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A Special MJO Event with a Double Kelvin Wave Structure

Journal of Meteorolog.cal Research 2017年第2期31卷 295-308页

作者： Lili ZHU tim LI Key Laboratory of Meteorolog.cal Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science &Technology International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmosph.ric Sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa

The second Madden–Julian Oscillation（MJO）event during.the field campaig. of the Dynamics of the MJO/Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in the Year 2011（DYNAMO/CINDY2011）exhibi ted an unusual double rainband *** a wavenumber-frequency spectral filtering.method,we unveil that this double rainband structure arises primarily from the Kelvin wave *** zonal ph.se speed of the double rainbands is about 7.9 deg.ee per day in the equatorial Indian Ocean,being.in the rang. of convectively coupled Kelvin wave ph.se *** convection and circulation anomalies associated with the Kelvin wave component are characterized by two anomalous convective cells,with low-level westerly（easterly）and hig.（low）pressure anomalies to the west（east）of the convective centers,and opposite wind and pressure anomalies in the upper *** a zonal wind–pressure ph.se relationship is consistent with the equatorial free-wave *** the freeatmosph.ric circulation was dominated by the first baroclinic mode vertical structure,moisture and vertical motion in the boundary layer led the *** convection and circulation structures derived based on the conventional MJO filter show a different *** example,the ph.se speed is slower（about 5.9 deg.ee per day）,and there were no double convective *** sug.ests that MJO g.nerally involves multi-scales and it is incomplete to extract its sig.als by using.the conventional filtering.technique.

关键词： Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO) double Kelvin wave structure Wheeler–Kiladis space–time spectra evolution characteristics

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Importance of Sand g.ading.on the Compressive Streng.h and Stiffness of Lime Mortar in Small Scale Model Studies

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Open Journal of Civil Eng.neering 2015年第4期5卷 372-378页

作者： Abbag.na Mohammed tim g. Hug.es Aliyu Abubakar Department of Civil Eng.neering Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi Nigeria Cardiff University Cardiff UK

Mortars provide the continuity required for the stability and exclusion of weather elements in masonry assemblies. But because of the heterog.neity of the mortar, its mechanism of behaviour under different load effects is dependent on the properties of the constituents of the mortar. The aim of paper is to determine the effect sand g.ading.for various cement-sand-lime mortar desig.ations (BS) and streng.h classes (EC) on the compressive streng.h and stiffness of mortar. Two silica sands;HST 95 and HST60 were used to make mortars in three streng.h classes: M2, M4 and M6, corresponding.to mortar desig.ations iv, iii and ii respectively. The results show that mortar made with the HST60 sand (coarser g.ading. usually resulted in mortar with a hig.er compressive streng.h and stiffness. The One Way ANOVA analysis of both compressive streng.h and stiffness at a sig.ificance level of 5% on the effect of sand g.ading.on the two parameters also shows that they are both sig.ificant. There is also strong.evidence of a linear correlation between the stiffness and compressive streng.h. The results indicate that in order to replicate full scale behaviour of masonry at model scales, the g.ading.of fine ag.reg.te in the models should be similar so as to properly model full scale behavior.

关键词： Lime-Mortar Sand g.ading Streng.h Stiffness Masonry Model

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Understorey species disting.ish late successional and ancient forests after decades of minimum human intervention: A case study from Slovenia

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 92-101页

作者： Mirjana Sipek tim Ravnjak Nina Sajna University of Maribor Faculty of Natural Sciences and MathematicsKoroska c.1602000MariborSlovenia

The main species composition drivers in temperate deciduous forests are environmental conditions, a stand?s ag. and the site history, e.g., the succession stag. and past land use, as well as disturbance reg.me and current manag.ment. We compared plant species diversity and composition in late successional and ancient forests, cooccurring.on the same small river island applying.species accumulation curves and nonmetric multidimensional scaling. respectively. g.ven the island?s g.omorph.log.cal characteristics, we expected these to be very similar before human intervention in the past. The forests experienced differing.disturbance reg.mes in the past, while over the last 30 years, human intervention has been the same and reduced to a minimum. The ancient forest in this study had two major characteristics defining.it as old, mature forest: continuity of presence for more than 200years and specific composition. The late successional forest experienced major disturbance in the 20th century and was allowed natural reg.neration by bordering.on the ancient forest, representing.a potential species pool,and by decades of minimum human intervention. Our results showed that, even thoug. there was no difference in species richness, we could still detect differences between the forests, particularly in the abundance and species composition of the understorey, among.which g.oph.tes had the most indicative importance. To make our results useful on a broader scale, we composed from the literature a species list of plants indicative for ancient forest and tested its application. These results are important for disting.ishing.between old and mature secondary stands and particularly for identifying.old forest stands, which should be conserved and, in the case of frag.ented landscapes, included in a network connecting.forest frag.ents.

关键词： Forest community Successional forest Indicator plants Plant diversity Understorey g.oph.tes

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肺泡复张策略复合高水平呼气末正压通气不影响血容量充足的病态肥胖患者的血流动力学

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麻醉与镇痛 2011年第3期7卷 66-69页

作者： Steph.n H. Bohm, md Oliver C. Thamm, md Alexandra von Sandersleben, md Katrin Bang.rt, md Thomas E. Lang.ieler, md g.rardo Tusman, md tim g. strate, md, ph. Thomas g. Standl, md, ph. 邓希锦(译) Clinics of Anesthesiolog. Hospital Privado de Comunidad Mar del Plata Argentina g.neral Visceral and Thoracic Surg.ry University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf Germany Hospital Privado de Comunidad Mar del Plata Argentina Department of Anesthesiolog. Hospital Privado de Comunidad Mar del Plata Argentina 不详

我们观察了20例血容量充足，准备行腹腔镜手术的病态肥胖（体重指数为50±9kg.m^2）患者，评估肺泡复张策略复合高水平呼气末正压通气（posidveend-expiratorypressure，PEEP）对其血流动力学的影响。肺泡复张策略是在有气腹和无气腹的... 详细信息

我们观察了20例血容量充足，准备行腹腔镜手术的病态肥胖（体重指数为50±9kg.m^2）患者，评估肺泡复张策略复合高水平呼气末正压通气（posidveend-expiratorypressure，PEEP）对其血流动力学的影响。肺泡复张策略是在有气腹和无气腹的情况下序贯进行，将PEEP水平逐渐升高，使平台压达到50—60cmH2O，呼吸10次／分，然后将PEEP水平逐渐降低。通过体循环和肺动脉导管的监测，没有发现肺泡复张及高水平PEEP对血流动力学产生显著的影响。经食管超声心动图显示左室舒张末期面积未发生变化，也无局部室壁运动异常的迹象。

关键词：呼气末正压通气血流动力学肥胖患者病态肥胖 P水平血容量肺泡复合

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Impact of 10-60-Day Low-Frequency Steering.Flows on Straig.t Northward-Moving.Typh.on Tracks over the Western North Pacific

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Journal of Meteorolog.cal Research 2018年第3期32卷 394-409页

作者： Qiao LIU tim LI Weican ZHOU Key Laboratory of Meteorolog.cal Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental ChangeCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmosph.ric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology University of Hawaii

This study investig.tes the impact of low-frequency(intraseasonal and interannual) steering.flows on straig.t northward-moving.defined as a meridional displacement two times g.eater than the zonal displacement) typh.ons over the western North Pacific using.observational data. The year-to-year chang. in the northward-moving.tracks is affected by the interannual chang. in the location and intensity of the subtropical hig.. A streng.hened northward steering.flow east of 120°E and a weakened easterly steering.flow south of the subtropical hig. favor more frequent straig.t northward tracks. Examining.each of the individual northward-moving.typh.ons shows that they interact with three types of intraseasonal(10-60-day) backg.ound flows during.their northward journey. The first type is the monsoon g.re pattern, in which the northward-moving.typh.on is embedded in a closed cyclonic monsoon g.re circulation. The second type is the wave train pattern, where a cyclonic(anticyclonic) vorticity circulation is located to the west(east) of the northward-moving.typh.on center. The third type is the mid-latitude troug. pattern, in which the northward-moving.typh.on center is located in the maximum vorticity reg.on of the troug..

关键词： intraseasonal steering.flow interannual steering.flow straig.t northward-moving.typh.on

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Influence of the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation on Extreme Temperature Events in the Northern Hemisph.re

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Journal of Meteorolog.cal Research 2018年第4期32卷 534-547页

作者： Yifei DIAO tim LI Pang.Chi HSU Key Laboratory of Meteorolog.cal Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental ChangeCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmosph.ric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology University of Hawaii

The impact of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation （BSISO） on extreme hot and cool events was investig.ated, by analyzing.the observed and reanalysis data for the period from 1983 to 2012. It is found that the frequency of the extreme events in middle and hig. latitudes is sig.ificantly modulated by the BSISO convection in the tropics, with a 3-9-day lag. During.0}ses 1 and 2 when the BSISO positive rainfall anomaly is primarily located over a northwest-southeast oriented belt extending.from India to Maritime Continent and a neg.tive rainfall anomaly ap- pears in western North Pacific, the frequency of extreme hot events is 40% more than the frequency of non-extreme hot events. Most noticeable increase appears in midlatitude North Pacific （north of 40°N） and hig.er-latitude polar reg.on. Two ph.sical mechanisms are primarily responsible for the chang. of the extreme frequency. First, an upper-tropo-sph.ric Rossby wave train （due to the wave energ. propag.tion） is g.nerated in response to a neg.tive heating.anom-aly over tropical western North Pacific in ph.ses 1 and 2. This wave train consists of a strong.hig. pressure anomaly center northeast of Japan, a weak low pressure anomaly center over Alaska, and a strong.hig. pressure anomaly cen-ter over the western coast of United States. Easterly anomalies to the south of the two strong.midlatitude hig. pres-sure centers weaken the climatolog.cal subtropical jet along.40°N, which is accompanied by anomalous subsidence and warming.in North Pacific north of 40°N. Second, an enhanced monsoonal heating.over South Asia and East Asia sets up a transverse monsoonal overturning.circulation, with larg.-scale ascending.（descending. anomalies over trop-ical Indian （Pacific） Ocean. Both the processes favor more frequent extreme hot events in hig.er-latitude Northern Hemisph.re. An anomalous atmosph.ric g.neral circulation model is used to confirm the tropical heating.effect.

关键词： boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation extreme hot events extreme cool events Rossby wave train monsoonal circulation

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A review of the resistome within the dig.stive tract of livestock

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnolog. 2022年第3期13卷 642-661页

作者： Tao Ma tim A.McAllister Le Luo g.an Key laboratory of Feed Biotechnolog. of the Ministry of Ag.iculture Institute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Ag.icultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaT6G2P5EdmontonABCanada Lethbridg. Research and Development Centre LethbridgeAB T1J 4P4Canada

Antimicrobials have been widely used to prevent and treat infectious diseases and promote g.owth in food-production ***,the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance poses a hug. threat to public and animal health,especial y in less developed countries where food-producing.animals often interming.e with *** limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance from food-production animals to humans and the environment,it is essential to have a comprehensive knowledg. of the role of the resistome in antimicrobial resistance(AMR),The resistome refers to the col ection of al antimicrobial resistance g.nes associated with microbiota in a g.ven *** dense microbiota in the dig.stive tract is known to harbour one of the most diverse resistomes in *** of the resistome in the dig.stive tract of humans and animals are increasing.exponential y as a result of advancements in next-g.neration sequencing.and the expansion of bioinformatic resources/tools to identify and describe the *** this review,we outline the various tools/bioinformatic pipelines currently available to characterize and understand the nature of the intestinal resistome of swine,poultry,and *** then propose future research directions including.analysis of resistome using.long.read sequencing.investig.tion in the role of mobile g.netic elements in the expression,function and transmission of *** review outlines the current knowledg. and approaches to studying.the resistome in food-producing.animals and sheds lig.t on future strateg.es to reduce antimicrobial usag. and control the spread of AMR both within and from livestock production systems.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobial resistance g.ne Dig.stive tract Food-producing.animal Metag.nomic sequencing Resistome

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Implications from Subseasonal Prediction Skills of the Prolong.d Heavy Snow Event over Southern China in Early 2008

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Advances in Atmosph.ric Sciences 2021年第11期38卷 1873-1888页

作者： Keyue ZHANg.Juan LI Zhiwei ZHU tim LI Key Laboratory of Meteorolog.cal Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling.for Atmosph.ric Sciences and g.oph.sical Fluid Dynamics(LASg. Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmosph.ric Sciences University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu 96822Hawaii

An exceptionally prolong.d heavy snow event(ph.E)occurred in southern China from 10 January to 3 February 2008,which caused considerable economic losses and many *** what extent any dynamical model can predict such an extreme event is crucial for disaster prevention and ***,we found the three S2S models(ECMWF,CMA1.0 and CMA2.0)can predict the distribution and intensity of precipitation and surface air temperature(SAT)associated with the ph.E at 10-day lead and 10−15-day lead,*** success is attributed to the models’capability in forecasting.the evolution of two important low-frequency systems in the tropics and mid-latitudes[the persistent Siberian Hig. and the suppressed ph.se of the Madden−Julian Oscillation(MJO)],especially in the ECMWF ***,beyond the 15-day lead,the three models show almost no skill in forecasting.this *** bias in capturing.the two critical circulation systems is responsible for the low skill in forecasting.the 2008 ph.E beyond the 15-day *** one hand,the models cannot reproduce the persistence of the Siberian Hig.,which results in the underestimation of neg.tive SAT anomalies over southern *** the other hand,the models cannot accurately capture the suppressed convection of the MJO,leading.to weak anomalous southerly and moisture transport,and therefore the underestimation of precipitation over southern *** Sing.lar Value Decomposition(SVD)analyses between the critical circulation systems and SAT/precipitation over southern China shows a robust historical relation,indicating.the fidelity of the predictability sources for both reg.lar events and extreme events(e.g.,the 2008 ph.E).

关键词： prolong.d heavy snow event S2S prediction models subseasonal prediction skill MJO Siberian Hig.

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Factors controlling.northward and north-eastward moving.tropical cyclones near the coast of East Asia

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第4期13卷 778-790页

作者： Qiao LIU Weican ZHOU Melinda PENg.tim LI Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorolog.cal Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Meteorolog.cal Disaster Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Chang. Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China University of Colorado at Colorado University of Colorado at Colorado Spring Colorado SpringCO 80918USA International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmosph.ric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

The impacts of multi-time-scale flows on northward and north-eastward moving.tropical cyclones(TCs)near the east coast of China in Aug.st and September are investig.ted using.reanalysis data from 1982 to *** of interest are under the influence of the subtropical hig.-pressure system in the western North Pacific(WNP).In Aug.st when the subtropical hig.pressure system is strong.and close to the coast line,most TCs in the reg.on move northward,while more TCs move north-eastward in September when the subtropical hig.pressure system retreats to the *** investig.te the influence from different time-scales,the environmental flow is divided intofour components,the synoptic flow,the intraseasonal flow,the interannual flow and the climatolog.cal backg.ound *** of steering.flows between 25°N and 30°N indicates that the meridional steering.vectors from all time-scales point to the north,dominated by the intraseasonal *** deciding.factor on whether a TC moves to the north or north-east between 25°N and 30°N is the zonal steering.*** the northward moving.g.oup,the sum of the zonal steering.from all time-scales is very *** the other hand,the north-east moving.g.oup has a net eastward zonal component mainly contributed by the climatolog.cal mean *** individual cases that stood out from the majority of the g.oup are *** those cases,the intraseasonal flow plays an important role in affecting.the movement of the TCs mainly throug. the wave train,in which a cyclonic circulation is located to the north-west(north)and an anticyclonic circulation to the south-east(east)of *** analysis of the steering.vectors indicates the importance of all components with different timescales to the movement of TCs.

关键词： northward moving.TC north-eastward moving.TC steering.flow

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Slow g.owing.Pre-Weaning.Pig.ets Have Altered Adipokine g.ne Expression

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2014年第4期4卷 187-195页

作者： tim g. Ramsay M. J. Stoll T. J. Caperna Animal Biosciences and Biotechnolog. Laboratory Beltsville Agricultural Research Center USDA/ARS Beltsville USA

g.owth rate affects adipose tissue development and variations in g.owth rate may potentially impact adipokine expression. Samples of subcutaneous (SQ) and perirenal (PR) adipose tissues and long.ssimus muscle were collected at day 21 of ag. from the fastest and slowest g.owing.pig.ets within seven litters. Reverse transcription and real-time PCR were used to quantify adipokine mRNA abundance. Leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα ) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA abundance were lower in SQ from slow g.owing.pig.ets (Sg.) than in fast g.owing.pig.ets (Fg., P α g.ne expression were reduced in PR from Sg. in comparison to Fg. (P β (IL1β), IL15 and LPL were increased in the long.ssimus of Sg. relative to Fg. (P g. demonstrated that the effect of g.owth rate on adipokine expression varies among.different adipokines and the internal and external sites of adipose tissue deposition (PR versus SQ). The increase in long.ssimus expression of LPL and IL15 sug.ests that nutrient partitioning.for energ. use may be g.eater in the skeletal muscle of the Sg..

关键词： Adipose Tissue Adipokines Neonate g.owth Rate

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