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Enhanced diagnostic workup increases pathological findings in patients with acute ischaemic stroke:results of the prospective HEBRAS study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第2期9卷 145-152,I0414-I0425页

作者： Simon Hellwig thomas krause Jan F Scheitz Juliane Herm Ulrike Grittner Nadja Jauert Jochen B Fiebach Mario Kasner Wolfram Doehner Matthias Endres Rolf Wachter thomas Elgeti Christian H Nolte Karl Georg Haeusler Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany Center for Stroke Research Berlin BerlinGermany Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin BIH Biomedical Innovation AcademyBerlinGermany Department of Neurology Jüdisches Krankenhaus BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Diseases(DZHK) Partner Site BerlinBerlinGermany Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies(BCRT) Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Cardiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Cardiology Campus Benjamin FranklinCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases(DZNE) Partner Site BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Cardiology University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Radiology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Neurology University Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Background Stroke aetiology remains cryptogenic in a relevant proportion of patients with acute ischaemic stroke(AIS).We assessed whether enhanced diagnostic workup after AIS yields a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings compared with routine diagnostic care *** Hospitalised patients with AIS were prospectively enrolled in the investigator-initiated observational HEart and BRain Interfaces in Acute Ischaemic Stroke(HEBRAS)study at the Charité,Berlin,*** with AIS without known atrial fibrillation(AF)underwent cardiovascular MR imaging(CMR),MR-angiography of the aortic arch and prolonged Holter-ECG monitoring on top of routine diagnostic *** Among 356 patients with AIS(mean age 66 years,37.6%female),enhanced workup yielded a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings compared with routine care(17.7%vs 5.3%;p<0.001).Consequently,fewer patients were classified as cryptogenic after enhanced diagnostic workup(38.5%vs 45.5%,p<0.001).Routine care included echocardiography in 228(64.0%)*** was successfully performed in 292(82.0%)patients and revealed more often a prespecified pathological finding compared with routine echocardiography(16.1%vs 5.3%).Furthermore,study-related ECG monitoring(median duration 162 hours(IQR 98–210))detected AF in 16(4.5%)patients,while routine monitoring(median duration 51 hours(IQR 34–74))detected AF in seven(2.0%)*** Enhanced diagnostic workup revealed a higher rate of prespecified pathological findings in patients with AIS compared with routine diagnostic care and significantly reduced the proportion of patients with cryptogenic *** registration number NCT02142413.

关键词： routine patients prospective

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Tuning beneficial calcineurin phosphatase activation to counterα-synuclein toxicity in a yeast model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 199-200页

作者： Srishti Chawla Mikael Molin thomas Nystrom Institute for Biomedicine Sahlgrenska AcademyCentre for Ageing and Health-AgeCapUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Calcineurin(CN)is a calcium-and calmodulindependent serine/threonine that has been studied in many model organisms including yeast,filamentous fungi,plants,and *** biological functions range from ion homeostasis and virulence in lower eukaryotes to T-cell activation in humans by human nuclear factors of activated *** is a heterodimeric protein consisting of a catalytic subunit,calcineurin A(Cna1p),which contains an active site with a dinuclear metal center,and a regulatory Ca^(2+) binding subunit called calcineurin B(Cnb1p)required to activate *** calcineurin B subunit has been highly conserved through evolution:For example,the mammalian calcineurin B shows 54%identity with calcineurin B from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

关键词： activation dinuclear conserved

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Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng thomas Skutella Karl Kiening Andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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Evaluating Local Approximations of the L^(2)-Orthogonal Projection Between Non-Nested Finite Element Spaces

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2014年第3期7卷 288-316页

作者： thomas Dickopf Rolf krause Universit`a della Svizzera italiana(USI University of Lugano)Institute of Computational ScienceVia G.Buffi 136904 LuganoSwitzerland

We present quantitative studies of transfer operators between finite element spaces associated with unrelated *** local approximations of the global L^(2)-orthogonal projection are reviewed and evaluated *** numerical studies in 3D provide the first estimates of the quantitative differences between a range of transfer operators between non-nested finite element *** consider the standard finite element interpolation,Cl´ement’s quasi-interpolation with different local polynomial degrees,the global L^(2)-orthogonal projection,a local L^(2)-quasi-projection via a discrete inner product,and a pseudo-L^(2)-projection defined by a Petrov-Galerkin variational equation with a discontinuous test *** their qualitative and quantitative behaviors in this computational way is interesting per se;it could also be relevant in the context of discretization and solution techniques which make use of different non-nested *** turns out that the pseudo-L^(2)-projection approximates the actual L^(2)-orthogonal projection *** obtained results seem to be largely independent of the underlying computational domain;this is demonstrated by four examples(ball,cylinder,half torus and Stanford Bunny).

关键词： Finite elements unstructured meshes non-nested spaces transfer operators interpolation projection

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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert J.thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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Particle flow simulations with homogenised lattice Boltzmann methods

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Particuology 2017年第5期15卷 1-13页

作者： Mathias J. krause Fabian Klemens thomas Henn Robin Trunk Hermann Nirschl Institute for Applied and Numerical Mathematics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 76021 Karlsruhe Germany Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

An alternative approach to simulating arbitrarily shaped particles submersed in viscous fluid in two dimensions is proposed, obtained by adapting the velocity parameter of the equilibrium distribution function of a standard lattice Boltzmann method （LBM）. Comparisons of exemplifying simulations to results in the literature validate the approach as well as the convergence analysis. Pressure fluctuations occurring in Ladd＇s approach are greatly reduced. In comparison with the immersed boundary method, this approach does not require cost intensive interpolations. The parallel efficiency of LBM is retained. An intrinsic momentum transfer is observed during particle-particle collisions. To demonstrate the capa- bilities of the approach, sedimentation of particles of several shapes is simulated despite omitting an explicit particle collision model.

关键词： Particulate flow simulationsArbitrarily shaped particlesLattice Boltzmann methodsValidationSedimentation processes

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Material-specific high-resolution table-top extreme ultraviolet microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第5期11卷 991-1000页

作者： Wilhelm Eschen Lars Loetgering Vittoria Schuster Robert Klas Alexander Kirsche Lutz Berthold Michael Steinert thomas Pertsch Herbert Gross Michael krause Jens Limpert Jan Rothhardt Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaAlbert-Einstein-Str.1507745 JenaGermany HelmholtzInstitute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Albert-Einstein-Straße 907745 JenaGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS WalterHülse-Str.106120 HalleGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF Albert-Einstein-Str.707745 JenaGermany

Microscopy with extreme ultraviolet(EUV)radiation holds promise for high-resolution imaging with excellent material contrast,due to the short wavelength and numerous element-specific absorption edges available in this spectral *** the same time,EUV radiation has significantly larger penetration depths than *** thus enables a nano-scale view into complex three-dimensional structures that are important for material science,semiconductor metrology,and next-generation ***,we present high-resolution and material-specific microscopy at 13.5 nm *** combine a highly stable,high photon-flux,table-top EUV source with an interferometrically stabilized ptychography *** utilizing structured EUV illumination,we overcome the limitations of conventional EUV focusing optics and demonstrate high-resolution microscopy at a half-pitch lateral resolution of 16 ***,we propose mixed-state orthogonal probe relaxation ptychography,enabling robust phase-contrast imaging over wide fields of view and long acquisition *** this way,the complex transmission of an integrated circuit is precisely reconstructed,allowing for the classification of the material composition of mesoscopic semiconductor systems.

关键词： resolution ultraviolet extreme

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IAV Advanced Thermal Management ＆ Phase Change Cooling（PCC）

IAV Advanced Thermal Management ＆ Phase Change Cooling（PCC...

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2020中国汽车工程学会年会暨展览会

作者： Arnold thomas krause Matthias IAV GmbH

With the entry into force of Regulation（EU） 2017/1151,compliance with the limit values for pollutants（CO,HC,NOx） as defined in（EC） 715/2007（EURO6） will become effective on 01.01.2021 for all newly registered passenger cars and light commercial vehicles within the EU binding in the RDE *** valid test drives,the new RDE test procedure only specifies route requirements and ambient temperatures in a relatively wide window in order to cope with the multitude of possible conditions of use in real driving *** means that combustion engines must comply with the emission limit values in all conceivable operating *** gasoline ICE’s use fuel enrichment at high loads to protect the turbocharger and catalytic converter from too high exhaust gas *** evaporation of the additionally injected fuel reduces the exhaust gas temperature but also increases fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions like HC and *** several different technologies as for example integrated exhaust manifolds,water injection,phase change cooled manifolds or high load miller combustion are under investigation to meet the new *** powertrains with high specific engine power are facing limitations in heat rejection of the cooling system what limits the installable cooling power of integrated water-cooled *** injection of water instead of additional fuel is also a promising technology to reduce exhaust gas temperatures without increasing heat rejection demand or increased *** water injection systems require a frequent refilling of water and measures to prevent freezing,fouling or *** a high load miller based combustion process usually leads to an increased charge air cooling demand and adapted compressors to meet the increased charge air pressure that can affect the low-end torque performance or the maximum engine power *** this reason,IAV has developed a new phase change cooled exhaust manifold s

关键词： phase change cooling thermal management lambda 1 real driving emissions

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Development of German-Ukrainian cooperations for education and research in photogrammetry and laser scanning

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第1期24卷 152-159,I0016页

作者： thomas Luhmann Institute for Applied Sciences and Geoinformatics Jade University of Applied Sciences OldenburgOldenburgGermany

Since 2011 an intensive international cooperation has been in place between the Institute for Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics(IAPG)at the Jade University of Applied Sciences in Oldenburg,Germany,and various Ukrainian *** an initial contact by *** Konecny,the first visit was organized,and was followed by many *** subsequent years an intensive cooperation was established particularly with the National University for Construction and Architecture(KNUCA)in *** addition to architects and civil engineers,KNUCA also trains geodesists,geo-information scientists and landscape *** cooperation today includes the reciprocal exchange of scientists and students,research projects,courses and cooperation at many other *** addition,a commercial company has been established,SPM3D LLC,which now employs more than 14 engineers in the field of 3D acquisition,point cloud processing and *** article summarizes the history of the cooperation and presents the results of associated student *** addition,results of joint work on the development of a virtual laser scanner are presented,part of a German-Ukrainian initiative to digitize teaching.

关键词： Internationalization technology transfer curricula reform photogrammetry laser scanning e-learning

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Magnetohydrostatic modeling of the solar atmosphere

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第8期65卷 1710-1726页

作者： ZHU XiaoShuai NEUKIRCH thomas WIEGELMANN thomas State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St AndrewsSt Andrews KY169SSUK Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Sonnensystemforschung G¨ottingen 37077Germany

Understanding structures and evolutions of the magnetic fields and plasma in multiple layers on the Sun is very important. A force-free magnetic field which is an accurate approximation of the solar corona due to the low plasma β has been widely studied and used to model the coronal magnetic structure. While the force-freeness assumption is well satisfied in the solar corona, the lower atmosphere is not force-free given the high plasma β. Therefore, a magnetohydrostatic(MHS) equilibrium which takes into account plasma forces, such as pressure gradient and gravitational force, is considered to be more appropriate to describe the lower atmosphere. This paper reviews both analytical and numerical extrapolation methods based on the MHS assumption for calculating the magnetic fields and plasma in the solar atmosphere from measured magnetograms.

关键词： magnetic field photosphere chromosphere corona

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