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salinity stress in Wheat:Effects,Mechanisms and Management strategies

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第4期91卷 667-694页

作者： Mahmoud F.seleiman Muhammad Talha Aslam Bushra Ahmed Alhammad MuhammadUmair Hassan Rizwan Maqbool Muhammad Umer Chattha Imran Khan Harun Ireri Gitari Omer s.Uslu rana Roy Martin Leonardo Battaglia Plant Production Department College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Crop sciences Faculty of AgricultureMenoufia UniversityShibin El-kom32514Egypt Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Biology Department College of Science and Humanity StudiesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityRiyadh11942Saudi Arabia Research Center on Ecological sciences Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China Department of Agricultural sciences and Technology School of Agriculture and Enterprise DevelopmentKenyatta UniversityNairobi00100Kenya Department of Field Crops Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Sutcu ImamKahramanmaras46040Turkey Department of Agroforestry&Environmental science Faculty of AgricultureSylhet Agricultural UniversitySylhet3100Bangladesh Department of Animal sciences Cornell UniversityIthaca14850USA

salinity stress is a major threat to global food production and its intensity is continuously increasing because of anthropogenic *** is a staple food and a source of carbohydrates and calories for the majority of people across the ***,wheat productivity is adversely affected by salt stress,which is associated with a reduction in germination,growth,altered reproductive behavior and enzymatic activity,disrupted photosynthesis,hormonal imbalance,oxidative stress,and yield ***,a better understanding of wheat(plant)behavior to salinity stress has essential implications to devise counter and alleviation measures to cope with salt *** approaches including the selection of suitable cultivars,conventional breeding,and molecular techniques can be used for facing salt stress ***,these techniques are tedious,costly,and *** practices are still helpful to improve the wheat performance under salinity *** of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,and exogenous application of phytohormones,seed priming,and nutrient management are important tools to improve wheat performance under salinity *** this paper,we discussed the effect of salinity stress on the wheat crop,possible mechanisms to deal with salinity stress,and management options to improve wheat performance under salinity conditions.

关键词： Breeding techniques oxidative stress photosynthesis phyto-hormones salinity stress wheat

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Negative Pion Induced Fission with Heavy Target Nuclei

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第1期28卷 58-61页

作者： O. sher Mukhtar A. rana s. Manzoor M. I. shahzad Physics Division PINSTECH P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

We investigate fission induced by negative pions in copper and bismuth targets using CR-39 dielectric track detectors. The target-detector assemblies in 4π-geometric configuration were exposed at the AGs facility of Brookhaven National Laboratory, UsA. The exposed detectors were chemically etched under appropriate etching conditions and scanned to collect data in the form of fission fragments tracks produced as a result of interaction of pions with the target nuclei. Using the track counts, the experimental fission cross sections for copper and bismuth have been measured at energies of 500, 672, 1068 and 1665 MeV and compared with the calculation using the Cascade-Exciton Model code （CEM95）. The values of fission probability based on experimental fission cross-sections have been compared with the theoretically calculated values of fission probabilities obtained using the CEM95 code. Good agreement is observed between the measured and computed results.

关键词： Nuclear physics

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Morphology and phylogeny of root-endophytic fungus Periconia igniaria

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studies in Fungi 2019年第1期4卷 274-281页

作者： D’souza MA rana s s.ngh sK Department of Botany St.Xavier’s CollegeMapusaGoa-403507India National Fungal Culture Collection of India Biodiversity and Palaeobiology GroupMACS'Agharkar Research InstituteGG Agarkar Road411004 PuneIndia

Periconia igniaria,isolated as an endophytic fungus from roots of Cheilocostus speciosus from Calangute,Bardez,Goa,India was described in this *** identity of the endophytic isolate was based on asexual-morphs,cultural characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer rDNA sequence *** our knowledge,this is the first report of this taxon as root endophyte of Cheilocostus speciosus from Western Ghats forests,Goa,India.

关键词： Cheilocostus speciosus Goa Taxonomy Western Ghats

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small molecule induced polymerization of BCL6 facilitates sIAH1 mediated degradation

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第5期6卷 1391-1392页

作者： sandeep rana Amarnath Natarajan Division of Predinical Innovation National Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMDUSA Eppley Institute for Cancer Research Fred&Pamela Buffett Cancer CenterUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA

The recent report by slabicki et *** Nature used an array of techniques including cryo-electron microscopy to elucidate the mechanism of action of BI-3802,a molecular glue.1 The discovery of small molecules that highjack cellular quality control machinery to selectively degrade proteins has generated considerable excitement in the drug discovery community,particularly toward targets often deemed"undruggable".Whether its proteolysis targeting chimeras(PROTACs),consisting of heterobifunctional molecules connected by a linker that facilitates the recruitment of an E3 ligase to the protein of interest(POI)or small molecules that function as molecular glues2 to induce a novel interaction between an E3 ligase and the POI,the ultimate goal is to tag the POI for destruction in *** design is relatively straight forward,wherein a POI binding small molecule,and an E3 ligase binding ligand are connected through a linker that enables stable ternary complex formation(POI:PROTAC:E3 ligase)followed by POI degradation.

关键词： POI connected straight

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A Robust Fractional Order Fuzzy P ＋ Fuzzy I ＋ Fuzzy D Controller for Nonlinear and Uncertain system

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2017年第4期14卷 474-488页

作者： Vineet Kumar K. P. s. rana Jitendra Kumar Puneet Mishra sreejith s Nair Division of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (NSIT) University of Delhi New Delhi 110078 India

In this paper, a robust fractional order fuzzy P ＋ fuzzy I ＋ fuzzy D （FOFP ＋ FOFI ＋ FOFD） controller is presented for a nonlinear and uncertain 2-1ink planar rigid manipulator. It is a nonlinear fuzzy controller with variable gains that makes it self- adjustable or adaptive in nature. The fractional order operators further make it more robust by providing additional degrees of freedom to the design engineer. The integer order counterpart, fuzzy P ＋ fuzzy I ＋ fuzzy D （FP ＋ FI ＋ FD） controller, for a comparative study, was realized by taking the integer value for the fractional order operators in FOFP ＋ FOFI ＋ FOFD controller. The performances of both the fuzzy controllers are evaluated for reference trajectory tracking and disturbance rejection with and without model uncertainty and measurement noise. Genetic algorithm was used to optimize the parameters of controller under study for minimum integral of absolute error. simulation results demonstrated that FOFP ＋ FOFI ＋ FOFD controller show much better performance as compared to its counterpart FP ＋ FI ＋ FD controller in servo as well as the regulatory problem and in model uncertainty and noisy environment FOFP ＋ FOFI ＋ FOFD controller demonstrated more robust behavior as compared to the FP ＋ FI ＋ FD controller. For the developed controller bounded-input and bounded-output stability conditions are also developed using small Gain Theorem.

关键词： Fuzzy P + fuzzy I + fuzzy D (FP + FI + FD) controller fractional order fuzzy P + fuzzy I + fuzzy D (FOFP + FOFI+ FOFD) controller fractional order operator robust control model uncertainty noise suppression.

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New Discovery of Hipparion theobaldi skull from the Late Miocene of Padhri,District Jhelum,Punjab,Pakistan and Associated Mammalian Fossil Assemblage

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Acta Geologica sinica(English Edition) 2022年第4期96卷 1150-1165页

作者： Khizar sAMIULLAH Omer DRAZ Riffat YAsIN Bilal RAsOOL Hafiz MUHAMMAD IsHAQ Muhammad HARIs AZIZ rana MEHROZ FAZAL shakila NAZ Tehreem RAZA Romesa NIAZI Department of Zoology Ghazi UniversityDera Ghazi Khan 32200Pakistan Department of Zoology Government College UniversityFaisalabad 3800Pakistan Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesMNSUAMultan 06005Pakistan Dragon Animal Care Center Doha 00000Qatar

A fossil-bearing locality near Padhri village,Dhok Pathan,55 km away from the tehsil Dina,Jhelum District,in the Potwar Plateau,Middle siwaliks,Punjab,northern Pakistan,is significantly rich in mammalian *** site has provided an abundant mammalian fossil fauna of Late Miocene age from the Dhok Pathan Formation(Fm.).The recovered material belongs to four families:Equidae(horses),Rhinocerotidae(rhinos),Bovidae(cows),and suidae(pigs).We discovered a new skull of hipparionine Hipparion theobaldi from this locality along with 22 specimens from the associated assemblage of fossil *** recovered material includes seven other species:the aceratheriine Chilotherium intermedium,boselaphines Tragoportax punjabicus,selenoportax vexillarius,Pachyportax latidens,the antelope Gazella lydekkeri and suinine Propotamochoerus *** specimens are isolated teeth,fragments of maxilla,mandibles and horn *** Dhok Pathan *** generally composed of claystone,siltstone and sandstone beds and,based on the mammalian fauna,the Padhri fossil locality is dated as Late ***99 s formation was deposited in a subtropical paleoenvironment and the predominance of fossil bovids indicates extremely moist conditions with small but frequent standing water bodies.

关键词： vertebrate paleontology mammals fossil horses Dhok Pathan Formation siwaliks Punjab

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Damage and Fatigue Failure of Conventional and Bulk-Filled Resin Composites

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Open Journal of stomatology 2022年第2期12卷 62-76页

作者： rana Alkattan subir Banerji sanjukta Deb Centre for Oral Clinical and Translational Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Oral and Craniofacial Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Department of Restorative Dental science King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Prosthodontics University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia

Objectives: Resin-based composites are the most widely used dental restorative materials. Bulk-fill resin composites are of rising interest as they can be clinically applied in thicker increments compared to conventional composites. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the flexural fatigue strength of a conventional and bulk-filled resin composite placed incrementally or non-incrementally. Methods: Resin composite specimens were fabricated using either a conventional (Brilliant EverGlow?) or a bulk-fill (Fill-Up!sup>TMsup>) resin composite by either non-incremental filling (2 × 2 × 25 mmsup>3sup>) or in increments of (1 × 2 × 25 mmsup>3sup>). specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 h or thermocycled for 5000 cycles. The static flexural strength (σ), flexural fatigue limit (FFL) after 105 cycles and post-fatigue flexural strength (PFσ) were measured. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, with a post-hoc Tukey’s test to compare mean FFL (p σ and PFσ compared to conventional composites regardless of incremental cure or thermocycling (p σ and FFL for conventional composites but not bulk-filled composites. There was no significant difference in PFσ compared to σ after 24 h storage, but a significant increase in PFσ after thermocycling (p sions: The type of composite rather than incremental placement had a greater effect on flexural strength, suggesting that operator placement technique had less influence than material selection. Thermocycling in combination with cyclic loading caused a strengthening effect in the composites, likely due to the absorption and dissipation of stresses, thereby enhancing resistance to fracture.

关键词： Cyclic Fatigue Flexural Fatigue Limit Flexural strength Bulk-Fill Resin Composite Incremental Layering

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An Innovative Technique for Constructing Highly Non-Linear Components of Block Cipher for Data security against Cyber Attacks

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Computer systems science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 2547-2562页

作者： Abid Mahboob Muhammad Asif rana Muhammad Zulqarnain Imran siddique Hijaz Ahmad sameh Askar Giovanni Pau Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologySialkot CampusSialkot51310Pakistan school of Mathematical sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahorePakistan section of Mathematics International Telematic University UninettunoCorso Vittorio Emanuele II39Roma00186Italy Department of statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering and Architecturer-Kore University of Enna Enna94100Italy

The rapid advancement of data in web-based communication has created one of the biggest issues concerning the security of data carried over the internet from unauthorized *** improve data security,modern cryptosystems use ***,data privacy has become a key concern for consumers who transfer sensitive data from one place to *** address these problems,many companies rely on cryptographic techniques to secure data from illegal activities and *** these cryptographic approaches,AEs is a well-known algorithm that transforms plain text into cipher text by employing substitution box(s-box).The s-box disguises the relationship between cipher text and the key to guard against cipher *** security of a cipher using an s-box depends on the cryptographic strength of the respective ***,various researchers have employed different techniques to construct high order non-linear *** paper provides a novel approach for evolving s-boxes using coset graphs for the action of the alternating group A5 over the finite field and the symmetric group *** motivation for this work is to study the symmetric group and coset *** authors have performed various analyses against conventional security criteria such as nonlinearity,differential uniformity,linear probability,the bit independence criterion,and the strict avalanche criterion to determine its high cryptographic *** evaluate its image application performance,the proposed s-box is also used to encrypt digital *** performance and comparison analyses show that the suggested s-box can secure data against cyber-attacks.

关键词： Block cipher coset graphs s-box triangular group

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Gate current modeling and optimal design of nanoscale non-overlapped gate to source/drain MOsFET

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Journal of semiconductors 2011年第7期32卷 14-19页

作者： Ashwani K.rana Narottam Chand Vinod Kapoor Department of Electronics and Communication National Institute of Technology Department of Computer science and Engineering National Institute of Technology

A novel nanoscale MOsFET with a source/drain-to-gate non-overlapped and high-k spacer structure has been demonstrated to reduce the gate leakage current for the first *** gate leakage behaviour of the novel MOsFET structure has been investigated with the help of a compact analytical model and sentaurus simulation. A fringing gate electric field through the dielectric spacer induces an inversion layer in the non-overlap region to act as an extended s/D（source/drain） *** is found that an optimal source/drain-to-gate non-overlapped and high-A：spacer structure has reduced the gate leakage current to a great extent as compared to those of an overlapped ***,the proposed structure had improved off current,subthreshold slope and drain induced barrier lowering（DIBL） *** is concluded that this structure solves the problem of high leakage current without introducing extra series resistance.

关键词： gate tunneling current analytical model spacer dielectrics DIBL subthreshold slope

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Two-stage treatment with sliding fibular flap technique for chronic infected nonunion of the tibia

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2020年第5期23卷 302-306页

作者： rana Kapukaya Osman Ciloglu Department of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery University of Health SciencesAdana City Research and Training HospitalAdanaTurkey Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology University of Health SciencesAdana City Research and Training HospitalAdanaTurkey

Purpose:To assess the effectiveness of two-stage treatment with the fibular sliding technique in chronic infected nonunion of the ***:The study included patients who were diagnosed with long-term chronic infected tibial nonunion following trauma and treated with the two-stage technique between January 2010 and November *** with(1)intra-articular fractures of the distal third of the tibia and fibula,(2)pathological fracture resulting in bone loss or(3)neurological and vascular pathologies of the limbs were *** operation consisted of two stages and the main goal in the first stage was to control the infection and in the second stage to control the healing of the ***&radiographic results and complications were evaluated according to Paley's ***:The patients comprised 14 males and 5 females with a mean age of 37.4 years(range,21-52 years).Patients were followed up for an average of 27 months(range,15-38 months).The microorganisms produced from these patients were staphylococcus aureus in 13 patients,Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 4 patients and no bacteria in 2 *** the first stage operation,superficial skin necrosis developed in 1 *** another patient,there was a persistent infection,although union was *** the entire patient group,union was observed at the end of 7.44 months(range,7-11 months).Based on Paley's criteria,there were 16(84.2%)patients with excellent scores,2(10.5%)good scores and 1(5.3%)fair scores radiologically;while regarding the tibial function,15(78.9%)patients had excellent scores,3(15.8%)good scores,and 1(5.3%)fair *** patients had poor radiological or functional ***:Two-stage treatment can be considered as an alternative for fractures in regions that are susceptible to many and persistent complications,such as the *** technique has the advantages of short operation time,minimal blood loss,no excessive tissue damage and not very technique-demanding(a

关键词： Chronic infected nonunions Two-stage treatment Fibular sliding flap technique

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