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统计学笔记:相对差异百分比、对称性和自然对数

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英国医学杂志中文版 2022年第12期25卷 729-731页

作者： tim j.Cole Douglas G Altman 李戈(译) 刘欣月(译) 孙凤(校) Population Policy and Practice ProgrammeGreat Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUniversity College LondonLondon WC1N 1EHUK Centre for Statistics in Medicine Nuffield Department of OrthopaedicsRheumatology and Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxford OX37LDUK 天津中医药大学健康科学与工程学院北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系

对数变换具有非常实用的性质,因此在统计学中被广泛应用,但是即便是统计学家对其属性也知之甚少,而非统计学家则感觉其很不友好。对数变换两种常见形式为:以10为底的普通对数(lg)和以e作底的自然对数(ln)。以自然对数为例,解释如下:任... 详细信息

对数变换具有非常实用的性质,因此在统计学中被广泛应用,但是即便是统计学家对其属性也知之甚少,而非统计学家则感觉其很不友好。对数变换两种常见形式为:以10为底的普通对数(lg)和以e作底的自然对数(ln)。以自然对数为例,解释如下:任意两个数字a、b,其对数差ln(a)-ln(b),实际上反映的是二者比值大小。在此结果上乘以100,100xln(a)-100xln(b),即为α、b基于对数变换的相对差异百分比。

关键词：对数变换自然对数统计学家常见形式对称性百分比

Lipophilic Optical Supramolecular Nano Devices in the Aqueous Phase

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2011年第1期1卷 1-6页

作者： Heinz Langhals tim Pust 不详

Nano micelles of sodium dodecyl sulphate in water were prepared as local lipophilic media for the organisation of interacting chromophores. Such arrangements were controlled by peripheric substituents to operate either as isolated chromophores or as skew oriented pairs where H-type transitions cause hysochromic absorption and j.type transitions bathochromic fluorescence. As a consequence, large Stokes' shift could be obtained.

关键词： Lipophilic Optical Supramolecular Nano Device

Solaris 学习指南 Sun certified system administrator for solaris 9.0 影印

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提交后更改预先制订的统计分析计划这些计划是研究完整性的基础,但不是不可改变的

2003年

作者：（美）tim Gibbs

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英国医学杂志中文版 2022年第12期25卷 685-686页

作者： Islam Nazrul Cole tim j.Ross j.seph S Feeney timothy Loder Elizabeth 吴俣(译) 刘民(校) The BMj Faculty of Medicine University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College LondonLondonUK Yale School of Medicine Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina-Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Neurology Brigham and Women′s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计学系

透明度和可重复性是证据生成和研究知识传播的两个基本原则1-2。研究人员提出问题,挑战结论,复制结果并仔细审查结果——这就是我们积累知识并帮助制订循证政策的方式。如果科学研究要作为能够对人类福祉产生重大影响的政策基础,科学的... 详细信息

透明度和可重复性是证据生成和研究知识传播的两个基本原则1-2。研究人员提出问题,挑战结论,复制结果并仔细审查结果——这就是我们积累知识并帮助制订循证政策的方式。如果科学研究要作为能够对人类福祉产生重大影响的政策基础,科学的完整性、可靠性、可重复性和透明度至关重要3。

关键词：积累知识审查结果人类福祉可重复性循证政策知识传播科学研究透明度

Serum outperforms plasma in small extracellular vesicle microRNA biomarker studies of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2020年第20期26卷 2570-2583页

作者： Karen Chiam George C Mayne Tingting Wang David I Watson Tanya S Irvine tim Bright Lorelle T Smith Imogen A Ball j.anne M Bowen Dorothy M Keefe Sarah K Thompson Damian j.Hussey Discipline of Surgery College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5042Australia Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Cancer Program College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia Discipline of Surgery The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Adelaide Medical School The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Faculty of Health Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs(miRNAs)are potential biomarkers for many ***,they can originate from non-disease specific sources,such as blood cells,and compromise the investigations for miRNA *** small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)have been suggested to provide a purer source of circulating miRNAs for biomarkers discovery,the most suitable blood sample for sEV miRNA biomarker studies has not been *** To compare the mi RNA profiles between matched serum and plasma s EV preparations to determine their suitability for biomarker *** Matched serum and plasma samples were obtained from 10 healthy controls and10 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma.s EV isolates were prepared from serum and plasma using Exo Quick TM and quantified using Nano *** was extracted from s EV preparations with the mi RNeasy Serum/Plasma kit and profiled using the Taqman Openarray q *** overall mi RNA content and theexpression of specific mi RNAs of reported vesicular and non-vesicular origins were compared between serum and plasma s EV *** diagnostic performance of a previously identified multi-mi RNA biomarker panel for esophageal adenocarcinoma was also *** The overall mi RNA content was higher in plasma s EV preparations(480 mi RNAs)and contained 97.5%of the mi RNAs found in the serum s EV preparations(412 mi RNAs).The expression of commonly expressed mi RNAs was highly correlated(Spearman’s R=0.87,P<0.0001)between the plasma and serum s EV preparations,but was consistently higher in the plasma s EV *** blood-cell mi RNAs(hsa-mi R-223-3 p,hsa-mi R-451 a,mi R-19 b-3 p,hsa-mi R-17-5 p,hsa-mi R-30 b-5 p,hsa-mi R-106 a-5 p,hsa-mi R-150-5 p and hsa-mi R-92 a-3 p)were expressed at 2.7 to 9.6 fold higher levels in the plasma s EV preparations compared to serum s EV preparations(P<0.05).In plasma s EV preparations,the percentage of protein-associated mi RNAs expressed at relatively higher levels(Ct

关键词： Biomarkers Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Circulating microRNA MicroRNAs Plasma Serum Blood cells Real-time polymerase chain reaction Adenocarcinoma of esophagus

Textiles of the Banj.ra

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Textiles of the Banjara

Achieving fish passage outcomes at irrigation infrastructure;a case study from the Lower Mekong Basin

作者： (author.)Kwon Charllotte (author..1965-)McLaughlin tim

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第2期6卷 113-124页

作者： Lee j.Baumgartner Chris Barlow Martin Mallen-Cooper Craig Boys tim Marsden Garry Thorncraft Oudom Phonekhampheng Douangkham Singhanouvong William Rice Michael Roy Lin Crase Bethany Cooper Institute for Land Water and SocietyCharles Sturt UniversityElizabeth Mitchell DriveAlburyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Primary Industries Port Stephens Fisheries CentrePrivate Bag 1Nelson BayNew South Wales2315Australia Australasian Fish Passage Services 27 Beachside PlaceShoal PointQLD4750Australia National University of Laos PO Box 10864Dongdok CampusVientianeLao Democratic People’s Republic Living Aquatic Resources Research Centre Phonsavang VillageSikhotabong DistrictVientianeLao Democratic People’s Republic United States Department of the Interior International Technical Assistance Program1849 C StreetNWWashington DC20240United States University of South Australia School of CommerceCity West CampusAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia

Irrigation infrastructure expansion threatens the diversity of freshwater fish *** infrastructure creates migration barriers which can block access to important nursery,feeding and spawning *** PDR is a landlocked country situated within the Lower Mekong River Basin where there is a substantial dependency on rice and fish for food,income and *** country is experiencing an unprecedented boom in irrigation infrastructure investment,with modernisation programs being implemented in every *** significant investment in infrastructure upgrades,and the potential impact on freshwater fish,little consideration has been given to fish passage *** 2008,we commenced a fish passage program in Lao *** intent of this case study is to outline the pivotal elements of the program of knowledge development and transfer,in the context of river connectivity and fisheries management in Lao *** also highlight challenges in international research in development and lessons learned.

关键词： Fish passage Tropical rivers Lower mekong basin Migration Fishway Lao PDR

青藏高原东部全新世冬夏季风变化的高分辨率泥炭记录

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中国科学（D辑） 2006年第2期36卷 182-187页

作者：于学峰周卫健 LARS G.FRANZEN 鲜锋程鹏 A.j.tim j.LL 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室 EARTH SCIENCE CENTRE PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHYGOTEBORG UNIVERSITYSE 40530GOTEBORGSWEDEN NSF-AMS FACILITY UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONAARIZONAAZ 85721USA

在建立了全新世泥炭沉积物高分辨率冬夏季风代用指标时间序列的基础上,发现青藏高原若尔盖地区全新世冬夏季风的变化具有此消彼长和同时消长两种基本的模式,冬季风与夏季风在不同时间尺度上两种模式又相互嵌套.由冬夏季风指标叠加效应... 详细信息

在建立了全新世泥炭沉积物高分辨率冬夏季风代用指标时间序列的基础上,发现青藏高原若尔盖地区全新世冬夏季风的变化具有此消彼长和同时消长两种基本的模式,冬季风与夏季风在不同时间尺度上两种模式又相互嵌套.由冬夏季风指标叠加效应合成的气候状况却有与全球同步的规律性,表现出千年-百年尺度的不稳定性,6.2KA的季风突然减弱事件要比8.0KA的事件更显著,反映了亚洲季风的区域特点或它本身就是全球气候的一个窗口.

关键词：若尔盖全新世冬夏季风不同步泥炭气候不稳定性

Microstructural impacts on ionic conductivity of oxide solid electrolytes from a combined atomistic-mesoscale approach

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npj.Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1959-1973页

作者： Tae Wook Heo Andrew Grieder Bo Wang Marissa Wood tim Hsu Sneha A.Akhade Liwen F.Wan Long-Qing Chen Nicole Adelstein Brandon C.Wood Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry San Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCA 94132USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550USA

Although multiple oxide-based solid electrolyte materials with intrinsically high ionic conductivities have emerged,practical processing and synthesis routes introduce grain boundaries and other interfaces that can perturb primary conduction *** directly probe these effects,we demonstrate an efficient and general mesoscopic computational method capable of predicting effective ionic conductivity through a complex polycrystalline oxide-based solid electrolyte microstructure without relying on simplified equivalent circuit *** parameterize the framework for Li_(7-x)La_(3)Zr_(2)0_(12)(LLZO)gamet solid electrolyte by combining synthetic microstructures from phase-field simulations with diffusivities from molecular dynamics simulations of ordered and disordered *** designed simulations reveal an interdependence between atomistic and mesoscopic microstructural impacts on the effective ionic conductivity of polycrystalline LLZO,quantified by newly defined metrics that characterize the com plex ionic transport *** results provide fundamental understanding of the physical origins of the reported variability in ionic conductivities based on an extensive analysis of literature data,while simultaneously outlining practical design guidance for achieving desired ionic transport properties based on conditions for which sensitivity to microstructural features is *** implications of our results are discussed,including a possible connection between ion conduction behavior and dendrite formation.

关键词： microstructure solid conductivity