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Connections Between Induction Gener.tor.Effect and Open-loop Modal Pr.ximity to Cause Sub-synchr.nous Oscillations in Ser.es-compensated Power.System

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CSEE Jour.al of Power.and Ener.y Systems 2024年第3期10卷 963-973页

作者： Wenjuan Du Yang Wang H.F.Wang Tao Zhao tim Littler College of Electr.cal Engineer.ng Sichuan UniversityChengduChina School of Electr.cal Engineer.ng the Queen’s University of BelfastBelfastUK IEEE

The induction gener.tor.effect(IGE)and the openloop modal pr.ximity(OLMP)ar. two differ.nt r.asons why subsynchr.nous oscillations(SSOs)in a ser.es-compensated power.system(SCPS)may occur.The IGE attr.butes the gr.wing SSOs to negative r.sistance,while the OLMP explains the SSO mechanism fr.m the standpoint of modal conditions.In this paper.we investigate the connections between the IGE and the OLMP thr.ugh equivalent r.C cir.uit and open-loop modal analysis.Our.investigation is conducted for.two types of ser.escompensated power.systems wher. either.a synchr.nous gener.tor.or.a DFIG is connected at the sending end.The investigation r.veals the conditions,in which the IGE and the OLMP may jointly cause the gr.wing SSOs,i.e.,both the IGE and the OLMP can explain why the gr.wing SSOs occur.Fur.her.or.,the investigation indicates that the IGE and the OLMP may be totally ir.elevant and lead to gr.wing SSOs separ.tely.This implies that it is possible that in a SCPS,the gr.wing SSOs ar. only due to the IGE,and the OLMP is non-existent,and vice ver.a.Hence,when the gr.wing SSOs occur. in a SCPS,examination based on both the IGE and the OLMP should be car.fully conducted in or.er.to find if the oscillator. instability is due to the IGE,or.the OLMP,or.both of them.

关键词： Induction gener.tor.effect open-loop modal pr.ximity ser.es compensation sub-synchr.nous oscillations

A fr.mewor. for.dynamic modelling of r.ilway tr.ck switches consider.ng the switch blades,actuator. and contr.l systems

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r.ilway Engineer.ng Science 2024年第2期32卷 162-176页

作者： Saikat Dutta tim Har.ison Chr.stopher.War. r.ger.Dixon Phil Winship Institute of Ther.ofluids School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK Bir.ingham Centr. for.r.ilway r.sear.h and Education School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Networ. r.il Milton KeynesBuckinghamshireUK

The main contr.bution of this paper.is the development and demonstr.tion of a novel methodology that can be followed to develop a simulation twin of a r.ilway tr.ck switch system to test the functionality in a digital envir.nment.This is impor.ant because,globally,r.ilway tr.ck switches ar. used to allow tr.ins to change r.utes;they ar. a key par. of all r.ilway networ.s.However.because tr.ck switches ar. single points of failur. and safety-cr.tical,their.inability to oper.te cor.ectly can cause significant delays and concomitant costs.In or.er.to better.under.tand the dynamic behaviour.of switches dur.ng oper.tion,this paper.has developed a full simulation twin of a complete tr.ck switch system.The appr.ach fuses finite element for.the r.il bending and motion,with physics-based models of the electr.mechanical actuator.system and the contr.l system.Hence,it pr.vides r.sear.her. and engineer. the oppor.unity to explor. and under.tand the design space ar.und the dynamic oper.tion of new switches and switch machines befor. they ar. built.This is useful for.looking at the modification or.monitor.ng of existing switches,and it becomes even mor. impor.ant when new switch concepts ar. being consider.d and evaluated.The simulation is capable of r.nning in r.al time or.faster.meaning designs can be iter.ted and checked inter.ctively.The paper.descr.bes the modelling appr.ach,demonstr.tes the methodology by developing the system model for.a novel“r.POINT”switch system,and evaluates the system level per.or.ance against the dynamic per.or.ance r.quir.ments for.the switch.In the context of that case study,it is found that the pr.posed new actuation system as designed can meet(and exceed)the system per.or.ance r.quir.ments,and that the fault toler.nce built into the actuation ensur.s continued oper.tion after.a single actuator.failur..

关键词： r.ilway tr.ck switch Mathematical modelling r.dundant actuation Finite element analysis

LKB1 depletion-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal tr.nsition induces fibr.blast activation in lung fibr.sis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu Elizabeth r.Davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aiman Alzetani Ben G.Mar.hall David Hancock tim Wallis Julian Downwar. r.b M.Ewing Donna E.Davies Mar. G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and Exper.mental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for.Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHr.Southampton Biomedical r.sear.h Centr. University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Univer.ity Hospital Southampton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncogene Biology The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factor. that deter.ine fibr.sis pr.gr.ssion or.nor.al tissue r.pair.ar. lar.ely unknown.We pr.viously demonstr.ted that autophagy inhibition-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal tr.nsition(EMT)in human alveolar.epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells augments local myofibr.blast differ.ntiation in pulmonar. fibr.sis by par.cr.ne signaling.Her.,we r.por. that liver.kinase B1(LKB1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophagy and induces EMT as a conse-quence.In IPF lungs,this is caused by the down-r.gulation of CAB39L,a key subunit within the LKB1 complex.3D co-cultur.s of ATIl cells and Mr.5 lung fibr.blasts coupled with r.A sequencing(r.A-seq)confir.ed that par.cr.ne signaling between LKB1-depleted ATIl cells and fibr.blasts augmented myofibr.blast differ.ntiation.Together.these data suggest that r.duced autophagy caused by LKB1 inhibition can induce EMT in ATIl cells and contr.bute to fibr.sis via aber.ant epithelial-fibr.blast cr.sstalk.

关键词： CAB39L Cr.sstalk EMT LKB1 Pulmonar. fibr.sis

Spatiotempor.l mapping of(ultr.‐)mafic magmatic mine ar.as:Implications of economic and political r.alities in China

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Deep Under.r.und Science and Engineer.ng 2024年第1期3卷 91-102页

作者： Heling Li Liang Tang tim T.Wer.er.Zhengmeng Hou Fan Meng Jingjing Li College of Ear.h Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengduChina Institute of Subsur.ace Ener.y Systems Clausthal University of TechnologyClausthal ZellerfeldGermany School of Geogr.phy Earth and Atmospheric SciencesFaculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

The spatiotempor.l extension/expansion of mine ar.as is affected by multiple factor..So far.ver. little has been done to examine the inter.ction between mine ar.as and political or.economic r.alities.The(ultr.‐)mafic magmatic mines in China played a specific r.le in suppor.ing national development and pr.viding an ideal r.sear.h subject for.monitor.ng their.inter.elationship.In this study,r.mote sensing and mining‐r.lated GIS data wer. used to identify and analyze 1233(ultr.‐)mafic magmatic mine ar.a polygons in China,which cover.d appr.ximately 322.96 km2 of land and included a V–Ti–Fe mine,a copper.nickel mine,a chr.mite mine,an asbestos mine,and a diamond mine.It was found that(1)the ar.al expansion of mines is significantly r.lated to the mine types,per.meter.topogr.phy,and population density.(2)The mine ar.a var.ation also r.flects mar.et and policy r.alities.The tempor.l expansion of the mine ar.a fr.m 2010 to 2020 followed an S‐shaped patter.(with the tur.ing point occur.ing in 2014),closely r.lated to ir.n over.apacity and tightened mining policies.(3)The complexity(D)of the mine ar.a may r.flect mine design and excavation pr.ctices.To be specific,lower.D indicates ear.y‐stage or.ar.isanal/small‐scale mining,wher.as higher.D r.pr.sents lar.e‐scale mining.This study demonstr.tes that the detailed mapping of mine land can ser.e as an indicator.to implement miningr.lated mar.et and policy changes.The(ultr.‐)mafic mines ar.a data set can be accessed at https://***/r.cor./7636616#.Y-p0uXaZOa0.

关键词： complexity mine ar.a mining and socioeconomic inter.ction spatiotempor.l distr.bution (ultr.‐)mafic magmatic mine

3D electr.magnetic modelling for.high-temper.tur. super.onducting dynamo flux pumps using T-A for.ulation

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 367-379页

作者： Luning Hao Fangliang Dong Jintao Hu Qi Wang Haigening Wei Ismail Patel Adil Shah Yuyang Wu tim Coombs Depar.ment of Engineer.ng University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Plasma Science and Fusion Center Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

A high-temper.tur. super.onducting(HTS)dynamo flux pump can inject DC cur.ents into closed-loop HTS magnets without contact.It enables the r.alisation of cur.ent-lead-fr.e or.even thr.ugh-wall char.ing systems for.high-field applications such as nuclear.magnetic r.sonance/magnetic r.sonance imaging(Mr.)magnets,fusion r.actor. and acceler.tor..r.sear.her. have pr.posed many simulation models to under.tand the wor.ing pr.nciple of HTS dynamos,few of which ar. in 3D because of conver.ing pr.blems.Ther.for.,the influences of many key 3D par.meter. in the HTS dynamo ar. scar.ely r.por.ed.The author. pr.pose an efficient 3D modelling method of the HTS dynamo based on the T-A for.ulation.The r.tating magnets ar. modelled by a r.ng-shaped per.anent magnet with space-time-var.ant r.manent flux density to avoid moving meshes.This,together.with the T-A for.ulation,makes the 3D model efficient and univer.al.The accur.cy of the model is ver.fied by the exper.mental instantaneous and time-integr.ted dynamic voltages.Using this model,the author. pr.sent systematic case studies to thor.ughly explor. the influences of the key par.meter. of a dynamo flux pump on the dynamic voltage and losses.The pr.posed modelling method and r.sults could significantly benefit the design and optimisation of HTS dynamos for.high-field magnets.

关键词： for.ulation magnets pump

Subpopulations of r.gulator. T cells ar. associated with subclinical ather.scler.tic plaques,levels of LDL,and car.ior.spir.tor. fitness in the elder.y

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Jour.al of Spor. and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： tim Böttr.ch Pascal Bauer.Vincent Gr.βer.Magdalena Huber.Har.mann r.ifer.Tor.ten Fr.ch Svenja Nolte Ther.sa Dombr.wski Fr.nz Cemic Natascha Sommer.r.ber. r.ngseis Klaus Eder.Kar.ten Kr.ger.Chr.stopher.Weyh Depar.ment of Exer.ise Physiology and Spor.s Ther.py Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Depar.ment of Car.iology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for.Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany TH Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Depar.ment of Inter.al Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster.Car.io-Pulmonar. Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutr.tion and Nutr.tion Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

Backgr.und:Ather.scler.sis for.s the pathological basis for.the development of car.iovascular.disease.Since pathological pr.cesses initially develop without clinically r.levant symptoms,the identification of ear.y mar.er. in the subclinical stage plays an impor.ant r.le for.initiating ear.y inter.entions.Ther. is evidence that r.gulator. T cells(Tr.gs)ar. involved in the development of ather.scler.sis.Ther.for.,the pr.sent study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tr.gs and their.subsets in a cohor. of healthy elder.y individuals with and without subclinical ather.scler.tic plaques(SAP).In addition,var.ous lifestyle and r.sk factor.,such as car.ior.spir.tor. fitness,wer. investigated as associated signatur.s.Methods:A cr.ss-sectional study was per.or.ed in 79 par.icipants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 year.;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no pr.vious diagnosis of chr.nic disease and wer. not taking medication.Ultr.sound of the car.tids to identify SAP,car.iovascular.function measur.ment for.vascular.assessment and a car.ior.spir.tor. fitness test to deter.ine peak oxygen uptake wer. per.or.ed.Additionally,tests wer. conducted to assess blood lipids and deter.ine glucose levels.Immunophenotyping of Tr.gs and their.subtypes(r.sting(r.r.gs)and effector.memor.(mTr.gs))was per.or.ed by 8-chanel flow cytometr..Par.icipants wer. categor.zed accor.ing to ather.scler.tic plaque status.Linear.and logistic r.gr.ssion models wer. used to analyze associations between par.meter..r.sults:SAP was detected in a total of 29 par.icipants.The par.icipants with plaque wer. older.64.8±3.6 year. vs.62.9±3.5 year.)and had higher.per.pher.l systolic blood pr.ssur.(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The par.icipants with SAP wer. char.cter.zed by a lower.per.entage of r.r.gs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher.per.entage of mTr.gs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic r.gr.ssion identified age(odds r.tio(Or.=1.20(95%confidence inter.al(95%CI):1.011.42))and mTr.gs(Or.1.05(95%CI:1.021.10))as independent

关键词： Car.ior.spir.tor. fitness Elder.y r.gulator. T cells Subclinical ather.scler.sis

Insights fr.m an academic endeavor.into centr.l ner.ous system dr.g discover.

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第6期 1717-1718页

作者： Lieve van Veggel An M.Voets tim Vanmier.o r.dy Schr.iber BIOMED Biomedical r.sear.h Institute Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences Hasselt University Depar.ment of Psychiatr. and Neur.psychology Division of Translational Neuroscience European Graduate School of Neuroscience School for Mental Health and Neuroscience Maastricht University Univer.ity MS Center.(UMSC) Section of Psychophar.acology Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Maastricht University

Histor.cally,"big phar.a"did most centr.l ner.ous system dr.g discover. r.D in-house.Yet,in moder. times their.management r.ductionism"r.sulted in disappointing pipelines and phar.a r.sided to (late) development,r.gulator. appr.val,and mar.eting (Thong,2015).This had significant consequences for.financing and executing r.sear.h,r.sulting in a lar.er.r.le for.funding by gover.ments and patient-or.anizations and a shift of r.sear.h to academia (Mazzucato,2013).

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Get Away fr.m Palace

小学生时代（大嘴英语） 2024年第5期 34-35页

作者： Cliffor. A.Pickover.tim Foley(图) 不详

Poseidon is thelor.ofthe sea.Now,you ar. visiting his under.ater.alace looking for.tr.asur..It'sanice place tovisi...if Poseidon isn'tther..

关键词： Poseidon looking under.ater

High for.ability Mg-Zn-Gd wir. facilitates ACL r.constr.ction via its swift degr.dation to acceler.te intr.-tunnel endochondr.l ossification

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Jour.al of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 295-315页

作者： Xuan He Ye Li Hongwei Miao Jiankun Xu Michael tim-yun Ong Chenmin Wang Lizhen Zheng Jiali Wang Le Huang Haiyue Zu Zhi Yao Jie Mi Bingyang Dai Xu Li Patr.ck Shu-hang Yung Guangyin Yuan Ling Qin Musculoskeletal r.sear.h Labor.tor. of Depar.ment of Or.hopaedics&Tr.umatology and Innovative Or.hopaedic Biomater.al and Dr.g Tr.nslational r.sear.h Labor.tor. of Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina National Engineer.ng r.sear.h Center.of Light Alloy Net For.ing School of Materials Science&EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Depar.ment of Or.hopaedics and Tr.umatology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Or.hopaedic Depar.ment Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Depar.ment of r.habilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

After.r.constr.cting the anter.or.cr.ciate ligament(ACL),unsatisfactor. bone tendon inter.ace healing may often induce tunnel enlar.ement at the ear.y healing stage.With good biological featur.s and high for.ability,Magnesium-Zinc-Gadolinium(ZG21)wir.s ar. developed to bunch the tendon gr.ft for.matching the bone tunnel dur.ng tr.nsplantation.Micr.str.ctur.,tensile str.ngth,degr.dation,and cytotoxicity of ZG21 wir. ar. evaluated.The r.bbit model is used for.assessing the biological effects of ZG21 wir. by Micr.-CT,histology,and mechanical test.The SEM/EDS,immunochemistr.,and in vitr. assessments ar. per.or.ed to investigate the under.ying mechanism.Mater.al tests demonstr.te the high for.ability of ZG21 wir. as sur.ical sutur..Micr.-CT shows ZG21 wir. degr.dation acceler.tes tunnel bone for.ation,and histologically with ear.ier.and mor. fibr.car.ilage r.gener.tion at the healing inter.ace.The mechanical test shows higher.ultimate load in the ZG21 gr.up.The SEM/EDS pr.sents ZG21 wir. degr.dation tr.gger.d calcium phosphate(Ca-P)deposition.IHC r.sults demonstr.te upr.gulation of Wnt3a,BMP2,and VEGF at the ear.y phase and TGFβ3 and Type II collagen at the late phase of healing.In vitr. tests also confir.ed the Ca-P in the metal extr.ct could elevate the expr.ssion of Wnt3a,βcatenin,ocn and opn to stimulate osteogenesis.Ex vivo tests of clinical samples indicated sutur.ng with ZG21 wir. did not weaken the ultimate loading of human tendon tissue.In conclusion,the ZG21 wir. is feasible for.tendon gr.ft bunching.Its degr.dation pr.ducts acceler.ted intr.-tunnel endochondr.l ossification at the ear.y healing stage and ther.for. enhanced bone-tendon inter.ace healing in ACL r.constr.ction.

关键词： Magnesium wir. ACL r.constr.ction Magnesium alloy Biomater.als Endochondr.l ossification