis.

关键词： nanoparticles lipid polymer membrane proteins structure detergent

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