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Edge Device Fault Probability Based Intelligent Calculations for Fault Probability of Smart Systems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1023-1036页

作者： Shasha Li tiejun cui Wattana Viriyasitavat School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang 110159China Chulalongkorn Business School Faculty of Commerce and AccountancyChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10900Thailand

In a smart system, the faults of edge devices directly impact the system’s overall fault. Further, complexity arises when different edge devices provide varying fault data. To study the Smart System Fault Evolution Process (SSFEP) under different fault data conditions, an intelligent method for determining the Smart System Fault Probability (SSFP) is proposed. The data types provided by edge devices include the following: (1) only known edge device fault probability;(2) known Edge Device Fault Probability Distribution (EDFPD);(3) known edge device fault number and EDFPD;(4) known factor state of the edge device fault and EDFPD. Moreover, decision methods are proposed for each data case. Transfer Probability (TP) is divided into Continuity Transfer Probability (CTP) and Filterability Transfer Probability (FTP). CTP asserts that a Cause Event (CE) must lead to a Result Event (RE), while FTP requires CF probability to exceed a threshold before RF occurs. These probabilities are used to calculate SSFP. This paper introduces a decision method using the information diffusion principle for low-data SSFP determination, along with an improved method. The method is based on space fault network theory, abstracting SSFEP into a System Fault Evolution Process (SFEP) for research purposes.

关键词： smart systems intelligent science edge device fault probability decision method

Broadband transmission-type 1-bit coding metasurface for electromagnetic beam forming and scanning

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第8期63卷 14-22页

作者： RuiYuan Wu Lei Bao LiangWei Wu tiejun cui State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Synergetic Innovation Center of Wireless Communication Technology Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Coding metasurfaces make it possible to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves digitally by means of several discrete ***,there have been rapid advances in this field *** we propose a novel design of a broadband transmission-type coding metasurface,which is valid to both x-and y-polarized EM incidences from 8.1-12.5 GHz while satisfies the requirements of 1-bit coding without changing the *** types of multi-layer coding particles with different geometrical parameters are adopted to represent the digital states"0"and"1",which are easily promoted to terahertz and optics through modifying the size *** verify the ability to manipulate the EM waves,we first adopt the coding metasurface to achieve broadband beam forming by converting spherical waves to plane waves and realize high-directivity pencil beam in far field with low side *** further arrange the particles according to the coding sequence 010101…to steer two symmetrical beams in different directions controlled by frequencies with the maximum range of the scanning angle of 30°-50.5°.The good agreements between the simulated and measured results validate the proposed broadband coding metasurface,indicating its huge potential in communication and radar imaging systems.

关键词： coding metasurface broadband transmission-type metasurface beam forming beam scanning

Anisotropic and nonlinear metasurface for multiple functions

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第9期64卷 165-174页

作者： Zhangjie LUO Xueyao REN Qiang WANG Qiang CHENG tiejun cui State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University Pazhou Lab Air and Missile Defense College Air Force Engineering University

We present a novel anisotropic and nonlinear metasurface integrated with multiple functions of diffuse scattering, beam splitting, and normal reflection, which can be switched in real time by tuning the polarization state or power level of the incident microwave. The key lies in the two judiciously designed anisotropic nonlinear particles in subwavelength scales that possess opposite reflection phases under one polarization and the same nonlinear power-dependent reflection phases under the orthogonal polarization. These properties are demonstrated comprehensively via comparisons between their reflection responses, receiving abilities, and nonlinear circuitry behaviors. In addition, both the spatial arrangement and the electrically enabling strategy of the particles are underpinned to pursue the proposed functions, which are verified through numerical simulations and measurements. When the metasurface is illuminated by plane waves coming from the direction perpendicular to it, a significant beam splitting effect is achieved with strong x-polarized incidence,which is switched to a specular reflection when the incoming power decreases. Under y-polarization,a diffuse scattering phenomenon is obtained, which is not dependent on the incident intensity. The study is expected to offer new solutions to many electromagnetic scenarios involving energy transmissions and protections.

关键词： multi-function metasurface nonlinear anisotropic polarization

Electromagnetic metasurfaces: from concept to applications

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Science Bulletin 2019年第12期64卷 791-792页

作者： Cheng-Wei Qiu Weixiang Jiang tiejun cui Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Department of Radio Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Electromagnetic or optical metasurfaces, as a kind of quasi-twodimensional artificial interface, are patterned subwavelength structures within ultrathin thickness that interact strongly with electromagnetic waves. The history of metasurface was traced back to the two-dimensional electromagnetic bandgap structure [1], which may be regarded as the beginning of metasurface research. Such metasurface with high impedance has been widely used in reducing the size of antennas and improving their performance. Recently, generalized Snell’s laws [2] have been coined and widely applied to various designs of metasurfaces [3], which pave a clearcut physical foundation for metasurfaces. Thereby, the metasurfaces have been widely deployed in designing new devices to regulate and control the electromagnetic wavefronts. For example, 600-nm-thick TiO2 metalens have been demonstrated to focus the light [4], 105 times thinner than the optical traditional lens with similar performance. Such a metasurface lens is believed promising to replace the traditional optical lens in the future. Hence, functional structured surfaces have become the subject of several rapidly-growing research areas, and demonstrated a lot of useful properties of structure-based devices with customized electric and magnetic responses.

关键词： quasi-twodimensional artificial interface metasurface research electromagnetic wavefronts

Three-dimensional large-aperture lens antennas with gradient refractive index

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2013年第12期56卷 116-127页

作者： ZHOU XiaoYang ZOU XiaYing YANG Yan MA HuiFeng cui tiejun State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Department of Radio Engineering Southeast University

We propose an accurate method for designing three-dimensional(3D)large-aperture metamaterial slab lens antennas with gradient refractive index(GRIN).According to the geometric optics,Fermat principle,ray-tracing technique and impedance matching,the 3D GRIN slab lenses with large apertures are accurately designed and *** the aid of the efective medium theory,an X-band and a Ku-band conical horn antennas loaded with the 3D GRIN slab lenses of 250-mm diameter are experimentally realized using the drilling-hole technique on the printed circuit boards(PCBs)as the unit cells of *** to the traditional dielectric lens with the same aperture,the proposed antennas have very good performance with high directivity,and the gain is increased by 2 to 5 *** the same method,we design and realize a huge-aperture GRIN lens in the X band with a diameter of 1000 mm,which is composed of nearly one millions of inhomogeneous unit cells of square-ring resonators and dielectric blocks with drilling *** to the huge aperture size,the electromagnetic ray paths inside and outside of the GRIN lens are verifed and optimized using the ray tracing *** results show good performance of the proposed antenna with high directivity.

关键词： gradient index material lens antenna high gain wideband microwave

A dual-band wireless communication of spoof plasmonic meta-waveguide

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 337-338页

作者： Xinxin GAO Geng-Bo WU Ze GU Qian MA Wenyi cui tiejun cui Chihou CHAN State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong

The ever-growing demands in wireless communications,computational imaging, and light detection necessitate the capability to freely manipulate electromagnetic *** and highly integrated devices hold great promise for the future of communications. Spoof plasmonic metamaterials, in particular, have shown potential in creating functional devices and systems due to their ultracompact and low-profile advantages [1–3].

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One-bit quantization is good for programmable coding metasurfaces

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第7期65卷 225-239页

作者： Ya SHUANG Hanting ZHAO Menglin WEI Qiang CHENG Shi JIN tiejun cui Philipp DEL HOUGNE Lianlin LI State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of ElectronicsPeking University Institute of Electromagnetic Space Southeast University State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University Pazhou Laboratory University of Rennes

The information-carrying programmable metasurfaces have found widespread applications in communication, sensing, and other related areas. However, there is a fundamental but unresolved problem,i.e., the rigorous understanding of the quantization of metasurface coding. Here, we theoretically investigate the performance difference between one-bit and continuous information-encoding metasurfaces. To this end,we derive analytical representations of system responses in various cases(single-input single-output, singleinput multiple-output, and multiple-input multiple-output). We analyze the impact of one-bit coding(in contrast to continuous coding) in terms of the resulting channel cross-talk and reduction of information capacity in various representative scenarios from wireless communication and holography. Our main finding indicates that the one-bit coding yields a satisfactory performance in most practical scenarios; we also show that in many cases there are smart ways to mildly relax optimization constraints in order to reduce the performance gap between the one-bit and continuous coding. We expect that our results can provide theoretical guidance for a large variety of metasurface-assisted information systems for electromagnetic waves and other wave phenomena.

关键词： metasurfaces metamaterials information capacity signal representation one-bit coding meta-surface

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Field trial measurement and channel modeling for reconfigurable intelligent surface

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第3期9卷 603-612页

作者： Peng Zheng Jianwen Ding Dan Fei Jiayi Zhang Bo Ai Xiao Li Shi Jin tiejun cui School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China National Research Center of Railway Safety Assessment Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Key Laboratory of Railway Industry of Broadband Mobile Information Communications Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Nanjing Rongcai Transportation Technology Research Institute Nanjing210096China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China

With the advantage of programmable electromagnetic properties,Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces(RISs)havedrawn wide attention from both industry and ***-assisted communication systems can promote hugewireless channel quality improvement and remarkable coverage *** paper proposes generalpathloss model,radiation pattern and mirror beam effect of 1-bit RIS at sub-6 GHz *** trails have beencarried out in outdoor and indoor deployment *** proposed model is validated through extensivesimulations and field-trial *** addition,an optimized RIS phase-shit design process for the mirrorbeam elimination is proposed and validated with *** proposed theoretical model and measurementresults can promote future research and application in RIS-assisted communications.

关键词： Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Channel measurement Path loss Prototype

A broadband metamaterial cylindrical lens antenna

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第19期55卷 2066-2070页

作者： MA HuiFeng CHEN Xi YANG XinMi XU HongSheng CHENG Qiang cui tiejun State Key laboratory of MiUimeter Waves School of lnformation Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China

We present a Luneberg-like cylindrical lens antenna experimentally using *** cylindrical lens antenna with a broad bandwidth is made up of the non-resonant I-shaped metamaterial *** near-field distributions of the metamaterial lens antenna are measured using a two-dimensional near-field microwave scanning apparatus,and agree well with the simulation *** far-field radiation patterns of the antenna are also presented to show the high-gain performance in the broad bandwidth.

关键词：透镜天线圆柱材料宽带介质结构带宽性能二维近场近场分布